what is the final stage of the infectious process course hero

What are the stages of infectious disease?

1. STAGES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE: INCUBATION; Time from entrance of pathogen into the body to appearance of first symptoms; during this time  pathogens grow and multiply PRODROME: Time from onset of nonspecific symptoms such as fever, malaise, and fatigue to move specific symptoms ILLNESS: Time during which child demonstrates signs and symptoms ...

What is the final stage of infection called?

The final stage of infection is known as convalescence. During this stage, symptoms resolve, and a person can return to their normal functions. Depending on the severity of the infection, some people may have permanent damage even after the infection resolves.

What are the steps in the infective process?

Steps in infect process ********** STEPS IN THE INFECTIOUS PROCESS ********** PATHOGEN HOST Transmissionof the pathogen to the host The host encounters sufficient numbers of the pathogen via verticalor horizontalroutes Entry of the pathogen into the bodywith or without (+/-) attachment to the skin or mucous membranes

What is a 3rd stage of infection?

3. Illness The third stage of infection is an illness or clinical disease. This stage includes the time when a person shows apparent symptoms of an infectious disease. The symptoms of infection vary widely depending on the underlying cause. In general, people who have an active infection may experience:

What is the final stage of the infectious process?

Convalescence. The final stage of infection is known as convalescence. During this stage, symptoms resolve, and a person can return to their normal functions. Depending on the severity of the infection, some people may have permanent damage even after the infection resolves.

What are the stages of an infectious disease?

The five periods of disease (sometimes referred to as stages or phases) include the incubation, prodromal, illness, decline, and convalescence periods (Figure 2). The incubation period occurs in an acute disease after the initial entry of the pathogen into the host (patient).

What is the acute stage of infection?

Acute infections begin with an incubation period, during which the genomes replicate and the host innate responses are initiated. The cytokines produced early in infection lead to classical symptoms of an acute infection: aches, pains, fever, malaise, and nausea.

Is a stage where the signs and symptoms of disease are most obvious and severe?

Usually, such signs and symptoms are too general to indicate a particular disease. Following the prodromal period is the period of illness, during which the signs and symptoms of disease are most obvious, specific and severe.

What are the 4 stages of infection in order?

10.3B: Disease DevelopmentStages of Disease.STAGE 1: INCUBATION PERIOD.STAGE 2: PRODROMAL PERIOD.STAGE 3: ACUTE PERIOD.STAGE 4: CONVALESCENCE PERIOD.

What are the three phases of infection process?

The different phases in infections include: Infective period. Communicability period.

What are the 6 stages of infection?

No matter the germ, there are six points at which the chain can be broken and a germ can be stopped from infecting another person. The six links include: the infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host.

What is acute stage?

Acute: Early onset of symptoms, the maturation phase has not begun. They are generally in the inflammatory or fibroblastic stage of healing, maybe early maturation.

What is the convalescent stage?

Convalescence is the period in which the body recovers from a serious illness, injury or surgery. Changes to your lifestyle may be needed to make sure the body has enough time and rest to allow a complete recovery.

What are the 4 stages of pathogenesis?

To cause disease, a pathogen must successfully achieve four steps or stages of pathogenesis: exposure (contact), adhesion (colonization), invasion, and infection.

What does the prodromal stage mean?

The term "prodrome " refers to the early stage and symptoms of any condition. Here, a person might notice changes in the way they feel, think, or behave. However, they won't experience symptoms such as disorganized thought or behavior, hallucinations, or delusions.

What are the four stages of natural history of disease?

Events that occur in the natural history of a communicable disease are grouped into four stages: exposure, infection, infectious disease, and outcome (see Figure 1.6).

How do infections progress?

Differences in severity and duration of the stages in disease progression are often of diagnostic value. After initial invasion of the host, there is an incubation period followed by the prodromal period, the period of illness, the period of decline, and finally the period of convalescence before the infection is completely cleared.

What happens during the convalescence stage of a virus?

During this stage, the infected host develops arthritis, heart rhythm disturbances, memory loss, encephalitis, numbness in the extremities, and severe headaches. The period of decline transitions into the convalescence period, which is the stage of the disease process when symptoms disappear. It is considered a recovery period, when host strength ...

What is the prodromal phase of Lyme disease?

In Lyme disease the prodromal phase corresponds to both the early localized and acute disseminated stages of the disease, which are when the symptoms of a skin rash (erythema migrans) and meningeal irritation (headache) become apparent. The host has a generalized feeling of being unwell.

What are the stages of disease?

There are five stages: incubation period, prodromal period, period of illness, period of decline, and period of convalescence. The symptom threshold is the point at which symptoms are apparent.

What is the prodromal phase?

The prodromal phase is the stage of the disease process when symptoms first become apparent. These symptoms are typically unspecific to the pathogen and vague; they may include fever, fatigue, and headaches.

How many stages of infection are there?

There are five stages of infection: incubation. prodromal. illness. decline. convalescence. This article will explain each of the five stages of infection in detail, describing how long they can last and giving examples of infections. It will also highlight what the stages of infection are, specifically in people with HIV. 1.

What happens during the decline stage of the immune system?

During the decline stage, the immun e system mounts a successful defense against the pathogens, and the number of infectious particles decreases. Symptoms will gradually improve. However, a person can develop secondary infections during this stage if the primary infection has weakened their immune system.

What is the prodromal stage?

The prodromal stage refers to the period after incubation and before the characteristic symptoms of infection occur. People can also transmit infections during the prodromal stage. During this stage, the infectious agent continues replicating, which triggers the body’s immune response and mild, nonspecific symptoms.

How long does hepatitis B last?

Certain infections can last several weeks or even years. Symptoms of hepatitis B can last several weeks#N#Trusted Source#N#. It can also develop into a chronic disease if the infection continues for more than 6 months.

What is stage 2 HIV?

Stage 2: Chronic HIV infection. If left untreated, acute HIV infection progresses to chronic HIV, which can last for decades. In chronic HIV, the virus continues to replicate and destroy CD4 cells. People may not experience symptoms at this stage.

What is the last stage of HIV?

The decline stage occurs when the number of infectious microbes declines and symptoms resolve. The final stage is convalescence. During this stage, symptoms disappear, and the body starts to recover. HIV has three stages of infection: acute, chronic, and AIDS. Last medically reviewed on March 3, 2021.

How long does it take for a virus to develop?

The incubation stage occurs right after exposure and before symptoms develop. This stage can range from hours for some infections to days, weeks, or even years for other infections. The next stage is prodromal, which involves mild, nonspecific symptoms.

What are the stages of infectious disease?

Stages of infectious disease. 1. STAGES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE: INCUBATION; Time from entrance of pathogen into the body to appearance of first symptoms; during this time  pathogens grow and multiply PRODROME: Time from onset of nonspecific symptoms such as fever, malaise, and fatigue to move specific symptoms ILLNESS: Time during which child ...

What is the term for an infectious agent?

The infectious agent is called a pathogen. 2. The presence of a pathogen does not mean that an infection will necessarily begin. The development of an infection happens in a cycle that depends on all elements of the cycle being present.

What are the elements of the chain of infection?

There are six elements in the chain of infection: • Infectious agent – A microbial organism with the ability to cause disease. The greater the organism's virulence (ability to grow and multiply), invasiveness (ability to enter tissue) and pathogenicity (ability to cause disease), the greater the possibility that the organism will cause an infection.

How do microorganisms leave the body?

For example, the microorganism may leave the reservoir through the nose or mouth when someone sneezes or coughs. Microorganisms, carried away from the body by feces , may also leave the reservoir of an infected bowel.

What is the host susceptible to?

The host is susceptible to the disease, lacking immunity or physical resistance to overcome the invasion by the pathogenic microorganism. An infection will only develop if this chain stays intact. As nurses we follow infection prevention and control practices to break the chain so that infection will not develop.

What is the definition of infectious disease?

Infectious disease - infection + signs and symptoms. Contamination - presence of a living agent on the exterior of the body or on an article of clothing. Reservoir - the normal habitat where the agent lives and multiplies. It is where the agent propagates itself in nature.

What is a dead end host?

A dead-end host or temporary resting place of the agent is not a reservoir. Carrier - a person or animal that harbor an infectious agent yet manifest no discernible signs of infection. Zoonosis - an infections naturally transmitted between nonhuman animals and humans.

What are the two types of immunity?

There are two types of immunity: innate immunity & acquired immunity. Innate immunity is immunity the host is born with.

What are the components of the immune system?

47 of the text and include: Physical barriers: skin, mucosa, mucus sheaths, respiratory tract cilia, cough and gag reflex.

Can immunity be acquired naturally?

Immunity can be acquired naturally or artificially. In either case, the host is exposed to an antigen (foreign protein), the antigen is recognized, and the host builds a complex immune response to neutralize the antigen. Vaccines artificially expose the host to antigens which then elicit an immune response.