Here's a brief list of the Yuan emperors in this time period:Kulug Khan (r. 1308-1311)Ayurbawada Buyantu Khan (r. 1311-1321)Gege'en Khan (r. 1321-1323)Yesun Temur (r. 1323-1328)Arigabag (r. 1328)Jayaatu Khan Toq-Temur (r. 1328-1329)Irinchibal Khan (r. 1329-1332)
the Shang dynastyGiven that the existence of the Xia dynasty is debated, the Shang dynasty is sometimes seen as the first of the China's dynasties. The Shang rulers maintained control for around 600 years, and during this period of cultural and economic stability, Chinese culture and innovations flourished.
Cheng TangAccording to legend, the Shang Dynasty was founded sometime around 1600 BCE by a virtuous man named Cheng Tang, who overthrew the evil king of the legendary Xia. The Shang Dynasty was a monarchy governed by a series of kings, 29 or 30 in total, over the course of almost 600 years.
In 1046 BCE, the Shang Dynasty was overthrown at the Battle of Muye, and the Zhou Dynasty was established. The Zhou created the Mandate of Heaven: the idea that there could be only one legitimate ruler of China at a time, and that this ruler had the blessing of the gods.
The word dynasty means, quite simply, a succession of rulers from the same family. Beginning with the Bronze Age Shang dynasty, historical eras in China have borne the name of the family or clan that dominated during that period. Some dynasties, such as the Chou and the Ming, lasted for centuries.
The Shang Dynasty is the earliest ruling dynasty of China to be established in recorded history, though other dynasties predated it. The Shang ruled from 1600 to 1046 B.C. and heralded the Bronze Age in China.
The Shang Dynasty (c. 1600-1046 BCE) was the second dynasty of China, which succeeded the Xia Dynasty (c. 2700-1600 BCE) after the overthrow of the Xia tyrant Jie by the Shang leader, Tang.
The Zhou Dynasty had fallen, and the Qin Dynasty now began its reign over China.
Zhou, Wade-Giles romanization Chou, also called Zi Zhou, or Dixin, (born early 11th century? bc, China—died 1046 bc, China), last sovereign (c. 1075–46 bc) of the Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1046 bc), who, according to legend, lost his empire because of his extreme debauchery.
The Qin Dynasty established the first empire in China, starting with efforts in 230 B.C., during which the Qin leaders engulfed six Zhou Dynasty states. The empire existed only briefly from 221 to 206 B.C., but the Qin Dynasty had a lasting cultural impact on the dynasties that followed.
WenwangWenwang. Wenwang, Wade-Giles romanization Wen-wang, also called Xi Bo, (flourished 11th century bc, China), father of Ji Fa (the Wuwang emperor), the founder of the Zhou dynasty (1046–256 bc) and one of the sage rulers regarded by Confucian historians as a model king.
Previously a minor state in the northwest, Qin had seized the territories of small states on its south and west borders by the mid-third century B.C., pursuing a harsh policy aimed at the consolidation and maintenance of power.