French colonization in the Americas was backed by three main goals, namely shifting the excess population of France to the colonies and giving settlers greater opportunities for success, making money, especially through the fur trade, and spreading the Catholic faith through missionary activities among the Native Americans.
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England, France's ancestral enemy, was settling colonies in the New World and getting rich from it, trading cotton, tobacco, & much else with the rest of the world. France wanted a piece of the pie.
There’s a few explorers, a few countries, and a whole lot of effort that got America started many years ago. From tribes of buffalo hunters, to civil wars, to a world of technology here today, America has gone through many stages, many battles, and many different leaders.
He founded New France by planting a cross on the shore of the Gaspé Peninsula. The French subsequently tried to establish several colonies throughout North America that failed, due to weather, disease, or conflict with other European powers. Cartier attempted to create the first permanent European settlement in North America at Cap-Rouge (Quebec City) in 1541 with 400 settlers but the settlement was abandoned the next year after bad weather and attacks from Native Americans in the area. A small group of French troops were left on Parris Island, South Carolina in 1562 to build Charlesfort, but left after a year when they were not resupplied by France. Fort Caroline established in present-day Jacksonville, Florida, in 1564, lasted only a year before being destroyed by the Spanish from St. Augustine. An attempt to settle convicts on Sable Island off Nova Scotia in 1598 failed after a short time. In 1599, a sixteen-person trading post was established in Tadoussac (in present-day Quebec ), of which only five men survived the first winter. In 1604 Pierre Du Gua de Monts and Samuel de Champlain founded a short-lived French colony, the first in Acadia, on Saint Croix Island, presently part of the state of Maine, which was much plagued by illness, perhaps scurvy. The following year the settlement was moved to Port Royal, located in present-day Nova Scotia.
The French colonial empire in the New World also included New France (Nouvelle France) in North America, particularly in what is today the province of Quebec, Canada, and for a very short period (12 years) also Antarctic France (France Antarctique, in French), in present-day Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Unchallenged by the Portuguese, who initially took little notice of his landing, Villegaignon endeavoured to expand the colony by calling for more colonists in 1556. He sent one of his ships, the Grande Roberge, to Honfleur, entrusted with letters to King Henry II, Gaspard de Coligny and according to some accounts, the Protestant leader John Calvin. After one ship was sent to France to ask for additional support, three ships were financed and prepared by the king of France and put under the command of Sieur De Bois le Comte, a nephew of Villegagnon. They were joined by 14 Calvinists from Geneva, led by Philippe de Corguilleray, including theologians Pierre Richier and Guillaume Chartrier. The new colonists, numbering around 300, included 5 young women to be wed, 10 boys to be trained as translators, as well as 14 Calvinists sent by Calvin, and also Jean de Léry, who would later write an account of the colony. They arrived in March 1557. The relief fleet was composed of: The Petite Roberge, with 80 soldiers and sailors was led by Vice Admiral Sieur De Bois le Comte. The Grande Roberge, with about 120 on board, captained by Sieur de Sainte-Marie dit l'Espine. The Rosée, with about 90 people, led by Captain Rosée. Doctrinal disputes arose between Villegagnon and the Calvinists, especially in relation to the Eucharist, and in October 1557 the Calvinists were banished from Coligny island as a result. They settled among the Tupinamba until January 1558, when some of them managed to return to France by ship together with Jean de Léry, and five others chose to return to Coligny island where three of them were drowned by Villegagnon for refusing to recant.
The expedition then founded the colony of Port-Royal . In 1608, Champlain founded a fur post that would become the city of Quebec, which would become the capital of New France. In Quebec, Champlain forged alliances between France and the Huron and Ottawa against their traditional enemies, the Iroquois.
That year, to increase the population, Louis XIV sent between 800 and 900 ' King's Daughters ' to become the wives of French settlers. The population of New France reached subsequently 7000 in 1674 and 15000 in 1689.
Political map of the Northeastern part of North America in 1664. The French interest in Canada focused first on fishing off the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. However, at the beginning of the 17th century, France was more interested in fur from North America.
At the beginning of the French and Indian War (1754–1763), the British population in North America outnumbered the French 20 to 1. France fought a total of six colonial wars in North America (see the four French and Indian Wars as well as Father Rale's War and Father Le Loutre's War ). See also: Franco-Indian alliance.
a) The English attention was turned to internal struggles and the encroaching Catholic menace to Scotland and Ireland.
a) Indians were less robust than Europeans.
What were three goals of French colonization in the Americas? French colonization in the Americas was backed by three main goals, namely shifting the excess population of France to the colonies and giving settlers greater opportunities for success, making money, especially through the fur trade, and spreading the Catholic faith through missionary ...
A second goal of French colonialism was to profit from the very lucrative slave trade. France did not keep slaves on its own soil, but Africans were traded by France at slave markets. Nantes, for example, was a center of the slave trade. As early as 1666, 108 ships went to the coast of Guinea and seized 37,430 slaves. Those kidnapped people cost more than 37 million pounds in 1666, which would be hundreds of millions of British pounds today. James writes that by 1700 Nantes was sending out fifty ships a year to the Antilles with goods produced in and traded within Europe, such as Irish salt beef, linens for the household, clothing for slaves, and machinery for sugar mills. Furthermore, he confirms the following: "Nearly all the industries which developed in France during the eighteenth century had their origin in goods or commodities destined either for the coast of Guinea or for America." Capital gained from the slave trade facilitated France's ability to trade in other goods and provided the financial grist that the bourgeoisie would need to overthrow the aristocracy in 1789.
As the founder of Quebec in 1608, Samuel de Champlain is known as the "Father of New France." The main French economic activity in the colony at the time was the fur trade. But this activity was not profitable at first, and agriculture did not develop either. The fur trade continued, but relatively few French settled in North America.
Third, French Catholics sought to spread their Catholic faith through missionary activities among the Native Americans. As early as 1615, three priests of the Recollect order arrived in the colonies and set out to preach the Gospel. They suffered greatly and met with little success, so they called in the Jesuits to help in 1625. While the missionaries did make many converts among the Native Americans, they also met with much resistance, and many were martyred.
Around 1670, Jean-Baptiste Talon tried to strengthen New France by diversifying its economy in the late 1660s and early 1670s. But his efforts were not successful. His failure ultimately led to the colony's demise in the next century.
So why did the French colonize America? First, France was getting crowded, and officials wanted to shift some of that excess population to its colonies. French settlers were often members of the lower classes who faced poverty, joblessness, landlessness, and overcrowding in their native country. They longed for greater opportunities to farm their own land, practice their professions, and earn money. To many, New France seemed like the perfect option.
The British conquered New France in 1763 and while France owned land on the American continent until 1803, French colonization was essentially finished.