Sep 18, 2015 · Question W hich two of the following theories view human nature as being neutral ? Question 89 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove Question Which of the following two theories has the opposite view of human nature with one viewing human nature as inherently good and the other theory viewing human nature as inherently bad ?
Sep 18, 2015 · Add Question Here Question 86 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove Question The most significant contribution of humanistic theory has been the Answer role it assigns to unconscious motivation in behavior. balanced (neutral) view of human behavior that it embodies. explicit concepts that it uses to explain personality development. encouragement it gives for …
A statistical technique that combines the results of a selected set of studies into an overall index of effectiveness is called: meta-analysis. A theory: provides explanations for human behavior. The primary purpose of theories of counseling is to explain: the …
• Main Idea: Learning happens when neutral stimuli become so strongly associated with natural stimuli that they elicit the same response. • Strengths: Useful in explaining how emotional responses such as phobias are learned. • Weaknesses: Explanation of behavior change is too limited to serve as comprehensive theory of human development.
The theories about human nature does state things concerned with the place that humans occupy in nature. The human nature theories tend to come up with definitions of what particularly constitutes the human being and as thus differentiating them from the other living organisms. There is a strong need by one to be able to understand and be in a position to distinguish themselves as being pats of nature as well as the nature that humans possess. The two issues, in most cases, do not coincide. The first case gives a descriptive approach as well as provides an investigation to the varied phenomenal and empirical aspects that does assist people so that that they can readily understand the place that they are occupying in nature. The other part is more or less a normative problem and is normally linked to the destiny of humanity in a general aspect and at the same time to a person’s future and the reason of the life that an individual human being may be having (Wilson, 2012). The importance of this relies on and is related to the interpretations of the places occupied by the culture and the history of human beings. Considering the two in separate views, the two approaches are seen to be offering a foundation for the interpretation of the human nature from more natural and human view points. As thus, the sciences are always attempting to come up with additional materials that are deemed relevant to the understanding of the place of human beings in nature and not only concerning the manner in which questions concerning the destiny of humanity are answered.
Human nature is regarded as both sources of norms of conduct as well as ways of life. It is presenting an obstacle or constraints that are deemed important on living good life (Dewey, 2002). The theories of human nature imply the things that are entailed with the spaces that human beings occupy as this explains why my community is composed ...
The Darwinian theory of human nature sees that humans are one of the several exceptional forms of the primates and that they are just animals. The theory has normative implications that the success of the human life is pragmatic.
The next theory is the Cartesian theory of human nature.
A counseling theory. helps therapists organize information about their clients and may lead a therapist to view a client from a biased perspective. Counseling theories provide therapists with: a professional schemata. A good counseling theory is. precise and has empirical support.
the effects of psychotherapy were no different from placebo treatment. A statistical technique that combines the results of a selected set of studies into an overall index of effectiveness is called: meta-analysis. A theory: provides explanations for human behavior.
Jane is a 30 year old single mother of 2 children who has been in therapy with Theo, who is a well-known Gestalt Therapist. During their sessions, Jane speaks openly about her feelings of not belonging in her school age years with her peers or her family.
Desi is a 35 year old Hispanic male who moved to the US from Mexico approximately 4 years ago. Desi is married to Julie, a 32 year old Caucasian female, who is an assistant professor in the counseling psychology program of a well-known university.
All states in the U.S. mandate that they counselor report evidence of abuse of a child. Counselors are not acting in a competent manner when they. experience burnout, conduct counseling sessions when you are in some way impaired, and practice using new approach with lack of appropriate skills in that method.
A fairly standard definition would be as follows: something is natural if and only if it can be studied and explained, at least in principle, by the so-called natural or empirical sciences (i.e., physics, chemistry, and biology).
Racial equality and civil rights . Sexual moral ity and sexual liberty. Religious freedom. Environmentalism and animal rights. Embryonic research. Genetic enhancement. Gender identity. All of these issues—and many others—turn on the issue of anthropology ; that is to say, on the nature and origins of human beings.
If there is such a thing as goodness, it must be defined in wholly naturalistic terms. This puts Naturalists in something of a predicament, because it is widely recognized that science cannot deliver value judgments. Science tells you how things are, not how things ought to be. (The same applies generally to ordinary sense experience.)
There is no God in the classical sense. There is no transcendent personal Creator who exists objectively and absolutely. The only God or gods that could exist must be at root human projections rather than independent realities. Postmodernism may appear quite religiously liberal and pluralistic, but make no mistake, it has an absolutist and exclusivist core: it simply cannot tolerate an absolute God.
Truth is not something to be discovered so much as something to be created. (Note the contrast here with Naturalism, which typically holds to the objectivity of truth.) For the Postmodernist, truth is a social construction. It arises out of the choices and preferences of human societies. In short, something is true because we have decided that it is true, either individually or collectively. We have projected a particular interpretation onto our experiences.
Something is valuable, objectively speaking, simply because God values it and delights in it. [14] . Moral goodness is grounded in God’s character and God’s will. Right and wrong are defined by God’s law, which in turn is a revelation of his righteousness, holiness, and loving-kindness.
Roughly stated, a worldview is an overall philosophical outlook on the world: an all-encompassing perspective on everything that exists and matters to us. A worldview reflects both descriptive and normative content: it concerns not only how things are, but also how things ought to be.
Sigmund Freud was a Viennese physician who developed his psychosexual theory of development through his work with emotionally troubled adults. Now considered controversial and largely outdated, his theory is based on the idea that parents play a crucial role in managing their children’s sexual and aggressive drives during the first few years of life in order to foster their proper development.
In order to demonstrate the importance of social and emotional development in people , Harry Harlow studied the attachment patterns of Rhesus monkeys. This was based on the belief of John Bowlby that maternal attachment is a necessity for proper emotional and social development. Harlow raised baby Rhesus monkeys in a nursery-type setting away from their mothers; he gave them surrogate mothers made out of wire and wood, to which the babies developed attachment bonds. His alternative rearing technique, also called maternal deprivation, is considered highly controversial today.
His theory of four stages of cognitive development, first presented in the mid-20th century, is one of the most famous and widely-accepted theories in child cognitive development to this day. Jean Piaget: Piaget’s theory of child development is still one of the most widely accepted in modern psychology.
The four stages of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development correspond with the age of the child; they include the sensorimotor , preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages.
From birth to 12 months of age, infants must learn that adults can be trusted. This occurs when adults meet a child’s basic needs for survival. Infants are dependent upon their caregivers, so caregivers who are responsive and sensitive to their infant’s needs help their baby to develop a sense of trust; their baby will see the world as a safe, predictable place. Unresponsive caregivers who do not meet their baby’s needs can engender feelings of anxiety, fear, and mistrust; their baby may see the world as unpredictable. If infants are treated cruelly or their needs are not met appropriately, they will likely grow up with a sense of mistrust for people in the world.
John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth were two prominent researchers who advanced the theory of attachment as related to human development. John Bowlby conceived of four stages of attachment that begin during infancy: preattachment, attachment-in-the-making, clear-cut attachment, and formation of reciprocal relationships.
Carol Gilligan (1982), a research assistant of Kohlberg, criticized her former mentor’s theory because it was based so narrowly on research using white, upper-class men and boys. She argued that women are not deficient in their moral reasoning and instead proposed that males and females reason differently: girls and women focus more on staying connected and maintaining interpersonal relationships.