The Rise of the Shogunate. Japanese terms everyone should know: - Shogun: (actually an abbreviation of "Seii Taishogun") The highest general rank in feudal Japan. The shogunate (bakufu) was the practical power in Japan throughout the late Middle Ages. - Daimyo: (literally, "great name") The lords who served under the Shogun/Emperor.
Shogunate. But the increasingly feudal character of Japanese society created a situation in which control of the military became tantamount to control of the country, and the emperor remained in his palace in Kyōto chiefly as a symbol of sovereignty behind the shogun.
"The Changing of the Shogun 1289: An Excerpt from Towazugatari". The Journal of the Association of Teachers of Japanese. 8 (1): 58–65. doi: 10.2307/489093. JSTOR 489093. Brock, Karen L. (Winter 1995). "The Shogun's 'Painting Match' ". Monumenta Nipponica. 50 (4): 433–484. doi: 10.2307/2385589.
Legally the shogunate was under the control of the emperor, and the shogun’s authority was limited to control of the military forces of the country. But the increasingly feudal character of Japanese society created a situation in which control of the military became tantamount to control of the country,...
The word "shogun" is a title that was granted by the Emperor to the country's top military commander. During the Heian period (794-1185) the members of the military gradually became more powerful than the court officials, and eventually they took control of the whole government.
The Edo shogunateThe Edo shogunate was the most powerful central government Japan had yet seen: it controlled the emperor, the daimyo, and the religious establishments, administered Tokugawa lands, and handled Japanese foreign affairs.
Born to a minor warlord in Okazaki, Japan, Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616) began his military training with the Imagawa family. He later allied himself with the powerful forces of Oda Nobunaga and then Toyotomi Hideyoshi, expanding his land holdings via a successful attack on the Hojo family to the east.
August 21, 1192On August 21, 1192, Minamoto Yorimoto was appointed a shogun, or Japanese military leader. He established the first shogunate, a system of military government that would last until the 19th century.
Tokugawa shogunate (1600–1868)No.Name (birth–death)Shogun from1Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543–1616)de facto 1600de jure 16032Tokugawa Hidetada (1579–1632)16053Tokugawa Iemitsu (1604–1651)162316 more rows
Tokugawa Ieyasu's dynasty of shoguns presided over 250 years of peace and prosperity in Japan, including the rise of a new merchant class and increasing urbanization. To guard against external influence, they also worked to close off Japanese society from Westernizing influences, particularly Christianity.
In order to legitimize their rule and to maintain stability, the shoguns espoused a Neo-Confucian ideology that reinforced the social hierarchy placing warrior, peasant, artisan, and merchant in descending order. The early economy was based on agriculture, with rice as the measured unit of wealth.
The shoguns also cemented their power by taking charge of the country's production and distribution. And it worked, because under the Tokugawa, agriculture and commerce thrived. In the rural areas, they put improved farming techniques into place.
After the fall of the Ashikaga Shogunate in 1573, rival daimyo fought for control of Japan. Tokugawa Ieyasu defeated his rivals and was granted the title of shogun by the emperor. He started a shogunate that lasted for over 250 years.
Hōjō Family, family of hereditary regents to the shogunate of Japan who exercised actual rule from 1199 to 1333.
The Rise of the Shogun: Kamakura Shogunate In the late Heian period (year 1068), Emperor Go-Sanjo ascended the throne, the first emperor in a hundred years not born of a daughter of a Fujiwara. The Fujiwara monopoly of the regency had come to an end.
The most important feature of the medieval period is that the samurai (warrior-administrators) replaced the court government in managing local government. Because the court government had no police force, bands of samurai gained power when the Heian government neglected the administration of the provinces.
The shogunate was the hereditary military dictatorship of Japan (1192–1867). Legally, the shogun answered to the emperor, but, as Japan evolved int...
The era of the shogunate spanned nearly 700 years. The warlord Tokugawa Ieyasu seized control of the shogunate in 1600 and unified Japan with a com...
The first capital of the shogunate was Kamakura, the stronghold of the Minamoto clan. The decline of Minamoto led to the rise of the Ashikaga (or M...
The shogunate was brought down in the 1860s by a combination of peasant unrest, agitation from the warrior (samurai) class, and financial difficult...
t. e. Shogun (将軍, shōgun, Japanese: [ɕoːɡɯɴ] ( listen); English: / ˈʃoʊɡʌn / SHOH-gun) was the title of the military dictators of Japan during most of the period spanning from 1185 to 1868. Nominally appointed by the Emperor, shoguns were usually the de facto rulers of the country, though during part of the Kamakura period shoguns were themselves ...
Minamoto no Yoritomo, the first shogun (1192–1199) of the Kamakura shogunate. In the early 11th century, daimyō protected by samurai came to dominate internal Japanese politics. Two of the most powerful families – the Taira and Minamoto – fought for control over the declining imperial court.
Originally, the title of Sei-i Taishōgun ("Commander-in-Chief of the Expeditionary Force Against the Barbarians") was given to military commanders during the early Heian period for the duration of military campaigns against the Emishi, who resisted the governance of the Kyoto -based imperial court. Ōtomo no Otomaro was the first Sei-i Taishōgun. The most famous of these shoguns was Sakanoue no Tamuramaro .
A retired Prime Minister who still wields considerable power and influence behind the scenes is called a "shadow shogun" (闇将軍, yami shōgun), a sort of modern incarnation of the cloistered rule. Examples of "shadow shoguns" are former Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka and the politician Ichirō Ozawa.
the emperor or tennō (天皇, lit. "Heavenly Sovereign"), who acted as "chief priest" of the official religion of the country, Shinto, and 2. the shogun, head of the ar my who also enjoyed civil, military, diplomatic and judicial authority. Although in theory the shogun was an emperor's servant, it became the true power behind the throne.
The term bakufu (幕府, "tent government") originally meant the dwelling and household of a shogun, but in time, became a metonym for the system of government dominated by a feudal military dictatorship, exercised in the name of the shogun or by the shogun himself. Therefore, various bakufu held absolute power over the country (territory ruled at that time) without pause from 1192 to 1867, glossing over actual power, clan and title transfers.
The administration of a shogun is called bakufu (幕府) in Japanese and literally means "government from the maku [ ja] .". During the battles, the head of the samurai army used to be sitting in a scissor chair inside a semi-open tent called maku that exhibited its respective mon or blazon.
Shogunate and domains. The bakuhan system ( bakuhan taisei 幕藩体制) was the feudal political system in the Edo period of Japan. Baku is an abbreviation of bakufu, meaning "military government"—that is, the shogunate. The han were the domains headed by daimyō.
The Tokugawa shogunate was established by Tokugawa Ieyasu after victory at the Battle of Sekigahara, ending the civil wars of the Sengoku period following the collapse of the Ashikaga shogunate.
v. t. e. The Tokugawa shogunate ( / ˌtɒkuːˈɡɑːwə /, Japanese 徳川幕府 Tokugawa bakufu ), also known as the Edo shogunate (江戸幕府, Edo bakufu), was the feudal military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868.
Notwithstanding its eventual overthrow in favour of the more modernized, less feudal form of governance of the Meiji Restoration, the Tokugawa shogunate oversaw the longest period of peace and stability in Japan's history, lasting well over 260 years.
The number of daimyos varied but stabilized at around 270.
The tri-metallic Tokugawa coinage system based on copper Mon, silver Bu and Shu, as well as gold Ryō. The Tokugawa shogunate ( / ˌtɒkuːˈɡɑːwə /, Japanese 徳川幕府 Tokugawa bakufu ), also known as the Edo shogunate (江戸幕府, Edo bakufu), was the feudal military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868.
Towards the end of the shogunate, the Tokugawa clan held around 7 million koku of land (天領 tenryō), including 2.6-2.7 million koku held by direct vassals, out of 30 million in the country. The other 23 million koku were held by other daimyos. The number of han (roughly 270) fluctuated throughout the Edo period.
During this close to 250 year period, the rulers, called shoguns, helped keep Japan in a long period of peace, influenced the wealth and power of the emerging merchant class, and helped to increase the number of people living in urban cities.
As a result, Japan's commerce and manufacturing economies were growing, leading to a rise in urban culture. Cities like Kyoto, Osaka, and Edo grew quickly under the Shogunate. Tokugawa Shogunate Society.
Lesson Summary. Let's review. The Tokugawa Shogunate, also known as the Edo Period, was a time of much peace and cultural growth in Japan from 1603 to 1867. The period began when Tokugawa Ieyasu defeated many of the powerful lords who ruled at that time. His greatest victory was the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600.
As the manufacturing industry and the urbanization of Japan increased, daily life in Japan began to favor the merchant class and rely less on the farmers and samurai. While the shoguns did attempt to balance things out financially, they were not successful, and the shogunate began to crumble as a result.
Ieyasu used his victory to consolidate the power of the lords under himself. He was able to rule in this new system from his seat of power in Edo, or modern-day Tokyo. He was named the first official shogun in 1603, thus beginning the Tokugawa Shogunate.
The Tokugawa Shogunate Economy. Japan at this time relied on its agricultural produce. Their primary crop was rice, but Japan also had a stronghold in crops such as sesame seed oil, indigo, sugar cane, mulberry, tobacco, and cotton.
By the 1500s much of the power in Japan was heavily divided, and feudal lords fought among themselves. One lord, Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616), was able to put an end to all the fighting when he won the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600. Ieyasu used his victory to consolidate the power of the lords under himself.
The Shoguns would continue to hold true power in place of the figurehead emperors for most of the next 800 years, until the Meiji "restoration".
Rise of the Shogun - 1185-1199: Minamoto Yoritomo was granted great authority for his valiant efforts (and powerful armies). In 1192, he was appointed Seii Taishogun, thus becoming the first "Shogun". But he did not, in the end, restore true power to the emperors.
Thus, the Minamoto included such famous names as Ashikaga and Takeda, while the Taira clan included Hojo and Chiba, among others. These samurai were important nobles of royal blood, but they had not previously played an important part in the succession to the throne. That was all about to change, however.
Gempei War - 1180-1185: Kiyomori had reached too far. Many of the samurai were alarmed at his gathering of power, and the Imperial family was enraged. In May, Takakura's brother Prince Mochihito beseeched the samurai to help restore the integrity of the imperial household.
He was thus the practical ruler throughout the entire 21-year reign of Toba's father Horikawa, and Toba's 16-year reign!
The shogunate ( bakufu) was the practical power in Japan throughout the late Middle Ages. - Daimyo: (literally, "great name") The lords who served under the Shogun/Emperor. Somewhat like European Dukes.
Minamoto Tameyoshi and Taira Tadamasa were captured and put to death. Ex-emperor Sutoku, also captured, was exiled to the Sanuki province. This cleared the way for Go-Shirakawa to place an emperor named Nijô on the throne... and, of course, begin cloistered rule himself. Heiji Rebellion - 1159: