Who invented the transistor radio?
The Regency TR-1 is patented by Richard C. Koch, US 2892931 , former Project Engineer of I.D.E.A. In February 1955, the second transistor radio, the 8-TP-1, was introduced by Raytheon. It was a larger portable transistor radio, including an expansive four-inch speaker and four additional transistors (the TR-1 used only four).
What was the most popular electronic communication device of the 1960s?
The transistor radio went on to become the most popular electronic communication device of the 1960s and 1970s. Billions of transistor radios are estimated to have been sold worldwide between the 1950s and 2012.
Who invented the first portable radio?
Howard Armstrong's Portable Radio. At Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, NJ, John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley invented the transistor.
What is the best book on transistor radio technology?
The Transistor Radio Handbook: Theory, Circuitry, and Equipment. Editors and Engineers, Ltd. page 32 ^ a b c d e f g h i j k David Lane & Robert Lane (1994). Transistor Radios: A Collector's Encyclopedia and Price Guide. Wallace-Homestead Book Company. pp. 2–7. ISBN 0-87069-712-9. ^ Deffree, Suzanne (17 October 2017).
Which company invented transistor radio?
Bell Laboratories demonstrated the first transistor on December 23, 1947. The scientific team at Bell Laboratories responsible for the solid-state amplifier included William Shockley, Walter Houser Brattain, and John Bardeen.
Which company invented the transistor radio in 1952?
RCARCA had demonstrated a prototype transistor radio as early as 1952, and it is likely that they and the other radio makers were planning transistor radios of their own, but Texas Instruments and Regency Division of I.D.E.A., were the first to offer a production model starting in October 1954.
When was transistor radio initially introduced to the market for sale?
Jointly produced by Texas Instruments and TV accessory manufacturer IDEA (Industrial Development Engineering Associates) Corp, the TR-1 was the first consumer device to employ transistors.
Who invented transistor radio 1947?
Building on war-time research, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain, working with group leader William Shockley, developed a device they called a transistor. The first laboratory demonstration took place on 23 December 1947. Bell publicly announced the new invention on 30 June 1948.
When did transistor radios become popular?
Although wildly popular since the mid-50's, the Japanese-made transistor radio experienced exponential sales growth in the mid-60's, as inexpensive off-brands proliferated. While 5.5 million sets had been sold in the U.S. in 1962, by 1963 that number nearly doubled to 10 million.
Who invented the transistor and when?
Three persons, Walter Brattain, John Bardeen and William Shockley, shared the Nobel Prize in Physics for the breakthrough that they achieved on December 23, 1947. In certain respects, a fourth person was responsible for the transistor being discovered at that time.
When was the first radio invented?
Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi (pictured at right) first developed the idea of a radio, or wireless telegraph, in the 1890s. His ideas took shape in 1895 when he sent a wireless Morse Code message to a source more than a kilometer away.
What does a transistor radio do?
The transistor radio is a compact, portable radio that uses a transistor radio receiver to receive and amplify radio sound waves. The development of the transistor radio in the late 1940s and 1950s revolutionized radio electronics.
What is a transistor used for?
A transistor can act as a switch or gate for electronic signals, opening and closing an electronic gate many times per second. It ensures the circuit is on if the current is flowing and switched off if it isn't. Transistors are used in complex switching circuits that comprise all modern telecommunications systems.
Who invented the industry changing transistor?
The three physicists who invented the transistor; William Shockley, John Bardeen, and Walter Brattain were awarded with the Nobel Prize. Considering the inventions that the transistor paved the way for, one could argue that it was the most important invention of the twentieth century.
How was transistor invented?
His breakthrough was what they needed. Without telling Shockley about the changes they were making to the investigation, Bardeen and Brattain worked on. On December 16, 1947, they built the point-contact transistor, made from strips of gold foil on a plastic triangle, pushed down into contact with a slab of germanium.
Who invented the first junction transistor?
William ShockleyThe first bipolar junction transistors were invented by Bell Labs' William Shockley, which applied for patent (2,569,347) on June 26, 1948.
What was on the radio in the 1950s?
Radio, which had been America's favorite form of at-home amusement, declined in importance in the 1950s. Variety, comedy, and dramatic shows left the airwaves for TV. Radio increasingly focused on news, talk shows, and sports broadcasting.
When was the first radio invented?
Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi (pictured at right) first developed the idea of a radio, or wireless telegraph, in the 1890s. His ideas took shape in 1895 when he sent a wireless Morse Code message to a source more than a kilometer away.
Who invented the first junction transistor?
William ShockleyThe first bipolar junction transistors were invented by Bell Labs' William Shockley, which applied for patent (2,569,347) on June 26, 1948.
What was the name of the world's first pocket transistor radio?
The Regency TR-1 was the first commercially manufactured transistor radio, introduced in 1954. Despite mediocre performance, about 150,000 units were sold, due to the novelty of its small size and portability.
What company made the transistor radio?
With this radio, Sony became the first company to manufacture the transistors and other components they used to construct the radio. The TR-55 was also the first transistor radio to utilize all miniature components. It is estimated that only 5,000 to 10,000 units were produced. Advertising for TR-63.
Why were transistor radios so successful?
Transistor radios were extremely successful because of three social forces — a large number of young people due to the post–World War II baby boom, a public with disposable income amidst a period of prosperity, and the growing popularity of rock 'n' roll music. The influence of the transistor radio during this period is shown by its appearance in popular films, songs, and books of the time, such as the movie Lolita.
How much did a transistor radio cost?
Prior to the Regency TR-1, transistors were difficult to produce. Only one in five transistors that were produced worked as expected (only a 20% yield) and as a result the price remained extremely high. When it was released in 1954, the Regency TR-1 cost $49.95 (equivalent to $482 today) and sold about 150,000 units. Raytheon and Zenith Electronics transistor radios soon followed and were priced even higher. In 1955, Raytheon's 8-TR-1 was priced at $80 (equivalent to $773 today). By November 1956 a transistor radio small enough to wear on the wrist and a claimed battery life of 100 hours cost $29.95.
How many transistor radios were made in 1959?
By 1959, in the United States market, there were more than six million transistor radio sets produced by Japanese companies that represented $62 million in revenue. The success of transistor radios led to transistors replacing vacuum tubes as the dominant electronic technology in the late 1950s.
What is transistor radio?
A classic Emerson transistor radio, circa 1958. A transistor radio is a small portable radio receiver that uses transistor -based circuitry. Following the invention of the transistor in 1947—which revolutionized the field of consumer electronics by introducing small but powerful, convenient hand-held devices—the Regency TR-1 was released in 1954 ...
When did transistor radios become popular?
The mass-market success of the smaller and cheaper Sony TR-63, released in 1957, led to the transistor radio becoming the most popular electronic communication device of the 1960s and 1970s. Transistor radios are still commonly used as car radios.
How many units did the TR-63 sell?
The TR-63 was the first transistor radio to sell in the millions, leading to the mass-market penetration of transistor radios. The TR-63 went on to sell seven million units worldwide by the mid-1960s. With the visible success of the TR-63, Japanese competitors such as Toshiba and Sharp Corporation joined the market.
When was transistor radio invented?
When one thinks of the most significant dates in our technological development, October 18, 1954 doesn't pop up there at the top of the list. It should; 60 years ago the first portable transistor radio went on sale. The Regency TR1 was the first consumer device to use transistors. According to Fortune Magazine, " If you owned one, you were the coolest thing on two legs."
When did portable radios come out?
Sony, who is often credited with developing the first portable radio, didn't come out with theirs until 1957 . Don Pies Regency TR1 Website /via. It didn't take long for transistors to take over and for them to shrink down to integrated circuits to the point where you can now get an entire Radio Shack in an iPhone.
Was the iPod modeled after the TR1?
It is interesting, reading on the Regency website that a few years back some claimed that the iPod was modeled on the TR1. I had always thought that Dieter Rams of Braun was the big influence. However, lining up the Regency, Rams' radio and the iPod, it really does look like an evolution of design thinking.
What is transistor in electrical?
Transistor name is quite familiar for everyone, because we have heard about it often. Transistor is a switching device which regulates and amplifies the electrical signal likes voltage or current. It transfers a weak signal from low resistance circuit to high resistance circuit.
What is Torex transistor?
Torex has dedicated manufacturer, which work on development needs of electronic devices. Torex carries a long-term expertise in providing transistors. Torex transistors helps the performance of their products has a reputation for excellence in every field. Torex has been expanding its offering of transistors to explore new market. The transistors of Torex are high-rel, optimized for new gen technologies and customer demand.
What is analog device?
Analog Devices has been addressing today’s customer needs through offering a wide portfolio of transistors. Analog Devices has been helping to ease the design process of engineers through catering variable transistor technologies.
What is advanced linear devices?
Advanced Linear Devices designs, develops and manufactures precision CMOS analog integrated circuits for OEMs. Advanced Linear Devices is also a keading player in transistors. Advanced Linear Devices transistor are used in various applications today and has been innovating to address new market demands.
What is Toshiba Group?
Toshiba Group provides products and services encompassing across different market verticals. One of its key focuses for years has been providing Transistors. Toshiba’s transistors are today used in different market. Helping innovation to reality Toshiba transistors has made new age technology a reality. The transistors of Toshiba shall be of major focus in the coming days.
What is TE Connectivity?
TE Connectivity provides solution that power electric vehicles, aircraft, digital factories, and smart homes. It is known to be one of the best transistor manufacturers in the world. TE Connectivity brings along a vast experience in developing transistors and catering it to the market. It has a large market share in the transistors business.
What is Central Electronics Limited?
Central Electronics Limited is a company which comes under Department of Scientific & Industrial Research (DSIR), Ministry of Science & Technology, Government of India. CEL has developed a number of products for the first time in the country through its own R&D efforts and in close association with the premier National & International Laboratories including Defence Laboratories. CEL is also known for its wide expertise and innovation in the transistor technology. With make in India CEL is committed to advance further in transistor technology.
Overview
A transistor radio is a small portable radio receiver that uses transistor-based circuitry. Following the invention of the transistor in 1947—which revolutionized the field of consumer electronics by introducing small but powerful, convenient hand-held devices—the Regency TR-1 was released in 1954 becoming the first commercial transistor radio. The mass-market success of the smaller and che…
Background
Before the transistor was invented, radios used vacuum tubes. Although portable vacuum tube radios were produced, they were typically bulky and heavy. The need for a low voltage high current source to power the filaments of the tubes and high voltage for the anode potential typically required two batteries. Vacuum tubes were also inefficient and fragile compared to transist…
Early commercial transistor radios
Two companies working together, Texas Instruments of Dallas, and Industrial Development Engineering Associates (I.D.E.A.) of Indianapolis, Indiana, were behind the unveiling of the Regency TR-1, the world's first commercially produced transistor radio. Previously, Texas Instruments was producing instrumentation for the oil industry and locating devices for the U.S. Navy and I…
Japanese transistor radios
While on a trip to the United States in 1952, Masaru Ibuka, founder of Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation (now Sony), discovered that AT&T was about to make licensing available for the transistor. Ibuka and his partner, physicist Akio Morita, convinced the Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) to finance the $25,000 licensing fee (equivalent to $255,10…
Pricing
Prior to the Regency TR-1, transistors were difficult to produce. Only one in five transistors that were produced worked as expected (only a 20% yield) and as a result the price remained extremely high. When it was released in 1954, the Regency TR-1 cost $49.95 (equivalent to $505 today) and sold about 150,000 units. Raytheon and Zenith Electronics transistor radios soon followed and were priced even higher. In 1955, Raytheon's 8-TR-1 was priced at $80 (equivalent t…
In popular culture
Transistor radios were extremely successful because of three social forces — a large number of young people due to the post–World War II baby boom, a public with disposable income amidst a period of prosperity, and the growing popularity of rock 'n' roll music. The influence of the transistor radio during this period is shown by its appearance in popular films, songs, and books of the ti…
Rise of portable audio players
Since the 1980s, the popularity of radio-only portable devices declined with the rise of portable audio players which allowed users to carry and listen to tape-recorded music. This began in the late 1970s with boom boxes and portable cassette players such as the Sony Walkman, followed by portable CD players. A common type now is the portable digital audio player. This type of device is a popular choice with listeners who are dissatisfied with terrestrial music radio because of a limi…
See also
• Broadcasting
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