Ethics Management. The School of Applied Psychology Research Ethics Committee accepts applications through our online Ethics Application Form. Prior to completing an application, please consult the UCC Code of Research Conduct to ensure that it is compliant. Only applications submitted via the online portal will be accepted, however applicants ...
Guidance on the Ethics of Research Conducted in UCC in Light of the Covid 19 Pandemic All three UCC ethics sub-committees (AEC, CREC, SREC) are receiving and reviewing applications. Researchers must comply with all standard ethical and regulatory requirements, ensuring always, in line with basic ethical principles, that the benefits from the ...
The UCC’s essential elements address commercial transactions through a single uniform code. Statutory and common law approaches are not applicable in the case of the UCC. This is because states can apply the UCC differently. States can make modifications to the code based on local commercial usages. The UCC is applicable to supplemental ...
Proceed to make payment of the course fee shown with your selected course and the non-refundable registration fee of $2,000 JMD. ( Include the Application ID number) All receipts for all payment (s) must be submitted to the following emails [email protected] and [email protected] before the close of the registration period.
The Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) was established to protect all individuals engaged in business. It was created in order to standardize commerce between states, whether that commerce occurs between individuals or businesses.Feb 8, 2022
As the word "Uniform" in its title suggests, a primary purpose of the UCC is to make business activities more predictable and efficient by making business laws highly consistent across all American states.
The Restatement of the Law Second, Contracts. Which of the following is the reason the Uniform Commercial Code was drafted? Different states had different laws governing contracts which did not result in a smooth flow of interstate commerce.
How does the UCC's obligation of good faith relate to the application of the principles concerning additional terms? -A contract is formed if the offerees response indicates a definite acceptance of the offer, even if the acceptance includes terms additional to or different from those contained in the offer.
The UCC helps promote uniformity among state laws, which is often useful in commercial sales as goods are frequently purchased and shipped across state lines. The UCC often comes into play when addressingbreach of contractand related civil litigation rising from the sale of goods.Oct 12, 2015
The uniform commercial code (UCC) is a set of laws governing sales and commercial transactions. [1] The purpose of any uniform code is to create a standard body of law across multiple jurisdictions.
Every U.S. state and the District of Columbia have adopted at least part of the UCC (though it has not been adopted as federal law). Each jurisdiction, however, may make its own modifications (Louisiana has never adopted Article 2), and may organize its version of the UCC differently.Mar 11, 2022
Article 2 of the UCC deals with the sale of goods. “Goods” means all things, including specially manufactured goods, which are tangible and moveable at the time of identification to the contract for sale. This includes unborn animals, growing crops and other identified things attached to realty.
After years of failing to revise its Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), New York finally adopted modern versions of UCC Articles 1, 7 and 9 in a bill signed by Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo in late December 2014. See 2014 Sess.Feb 17, 2015
honesty in fact in the conduct orfaith." In Article 1, good faith is defined as "honesty in fact in. the conduct or transaction concerned;"29 in Article 2, for mer- chants, good faith means "honesty in fact and the observance of. reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing in the trade.""0.
Under UCC, § 1-201(20), “'[g]ood faith' . . . means honesty in fact and the observance of reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing.” Presumably, the UCC's concept of usage of trade imparts some content to “reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing.” Nevertheless (and arguably as a result), those standards ...Mar 23, 2017
(b) "Good faith" in the case of a merchantmeans honesty in fact and the observance of reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing in the trade.
UEC has the following key responsibilities. To develop policy and procedures governing ethics in research and research conduct. To make recommendations to Academic Council to ensure the effective operation of ethics governance structures at UCC. To establish and oversee ethics sub-committees.
Ethics review is required for any project, which involves engagement with human subjects, either face- to- face or online. This guidance relates only to additional requirements associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.
All three UCC ethics sub-committees (A EC, CREC, SREC) are receiving and reviewing applications. Researchers must comply with all standard ethical and regulatory requirements, ensuring always, in line with basic ethical principles, that the benefits from the research outweigh any risks.
Researchers are strongly advised not to conduct face- to- face research if possible and to use other modes of data collection, if appropriate, given the nature of the study. Please see https://www.ucc.ie/en/research/support/researchbusinesscontinuitysupports/ for more information.
The UEC is a committee of Academic Council and it reports annually both to Academic Council and to Governing Body. The chair of UEC is Dr. Elizabeth Kiely of the School of Applied Social Studies.
Copyright law provides a very significant legal tool for use in protecting computer software, both before a security breach and certainly after a security breach. This type of breach could deal with the misappropriation of data, computer programs, documentation, or similar material.
Under the UCC, an express warranty is an affirmation or promise of product quality to the buyer and becomes a part of the basis of the bargain. Promises and affirmations made by the software developer to the user about the nature and quality of the program can also be classified as an express warranty. Programmers or retailers possess the right to define express warranties. Thus, they have to be realistic when they state any claims and predictions about the capabilities, quality, and nature of their software or hardware. They should consider the legal aspects of their affirmative promises, their product demonstrations, and their product description. Every word they say may be as legally effective as though stated in writing. Thus, to protect against liability, all agreements should be in writing. A disclaimer of express warranties can free a supplier from being held responsible for any informal, hypothetical statements or predictions made during the negotiation stages.
Security problems with which an organization may have to deal include: responsible decision-making, confidentiality, privacy, piracy, fraud & misuse, liability, copyright, trade secrets, and sabotage. It is easy to sensationalize these topics with real horror stories; it is more difficult to deal with the underlying ethical issues involved.
The computer can be the object of attack in computer crimes such as the unauthorized use of computer facilities, alternation or destruction of information, data file sabotage, and vandalism against a computer system. Computers have been shot, stabbed, short-circuited, and bombed.
The foundations of all secure systems are the moral principles and practices and the professional standards of all employees of the organization, i.e., while people are part of the solution, they are also most of the problem. The following issues are examples of security problems that an organization may have to deal with:
Computers can be used symbolically to intimidate, deceive or defraud victims. Attorneys, government agencies, and businesses increasingly use mounds of computer generated data quite legally to confound their audiences. Criminals also find useful phony invoices, bills, and checks generated by the computer.
The United States, United Kingdom, Australia, and other countries have now amended or revised their copyright legislation to provide explicit laws to protect computer programs. Copyright law in the United States is governed by the Copyright Act of 1976 that preempted the field from the states.
The UCC is applicable in sales, leases, negotiable instruments, bank deposits, funds transfers, letters of credit, bulk transfers and bulk sales, warehouse receipts, bills of lading and other documents of title, investment securities, and secured transactions of commercial transactions.
In some circumstances, the UCC has been held not to be applicable to a franchise. This is because the code does not apply outside the sale of goods. Provisions of Article 3 of the UCC govern negotiable instruments.
The UCC was developed to address two growing problems in U.S. business. The increasingly unmanageable legal and contractual requirements of doing business and the differences in state laws that made it difficult for business people from different states to do business with one another. The UCC’s essential elements address commercial transactions ...
The Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) is a large body of regulations that governs commercial business transactions. Generally, the UCC deals with transactions of personal property but not of real property. The code was first published in 1952.
Article 2 of the UCC deals with transaction of goods. It does not apply to any transaction intended to operate only as a security transaction. However, the Article does not impair or repeal any statute regulating sales to consumers, farmers or other specified classes of buyers.
The bodies of law include common law and equity. However, the UCC is now the primary source of commercial law rules. The UCC is given the effect of law only when states adopt it. The states in the U.S. can make variations in the UCC as desired before implementing it as law.
The Article deals with secured transactions, sales of accounts, and chattel paper. Article 9 has supplanted a number of earlier laws, including the Uniform Trust Receipts Act, the Uniform Conditional Sales Act, and the Uniform Chattel Mortgage Act.
UCC Executive Certificate Course. Click on the name of the course you want to apply for, scroll down and click the Apply Online button to complete the application form. (A copy of your ID can be attached) After submitting your application, make a note of your Application ID number.
Current UCC students are exempt. Payment is to be completed in full by August 31, 2021, for courses with a start date of September 5-11, 2021. Registration Fee ($2,000 JMD) alone will not guarantee a space in the class beyond the close of the registration period (August 31, 2021).
Finally, an author is usually involved in drafting or revising the manuscript, as well as approving the submitted manuscript. Data collection, editing of grammar and language, and other routine works by itself, do not deserve an authorship. It is crucial to decide early on in the planning of a research who will be credited as authors, ...
Research is the pillar of knowledge, and it constitutes an integral part of progress. In the fast-expanding field of biomedical research , this has improved the quality and quantity of life. Historically, medical doctors have been in the privileged position to carry out research , especially in clinical research which involves people.
But no such research has ever been done locally! HRT has been proven to be effective in relieving vasomotor symptoms in many well-designed studies. It is inappropriate for the researcher to repeat an established therapy which may potentially cause harm to them (e.g. deep vein thrombosis and breast cancer).
Data analysis. It is the responsibility of the researcher to analyse the data appropriately. Although inappropriate analysis does not necessarily amount to misconduct, intentional omission of result may cause misinterpretation and mislead the readers. Fabrication and falsification of data do constitute misconduct.
Research ethics matter for scientific integrity, human rights and dignity, and collaboration between science and society. These principles make sure that participation in studies is voluntary, informed, and safe for research subjects.
Before you start any study involving data collection with people, you’ll submit your research proposal to an institutional review board (IRB).
There are several ethical issues you should always pay attention to in your research design, and these issues can overlap with each other.
Voluntary participation means that all research subjects are free to choose to participate without any pressure or coercion.
Informed consent refers to a situation in which all potential participants receive and understand all the information they need to decide whether they want to participate. This includes information about the study’s benefits, risks, funding, and institutional approval.
Anonymity means that you don’t know who the participants are and you can’t link any individual participant to their data.
Confidentiality means that you know who the participants are, but you remove all identifying information from your report.
In general, a problem arises when the company’s interests are used to outweigh societal or business norms and law. Compliance ethical issues in business are often tied to companies straying from the way they are legally responsible for conducting business.
Governance. The list of ethical issues in corporate governance can overlap with compliance, but it extends to defying the rules to ensure the company is ethically operating. Governance includes following the rule of law and running the company transparently and efficiently.
Should an instance occur, the result could be financial and reputational devastation. Though discrimination and harassment laws have been put in place and continue to be updated, thousands of businesses see complaints levied against them each year. According to the United States’ Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), there were 72,675 charges filed in 2019 alone, potentially costing heavy financial losses.
This list of ethical problems includes behavior that creates a hostile work environment, such as teasing, inappropriate sexual behavior and even verbal or physical abuse by a supervisor, co-worker or non-employee. The bullying of an employee with a physical or mental disability would be an example of workplace harassment.
Theft is not, however, strictly committed by customers. According to CBS News, companies can lose 5% of their annual revenue to employee theft and fraud. Independent studies have indicated that 34% of company losses can be attributed to employee theft. It is not just stealing inventory.
Workplace Discrimination. Discrimination can be any treatment that negatively affects an employee in a protected class when it comes to the job itself. This includes hiring and retention practices, compensation, advancement opportunities, training and reasonable accommodations, among other workplace treatment.
In the accounting realm, one of the most infamous ethical issues in business examples is the Enron scandal in 2001.
In many countries, copyright legislation is amended or revised to provide explicit laws to protect computer programs. Trade secrets is also a significant ethical issue in information technology.
Some of the major ethical issues faced by Information Technology (IT) are: 1. Personal Privacy 2. Access Right 3. Harmful Actions 4. Patents 5. Copyright 6. Trade Secrets 7.
Liability: One should be aware of the liability issue in making ethical decisions. Software developer makes promises and assertions to the user about the nature and quality of the product that can be restricted as an express warranty. Programmers or retailers possess the legitimate to determine the express warranties.
These are explained with their affects as following below: It is an important aspect of ethical issues in information technology. IT facilitates the users having their own hardware, operating system and software tools to access the servers that are connected to each other and to the users by a network.
Harmful actions in the computer ethics refers to the damage or negative consequences to the IT such as loss of important information, loss of property, loss of ownership, destruction of property and undesirable substantial impacts. This principle of ethical conduct restricts any outsiders from the use of information technology in manner which leads ...
Trade secrets is also a significant ethical issue in information technology. A trade secret secures something of value and usefulness. This law protects the private aspects of ideas which is known only to the discover or his confidants. Once disclosed, trade secret is lost as such and is only protected by the law for trade secrets.
Information Technology specifies to the components that are used to store, fetch and manipulate the information at the minimum level with the server having an operating system. Information Technology have a wide area of applications in education, business, health, industries, banking sector and scientific research at a large level. With the leading advancement in information technology, it is necessary to have the knowledge of security issues, privacy issues and main negative impacts of IT. To deal with these issues in IT society it is important to find out the ethical issues.