Regarding human thoughts and cognitions, Skinner believed that A. they can be understood by applying the principles of operant and respondent conditioning. B. they are covert behaviors that take place within the skin. C. they cannot be changed by the contingencies of reinforcement. D. they do not exist. B 60.
It is internally inconsistent, unreliable, and inaccurate when compared with other theories of scientific behaviorism. D. It rates very low on the criteria of falsifiability. B 59. Skinner saw creative behavior as being the result of
Physical and biological scientists do not attempt to attribute motivation, needs, or drives to the objects or biological processes they study. Skinner believed that psychologists who consider these inner states instigators of action are wasting their time.
This concept is at the core of Skinner's operant conditioning. C. Watson had an even greater effect on Skinner, especially his notions of science and psychology. Watson's insistence that human behavior must be studied scientifically impressed Skinner even before he began graduate school.
Answer: A. Skinner insisted that the study of human behavior is essentially the same as the study of other natural phenomena. Physical and biological scientists do not attempt to attribute motivation, needs, or drives to the objects or biological processes they study.
It was opposed by B. F. Skinner because it failed to include the impact of genetics in shaping human behavior. B. It proposes that punishing a behavior completely "stamps out" the behavior. C. It states that responses to stimuli that are followed immediately by a satisfier tend to be "stamped in.".
B. Positive reinforcement takes place when a positively valued stimulus increases the probability that a given behavior will occur. In comparison, negative reinforcement takes place when a negatively valued stimulus or condition is removed from a situation.
C. Negative reinforcement must not be confused with punishment, which does not strengthen behavior. Punishment is the presentation of an aversive stimulus or the removal of a positive one.