the shoulder & knee course: what they don't teach you in school, kevin wilk

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What to know about the shoulder

• Shoulder definition. The shoulder is a complex area of the body that is freely moveable due to the combination of structures that comprise it.
• Anatomy. ...
• Shoulder function. ...
• Bones and joints of the shoulder. ...
• Muscles of the shoulder. ...
• Conditions that affect the shoulder. ...
• Tips for shoulder health
• Summary. ...

What are the different parts of the shoulder?

The Anatomy of the Rotator Cuff

• Anatomy. Supraspinatus: The supraspinatus muscle originates above the spine of the shoulder blade and inserts on the greater tuberosity of the humerus.
• Function. ...
• Associated Conditions. ...
• Rehabilitation. ...
• A Word From Verywell. ...

What are the four muscles of the shoulder?

Shoulder Muscles

• Movements at the shoulder joint. The shoulder has a huge range of movement compared to the hip, or other joints. ...
• Subscapularis muscle. The subscapularis muscle is one of the four rotator cuff muscles. ...
• Latissimus dorsi. ...
• Infraspinatus. ...
• Teres Minor. ...
• Teres Major. ...
• Supraspinatus. ...
• Deltoid. ...
• Pectoralis Major. ...

What muscles are used in the shoulder?

• Function: Resists dislocation of the shoulder, flexion of the forearm, supination of the forearm
• Origin: Short head: coracoid process Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and superior labrum
• Insertion: Radial tuberosity of radius and forearm fascia (as bicipital aponeurosis)
• Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)

What are the 4 joints of the shoulder?

What is the shoulder?

The shoulder is made up of three bones: the scapula (shoulder blade), clavicle (collarbone) and humerus (upper arm bone). Two joints in the shoulder allow it to move: the acromioclavicular joint, where the highest point of the scapula (acromion) meets the clavicle, and the glenohumeral joint.

What is the shoulder of the body called?

The human shoulder is made up of three bones: the clavicle (collarbone), the scapula (shoulder blade), and the humerus (upper arm bone) as well as associated muscles, ligaments and tendons. The articulations between the bones of the shoulder make up the shoulder joints....ShoulderFMA25202Anatomical terminology8 more rows

What are parts of your shoulder?

Your shoulder is made up of three bones: your upper arm bone (humerus), your shoulder blade (scapula), and your collarbone (clavicle). The head of your upper arm bone fits into a rounded socket in your shoulder blade. This socket is called the glenoid.

How many shoulders do we have?

Anatomy of the Shoulder Muscles Explained Muscles, tendons, and ligaments combine to keep your arm bone in your shoulder socket. They also protect the main shoulder joint, the glenohumeral. About eight shoulder muscles attach to the shoulder blade (scapula), upper arm (humerus), and collar bone (clavicle).

What is the back of the shoulder called?

Scapula: More commonly known as the shoulder blade, the scapula is a flat triangular bone located in the upper back.

What are the 5 joints of the shoulder?

Joints[edit | edit source]Glenohumeral Joint,Acromioclavicular Joint.Sternoclavicular Joint.Scapulothoracic Joint.

What are the main muscles of the shoulder?

The primary muscle group that supports the shoulder joint is the rotator cuff muscles. The four rotator cuff muscles are the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis.

What are 3 common shoulder injuries?

Common Injuries of the ShoulderShoulder instability. Shoulder instability happens most often in young people and athletes. ... Rotator cuff tear. The rotator cuff is a group of 4 muscles of the upper arm. ... Frozen shoulder. This extreme stiffness in the shoulder can happen at any age. ... Overuse/strains. ... Arthritis.

What is the front part of the shoulder called?

clavicleThe clavicle is the only bony attachment between the trunk and the upper limb. It forms the front portion of the shoulder girdle and is palpable along its entire length with a gentle S-shaped contour. The clavicle articulates at one end with the sternum (chest bone) and with the acromion of the scapula at the other.

What is the main function of the shoulder?

Your shoulder muscles support and stabilize the most flexible joint in your body. They help you perform a wide range of movements, from brushing your hair to throwing a ball. Since we use our shoulder muscles so much, they're prone to injuries.

What are the 4 main bones of the shoulder?

Anatomy 101: Shoulder BonesScapula: Another name for this bone is the shoulder blade. ... Clavicle: This bone is also referred to as the collar bone. ... Acromion: This bone is a flat projection of the scapula that gives the shoulder its square shape.Coracoid Process: This bone is also a projection of the scapula.More items...•

Is shoulder part of the arm?

The upper arm includes the shoulder as well as the area between the shoulder and elbow joint. The bones of the upper arm include the: Scapula. The scapula is also called the shoulder blade.

What is the capsule of the shoulder?

The joint capsule surrounds the shoulder joint. It is a fluid filled sac that lubricates the joint. It is made up of ligaments. Ligaments are soft tissue that holds bone to bone. Shoulder injuries can occur to any part of the shoulder.

What are the joints of the shoulder?

The shoulder is made up of two joints, the acromioclavicular joint and the glenohumeral joint . The acromiocla vicular joint is where the acromion, part of the shoulder blade (scapula) and the collar bone (clavicle) meet.

What is the glenoid in the rotator cuff?

The muscles of the rotator cuff keep the humerus tightly in the socket. The socket, or the glenoid, is shallow and flat. It is rimmed with soft tissue called the labrum that makes a deeper socket that molds to fit the humeral head. The joint capsule surrounds the shoulder joint. It is a fluid filled sac that lubricates the joint.

What joint connects the scapula and the humerus?

The glenohumeral joint is where the ball (humeral head) and the socket (the glenoid) meet. The rotator cuff connects the humerus to the scapula and is made up of the tendons of four muscles, the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and the subscapularis. Tendons attach muscle to bone.

What is the collection of muscles and tendons in the shoulder called?

The collection of muscles and tendons in the shoulder is known as the rotator cuff. It stabilizes the shoulder and holds the head of the humerus in the glenoid, a shallow cavity in the scapula. The muscles of the rotator cuff include the suprasinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis.

Which joint forms the highest point of the shoulder and provides the ability to raise the arm above the head?

It is surrounded by soft tissue and strengthened by fibrous ligaments. Acromioclavicular (AC) joint: This joint forms the highest point of the shoulder and provides the ability to raise the arm above the head. The meeting of the scapula and clavicle forms it.

What is the name of the joint that connects the clavicle to the sternum?

Sternoclavicular joint: This joint is at the center of the chest where the clavicle meets the sternum. It allows the clavicles to move. Each joint is surrounded by: tendons, to attach the muscles to the bones. The collection of muscles and tendons in the shoulder is known as the rotator cuff.

Where is the scapula located?

Scapula: More commonly known as the shoulder blade, the scapula is a flat triangular bone located in the upper back. It connects with the collarbone at the front of the body. Humerus: The largest bone of the arm, the humerus connects to the scapula and clavicle in the shoulder. The head of the bone has a ball-like knob to create a ball-and-socket ...

What is the joint that provides the widest range of motion?

Shoulder . The shoulder is a complex combination of bones and joints where many muscles act to provide the widest range of motion of any part of the body. Numerous muscles help stabilize the three joints of the shoulder while giving it motion.

Which bones are 90 degrees?

At the shoulder, three major bones meet and create a 90-degree angle: Clavicle: Also known as the collarbone, the clavicle extends across the front of the shoulder from the sternum to the scapula. It helps stabilize the shoulder’s movements. Scapula: More commonly known as the shoulder blade, the scapula is a flat triangular bone located in ...

What is the capsule of the shoulder?

Shoulder Capsule. The shoulder capsule surrounds the ball-and-socket part of the shoulder joint. The capsule separates the joint from the rest of the body and contains the joint fluid. Several ligaments make up parts of the joint capsule, and these ligaments are important in keeping the shoulder joint in proper position.

Where does shoulder motion occur?

Most shoulder motion occurs at the ball-and-socket glenohumeral joint, but for full motion of the shoulder, the acromioclavicular joint must also be functioning normally.

What is the purpose of labrum in shoulder?

The socket of the shoulder joint is shallow, and the labrum gives the socket more depth, and thus more stability. The labrum also serves as the attachment of a major tendon in the shoulder, the biceps tendon. Labral tears in the shoulder can cause pain, instability of the joint, or both. Labral tears are usually classified based on their location.

What is the scapula called?

Shoulder blade ( scapula) Collarbone (clavicle) The scapula has one part that forms a socket for the ball-and-socket shoulder joint; this is called the glenoid. The glenoid is covered with smooth cartilage. Where the rounded top of the arm bone (humerus) contacts the shoulder blade is called the glenohumeral joint.

Why is the rotator cuff important?

The rotator cuff muscles are important in movements of the ball-and-socket shoulder joint. The rotator cuff is important in many routine activities, and when injured can cause severe pain. When the rotator cuff is inflamed or irritated, this is referred to as rotator cuff tendonitis or shoulder bursitis.

What is the joint between the shoulder blade and the arm bone called?

Where the rounded top of the arm bone (humerus) contacts the shoulder blade is called the glenohumeral joint . A second joint on the top of the shoulder is where a different part of the shoulder blade, the acromion, connects to the collarbone. This is called the acromioclavicular joint.

What is the joint between the chest and the upper extremity?

The shoulder joint is the junction between the chest and the upper extremity. Two joints are at the shoulder. The glenohumeral joint is the ball-and-socket junction of the top of the arm bone, and the socket of the shoulder blade. A second joint in the shoulder is the junction of the collar bone with the shoulder blade, ...

What is the anatomy of the shoulder?

Shoulder Anatomy and Function. How a Healthy Shoulder Works. The shoulder’s anatomy is the body’s most flexible joint, as well as the most complex. Its anatomy is made up of three parts: The collarbone, or clavicle. This is a long and thin bone that essentially keeps the upper arm far enough from the shoulder yet still intact in order ...

What is the purpose of the shoulder blade?

Its purpose is to stabilize the humerus, which lies on the outer edge of the shoulder blade. The upper arm bone, or humerus. This is the bone of the upper arm.

What is the function of the tendons in the rotator cuff?

Tendons are durable cords of tissue that attach muscles to the bones, and ligaments attach bones to each other for stability. Holding the upper arm (humerus) to the socket of the shoulder (glenoid fossa) is the job of the rotator cuff, which is made up of four muscles and their tendons.

What is the first step in treating shoulder pain?

An orthopaedic evaluation of your shoulder by a doctor is the first step in treating your joint pain. Based on this diagnosis, you may be recommended: Medication. Physical therapy. Shoulder joint fluid supplements (injections for temporary pain relief) Total shoulder joint replacement surgery.

What joint is the glenohumeral joint?

The glenohumeral joint is also known as the shoulder joint. It’s a ball-and-socket formation that connects the upper arm to the scapula or shoulder blade. It allows free movement of the arm with unrestricted range of motion. Two lesser-known joints also meet at the shoulder, and are less likely to be injured:

What does it mean when your shoulder is stiff?

Here are some things to look out for: Your shoulder feels stiff and you cannot achieve full range of motion. You are unable to perform usual daily activities. Your shoulder feels as if it’s out of place, such as a “popping” or “sliding” feeling in your upper arm.

How many parts of shoulder replacement are there?

The artificial shoulder joint can have either two or three parts depending on the type of surgery required. This will differ from patient to patient.

What are the supporting structures of the shoulder?

These supporting structures attach to the clavicle, humerus, and scapula, the latter providing the glenoid cavity, acromion and coracoid processes. The main joint of the shoulder is the shoulder joint (or glenohumeral joint), between the humerus and the glenoid process of the scapular.

Which muscle covers the shoulder joint?

The deltoid muscle covers the shoulder joint on three sides, arising from the front upper third of the clavicle, the acromion, and the spine of the scapula, and travelling to insert on the deltoid tubercle of the humerus.

What are the bones that support the shoulder?

The shoulder consists of a ball-and-socket joint formed by the humerus and scapula and their surrounding structures - ligaments, muscles, tendons - which support the bones and maintain the relationship of one to another. These supporting structures attach to the clavicle, humerus, and scapula, the latter providing the glenoid cavity, acromion and coracoid processes. The main joint of the shoulder is the shoulder joint (or glenohumeral joint), between the humerus and the glenoid process of the scapular. The acromioclavicular joint and sternoclavicular joint also play a role in shoulder movements. White hyaline cartilage on the ends of the bones (called articular cartilage) allows the bones to glide and move on each other, and the joint space is surrounded by a synovial membrane. Around the joint space are muscles - the rotator cuff, which directly surrounds and attaches to the shoulder joint - and other muscles that help provide stability and facilitate movement.

What is the joint capsule?

The joint capsule is a soft tissue envelope that encircles the glenohumeral joint and attaches to the scapula, humerus, and head of the biceps. It is lined by a thin, smooth synovial membrane. The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles that surround the shoulder joint and contribute to the shoulder's stability.

What is the glenoid labrum?

The glenoid labrum is the second kind of cartilage in the shoulder which is distinctly different from the articular cartilage. This cartilage is more fibrous or rigid than the cartilage on the ends of the ball and socket.

Which part of the deltoid is a contraction?

Contraction of each part of the deltoid assists in different movements of the shoulder - flexion (clavicular part), abduction (middle part) and extension (scapular part). The teres major attaches to the outer part of the back of the scapula, beneath the teres minor, and attaches to the upper part of the humerus.

Why is the shoulder so unstable?

The shoulder is the most movable joint in the body. However, it is an unstable joint because of the range of motion allowed. This instability increases the likelihood of joint injury, which often leads to a degenerative process in which tissues break down and no longer function well.

What are the therapeutic activities at the shoulder?

Clients reside at The Shoulder, are able to work during the day and take part in therapeutic activities during the evenings including: individual and group counseling, spiritual development, life skills, and community recovery groups.

How much does the shoulder assessment cost?

The Shoulder offers assessments for $50 for individuals wishing to be considered for residential treatment. Assessments are required prior to admission into any of The Shoulder’s programs. Special consideration is given to: Individuals who are pregnant and have IV substance use disorders.

What is the shoulder?

The Shoulder believes that each and every one of us is a child of God deserving of hope, care and dignity. The facility is a Christian, non-profit treatment center offering support, education and treatment programs to those struggling with addiction. Addiction is a disease that while not curable, is treatable and manageable. Services are certified by the Alabama Department of Mental Health. The Shoulder offers a unique approach of quality, evidence-based therapy by Masters level counselors and encourage spiritual awakening alongside treatment plans. The shoulders has residential services for adult men. Any IV drug user or individuals who are HIV positive are given first availability on the waiting list.

Where is the shoulder located?

The Shoulder. The Shoulder is a traditional rehab facility located in Spanish Fort, Alabama. The Shoulder specializes in treatment of mental health and substance abuse.

What is an OP program?

Outpatient Programs (OP) are for those seeking mental rehab or drug rehab, but who also stay at home every night. The main difference between outpatient treatment (OP) and intensive outpatient treatment (IOP) lies in the amount of hours the patient spends at the facility.

What is group therapy?

Group Therapy: Group therapy is any therapeutic work that happens in a group (not one-on-one). There are a number of different group therapy modalities, including support groups, experiential therapy, psycho-education, and more. Group therapy involves treatment as well as processing interaction between group members.

Overview

The human shoulder is made up of three bones: the clavicle (collarbone), the scapula (shoulder blade), and the humerus (upper arm bone) as well as associated muscles, ligaments and tendons. The articulations between the bones of the shoulder make up the shoulder joints. The shoulder joint, also known as the glenohumeral joint, is the major joint of the shoulder, but can more broadly include the acromioclavicular joint. In human anatomy, the shoulder joint comprises the …

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