intelligence is a concept whose definition course hero

What is intelligence?

V. ACTIVITY A. Definition. Define the concepts enumerated below. Artificial Intelligence – Artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability of a computer or a robot controlled by a computer to do tasks that are usually done by humans because they require human intelligence and discernment. Weak AI – Weak artificial intelligence (AI)—also called narrow AI—is a type of artificial …

How has the concept of intelligence been modified?

What exactly is intelligence? The way that researchers have defined the concept of intelligence has been modified many times since the birth of psychology. British psychologist Charles Spearman believed intelligence consisted of one general factor, called g, which could be measured and compared among individuals. Spearman focused on the commonalities among …

Is intelligence a real thing?

This intelligence relates to exploring human existence in the universe (Gardner, 1999, p. 115). 3. Interpersonal Intelligence is the proficiency of an individual in perceiving the moods, aims, motivations, and emotions of others (Gardner, 1983, pp. 237-276). 4. Intrapersonal Intelligence is having a positive self-concept

What is the most comprehensive theory of intelligence?

Intelligence (in all cultures) is the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use our knowledge to adapt to new situations. This is the conceptual definition. In research studies, intelligenceis whatever the intelligence test measures. This tends to be “school smarts” and it tends to be culture-specific.

What is the theory of intelligence?

Others psychologists believe that instead of a single factor, intelligence is a collection of distinct abilities. In the 1940s, Raymond Cattell proposed a theory of intelligence that divided general intelligence into two components: crystallized intelligence and fluid intelligence (Cattell, 1963). Crystallized intelligence is characterized as ...

What is intelligence in psychology?

British psychologist Charles Spearman believed intelligence consisted of one general factor, called g, which could be measured and compared among individuals. Spearman focused on the commonalities among various intellectual abilities and de-emphasized what made each unique. Long before modern psychology developed, however, ancient philosophers, such as Aristotle, held a similar view (Cianciolo & Sternberg, 2004).

What is the difference between fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence?

Fluid intelligence helps you tackle complex, abstract challenges in your daily life, whereas crystallized intelligence helps you overcome concrete, straightforward problems (Cattell, 1963). Other theorists and psychologists believe that intelligence should be defined in more practical terms.

How many intelligences does Gardner have?

In Gardner’s theory, each person possesses at least eight intelligences. Among these eight intelligences, a person typically excels in some and falters in others (Gardner, 1983).

What is analytical intelligence?

Sternberg says that analytical intelligence is demonstrated by an ability to analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast.

What is crystallized intelligence?

crystallized intelligence: characterized by acquired knowledge and the ability to retrieve it. cultural intelligence: ability with which people can understand and relate to those in another culture. emotional intelligence: ability to understand emotions and motivations in yourself and others.

Is emotional intelligence a predictor of success?

Some researchers, including Daniel Goleman, the author of Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More than IQ, argue that emotional intelligence is a better predictor of success than traditional intelligence (Goleman, 1995).

What was the final form of the Multiple Intelligences Survey after the factoranalyses?

The final form of the Multiple Intelligences Survey after the factoranalyses was used for constructing a Multiple Intelligences profile of the874 Tulsa Community College students. The possible scores ranged from

What is MIS in psychology?

The Multiple Intelligence Survey (MIS) was developed to identifyMultiple Intelligences as conceptualized by Gardner. This tool wasdesigned for use in instrumented-learning situations rather than forpsychological testing in clinical settings; that is, it was designed to provideself-report information (Blake & Mouton, 1972) to help students in themetacognitive process of reflecting upon how they learn.

What is content validity?

Content validity represents the degree to which a measure embodies therange of meanings within the concept (Babbie, 1989, p.125). Contentvalidity is the degree to which an instrument measures the precise contentareas (Gay, 1996, p. 139). It is the extent to which an instrument representsthe total body of theory from which the items could have been taken (Gall,Gall, & Borg, 1999, pp. 133-134). The content of an instrument is valid tothe degree the participant’s responses on that instrument are arepresentative sample of the items (p. 134).

What is a MIS?

A valid and reliable preference indicator, which is named MultipleIntelligences Survey (MIS), exists for identifying Multiple Intelligencepreferences of adult learners (McClellan, 2006). Howard Gardner firstintroduced Multiple Intelligences over 20 years ago. Gardner’s theoryprovides a theoretical foundation for recognizing different abilities andtalents. This theory acknowledges that while all students may not beverbally or mathematically gifted, students may have an expertise in otherareas.

What is factor analysis?

Factor analysis was used to confirm the construct validity of the itemsof the Multiple Intelligences Survey and to establish construct validity forthe items. Principal components factor analysis was used with the responsesfrom 874 community college students. The first factor analysis failed toconfirm the validity of the 45 items in the MIS. It not only had eight factorsinstead of the nine Multiple Intelligences areas conceptualized by HowardGardner, but also each of the factors contained items from more than oneMultiple Intelligences category. Therefore additional analyses wereconducted to eliminate poorly performing items. Separate factor analyseswere conducted with the five items in each of the nine MultipleIntelligences areas. This process resulted in the number of items in eachMultiple Intelligences area being reduced to three items that had high factorloadings and that correlated highly with the total score for all of the itemsin the Multiple Intelligences category. Thus, the final form of the MultipleIntelligences Survey consists of 27 items with construct and contentvalidity (see Insert).

What is intelligence in culture?

Intelligence (in all cultures) is the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use our knowledge to adapt to new situations. This is the conceptual definition. In research studies, intelligenceis whatever the intelligence test measures. This tends to be “school smarts” and it tends to be culture-specific.

What is Spearman's theory of intelligence?

Spearman proposed that general intelligence (g) is linked to many clusters that can be analyzed by factor analysis. Spearman, using an earlier approach to factor analysis, found that scores on all mental tests (regardless of the domain or how it was tested) tend to load on one major factor.

What is emotional intelligence?

Emotional intelligence is the ability to perceive, understand, and use emotions (Salovey and colleagues, 2005). The test of emotional intelligence measures overall emotional intelligence and its four components. Peter Salovey 16 . Emotional Intelligence: Components .

What is the meaning of validity in testing?

Validity of a test refers to what the test is supposed to measure or predict.   Content Validity: Refers to the extent a test measures a particular construct, behavior, or trait.   Isomorphism .   Predictive Validity: Refers to the function of a test in predicting a particular outcome .

What are the characteristics of a girl?

Girls are verbally fluent and have large vocabula ries 3. Girls are better at locating objects 4. Girls are more sensitive to touch, taste, and color 5. Boys outnumber girls in counts of underachievement 6. Boys outperform girls at math problem solving, but under perform at math computation 7.

Is intelligence a concept?

Conceptual Difficulties . Psychologists believe that intelligence is a concept and not a thing. Unfortunately, it is treated like a thing…a real thing. When we think of intelligence as a trait (thing) we make an error called reification— viewing an abstract immaterial concept as if it were a concrete thing. 5 .

What is a successful intelligence program?

A successful intelligence program is one that continually tunes, reassesses, and updates itself according to the changing threat landscape and risk mitigation objectives of the organization it finds itself within. In the realm of intelligence, context is king. Only with the proper context can data be considered intelligence, ...

Why is intelligence important?

Intelligence can and should be appropriately mapped onto the relevant goals and priorities that result from approaching security in this manner. This allows an organization to be far more selective and strategic in its pursuit of intelligence.

What is the difference between information and data?

The principle difference is that information is merely data. Data by itself doesn’t include any context. It doesn’t help us understand how to apply it to a specific problem. Perhaps it’s easiest to illustrate this difference through an example. I often hear people referring to data feeds and intelligence interchangeably.

Who is Joshua Goldfarb?

Joshua Goldfarb (Twitter: @ananalytical) is currently Director of Product Management at F5 . Previously, Josh served as VP, CTO - Emerging Technologies at FireEye and as Chief Security Officer for nPulse Technologies until its acquisition by FireEye. Prior to joining nPulse, Josh worked as an independent consultant, applying his analytical methodology to help enterprises build and enhance their network traffic analysis, security operations, and incident response capabilities to improve their information security postures. He has consulted and advised numerous clients in both the public and private sectors at strategic and tactical levels. Earlier in his career, Josh served as the Chief of Analysis for the United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team (US-CERT) where he built from the ground up and subsequently ran the network, endpoint, and malware analysis/forensics capabilities for US-CERT.