Acidic mine drainage (left) is a serious environmental problem resulting from the introduction of water and oxygen to sulfide-oxidizing bacteria during mining processes. These bacteria produce large amounts of sulfuric acid as a byproduct of their metabolism, resulting in a low-pH environment that can kill many aquatic plants and animals.
Throughout earth’s history, microbial metabolism has been a driving force behind the development and maintenance of the planet’s biosphere. Eukaryotic organisms such as plants and animals typically depend on organic molecules for energy, growth, and reproduction.
By metabolizing such substances, microbes chemically convert them to other forms. In some cases, microbial metabolism produces chemicals that can be har mful to other organisms; in others, it produces substances that are essential to the metabolism and survival of other life forms ( Figure 8.1 ).
As Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases it sinks to the ocean and dissolves in water creating carbonic acid which is bad for marine organisms. As CO2 increases in the atmosphere. the PH decreased in the ocean and the ocean water becomes more acidic. CO2 up PH down ACID up.
Carbon dioxide is one of the most important atmospheric gases that dissolve in the ocean. Some of it stays as dissolved gas, but most reacts with the water to form carbonic acid or reacts with carbonates already in the water to form bicarbonates. burning of fossil fuels.
pH of water is the measure of how acidic or basic water is. The scale is from 0 to 14, 7 is the neutral point (pure water). If the pH is closer to 0, that water is more acidic. If it is closer to 14, the more basic it is.
pH = Potential of Hydrogen. pH indicates whether a solution is acidic. The measurement of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution. If the concentration of H+ ions is 10−1 , the pH is 1, and the pOH is 13. The H+ concentration is much higher than the OH− concentration, which makes the substance acidic.
The H+ hydrogen ion is the basis of the pH scale. What is OH-. Hydroxide (OH-) is also known as the hydroxyl ion. When water dissociates or comes apart into its component parts it forms OH- (hydroxide ions) and H3O+ (hydronium ions).
The lowest-frequency light that will produce the photoelectric effect is called the threshold frequency. (a) The threshold frequency for indium is 9.96 × 1014s...
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