The Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium (VLE) unit are used to carried out the experiment. A mixture of methanol-water with known composition is initially fed into the evaporator. When the heater is switched on, the mixture will start to boil. The mixture vapour will rise up and will be cooled down by the condenser at the top of the evaporator.
The VLE diagram will show the Bubble Point, first drop of liquid mixture begins to vaporize, and the Dew Point, the first point gaseous start to condense into liquid form. Based on the data recorded, the point can be plot and eventually a line can be obtained.
The graph x-y diagram is construct as Vapour at axis X and Liquid at axis Y. The VLE diagram will show the Bubble Point, first drop of liquid mixture begins to vaporize, and the Dew Point, the first point gaseous start to condense into liquid form. Based on the data recorded, the point can be plot and eventually a line can be obtained.
Magnets produce a magnetic field of 8.33 tesla to keep particle beams on course around the LHC's 27-kilometre ring. A current of 11,850 amps in the magnet coils is needed to reach magnetic fields of this amplitude.
The layout of the LHC magnet cooling system is based on five "cryogenic islands" which distribute the cooling fluid and convey kilowatts of cooling power over several kilometres.
Helium was a natural choice of coolant as its properties allow components to be kept cool over long distances. At atmospheric pressure gaseous helium becomes liquid at around 4.2 K (-269.0°C). However, if cooled below 2.17 K (-271.0°C), it passes from the fluid to the superfluid state.
The purpose of this experiment using Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium is to construct an equilibrium curve for methanol and water system at atmosphere pressure. The mixture of methanol and water is fed into the evaporator. After the heater is on, the mixture is left to boil.
According to the phase rule, the condition of two phase system, when two intensive properties are specified, the extensive properties may be differed. But, in equilibrium, the intensive properties will be counted. In this experiment, we use water and methanol which both are in pure substance and in binary mixtures.
Valve V10 is opened to increase the cooling water flow rate through the condenser. 3. Valve V11 is opened to allow the cooling water to flow through the cooling coil in the evaporator. 4. The temperature at the unit is waited to drop to below 50⁰C.
From the data that we obtain, the composition of methanol in vapor is higher than the liquid. The composition of methanol in vapor and liquid is increase when the volume of methanol is also increase. When the objective of this experiment was achieved, it can be concluded that this experiment was successfully done.