Q: Following statement best exemplifies which perspective: "in order to win the votes of suburban soccer moms in Nebraska, Q: 1. ________ is the study of domestic politics across countries, whereas ________ concentrates more on the ways in which
3. Which of the following is NOT true about organizational politics? a) Project managers should not engage in organizational politics. b) Politics can have a significant influence on which projects receive funding. c) Politics exist in every organization. d) Politics can influence project selection. e) Politics can play a role in the ...
Nov 11, 2018 · This quiz covers all of the content in Cybersecurity Essentials 1.1. It is designed to test the skills and knowledge presented in the course. There are multiple task types that may be available in this quiz. NOTE: Quizzes allow for partial credit scoring on …
A political approach in which leaders make direct appeals to the people and seek to develop direct political ties with the masses is known as: Different groups share access to power in a government Arend Lijphart demonstrates the theory of consociational democracy in which:
A cybersecurity specialist needs to be familiar with the characteristics of the different types of malware and attacks that threaten an organization. The IT department is tasked to implement a system that controls what a user can and cannot do on the corporate network.
public key from Bob. Explanation: Alice and Bob are used to explain asymmetric cryptography used in digital signatures. Alice uses a private key to encrypt the message digest. The message, encrypted message digest, and the public key are used to create the signed document and prepare it for transmission.
Therefore, paying attention to the human side of your organization is essential to short and long term success. It tends to be people that are happy and motivated that lead to the best business results, so all companies should take the time and effort necessary to ensure that their people are positive about the work that they do.
The Four Frame Model is a concept that divides up any given organization into ‘four frames’ – with the goal of understanding these organizations better when they are divided up in this manner. Organizations are extremely complicated entities, with a potentially huge number of personalities, motivations, capabilities, limitations, and more at play.
Politics are a part of organizational life, because organizations are made up of different interests that need to be aligned. In fact, 93% of managers surveyed reported that workplace politics exist in their organization, and 70% felt that in order to be successful, a person has to engage in politics (Gandz & Murray, 1980).
Aristotle wrote that politics stems from a diversity of interests, and those competing interests must be resolved in some way. “Rational” decision making alone may not work when interests are fundamentally incongruent, so political behaviors and influence tactics arise.
Scarcity of resources breeds politics. When resources such as monetary incentives or promotions are limited, people see the organization as more political. Any type of ambiguity can relate to greater organizational politics. For example, role ambiguity allows individuals to negotiate and redefine their roles. This freedom can become a political process. Research shows that when people do not feel clear about their job responsibilities, they perceive the organization as more political (Muhammad, 2007). Ambiguity also exists around performance evaluations and promotions. These human resource practices can lead to greater political behavior, such as impression management, throughout the organization. As you might imagine, democratic decision making leads to more political behavior. Since many people have a say in the process of making decisions, there are more people available to be influenced.
The negative side of organizational politics is more likely to flare up in times of organizational change or when there are difficult decisions to be made and a scarcity of resources that breeds competition among organizational groups.
Organizational politics is a natural part of organizational life. Organizations that are driven by unhealthy levels of political behavior suffer from lowered employee organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and performance as well as higher levels of job anxiety and depression.
Individual antecedents of political behavior include political skill, internal locus of control, high investment in the organization, and expectations of success. Organizational antecedents include scarcity of resources, role ambiguity, frequent performance evaluations and promotions, and democratic decision making.