First to sail around the world. When Vasco da Gama sailed around the Cape of Good Hope to reach India in 1498, the Portuguese concentrated their efforts to the south and east. The Spanish, who agreed to divide the world in two with the Portuguese in the Treaty of Tordesillas on 7 June 1494, sailed west.
Stone-age Europeans were the first transatlantic sailors. Columbus and the Vikings were mere ocean-crossing latecomers, according to a leading American anthropologist.
In clashes with the police between July 3 and July 5, 1934, three picketers were killed and "scores were injured." During negotiations to end the strike, the sailors received concessions including a three-watch system, pay increases, and better living conditions.
Waggoner, generic 17th century and early 18th century term for sea charts derived from the first publisher's name Waghenaer. English sea atlas published from 1671 to 1803, initially by John Seller who was appointed Royal Hydrographer in 1671.
Leif Eriksson Day commemorates the Norse explorer believed to have led the first European expedition to North America.
In May 1498, Columbus left Spain with six ships, three filled with colonists and three with provisions for the colony on Hispaniola. This time, he made landfall on Trinidad. He entered the Gulf of Paria in Venezuela and planted the Spanish flag in South America on August 1, 1498.
explorer Ferdinand MagellanIn search of fame and fortune, Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan (c. 1480-1521) set out from Spain in 1519 with a fleet of five ships to discover a western sea route to the Spice Islands. En route he discovered what is now known as the Strait of Magellan and became the first European to cross the Pacific Ocean.
Contents. The explorer Christopher Columbus made four trips across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain: in 1492, 1493, 1498 and 1502. He was determined to find a direct water route west from Europe to Asia, but he never did.
Five hundred years before Columbus, a daring band of Vikings led by Leif Eriksson set foot in North America and established a settlement. And long before that, some scholars say, the Americas seem to have been visited by seafaring travelers from China, and possibly by visitors from Africa and even Ice Age Europe.
One of the most noted of Portuguese-born explorers was Fernão de Magalhães (anglicized as "Magellan"), who instigated and organized the first circumnavigation of the globe from 1519 to 1522.
Historic Ships. Reproductions of the Pinta, Santa Maria, and the Nina sail the Atlantic off the coast of Spain duplicating the first voyage of Christopher Columbus. 1. Introduce the concepts of ocean travel and ocean crossings.
Ferdinand MagellanAfter sailing through the dangerous straits below South America that now bear his name, Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan enters the Pacific Ocean with three ships, becoming the first European explorer to reach the Pacific from the Atlantic.
Sir Francis Chichester (1901–1972) was a British sailor and aviator, famed for being the first person to single-handedly sail around the world making only one stop.
discusses two of the earliest Africans to arrive in the Americas—men who journeyed to this continent a century before the first “20 And Odd” Africans arrived in Jamestown, Virginia, in 1619. Juan Garrido, a free black African, joined Spanish explorers in present-day Florida in 1513.
1519–: Leaving Spain with five ships and 270 men in 1519, the Portuguese Ferdinand Magellan is the first to reach Asia from the East.
William Weston, a 15th-century merchant from Bristol, was probably the first Englishman to lead an expedition to North America, the voyage taking place most likely in 1499 or 1500.
In actual fact, Columbus did not discover North America. He was the first European to sight the Bahamas archipelago and then the island later named Hispaniola, now split into Haiti and the Dominican Republic. On his subsequent voyages he went farther south, to Central and South America.
The first sailor to conquer the cape was Dutchman Jacob le Maire in 1616. Le Maire named the outpost after the town of Hoorn, in honor of the sponsors of his expedition. Captain Cook also managed to circumvent Cape Horn about 150 years later with his ship HMS Endeavour.
1519The King of Spain gave Magellan five ships and he set off for South America in 1519. He sailed for three months until he found the dangerous strait between modern day Chile and the island of Tierra del Fuego. He named it after himself. The expedition sailed on through the Magellan Strait into the Pacific Ocean.
Origins. Cape Horn was discovered in 1616 by navigator Willem Schouten, captain of the "Eendracht" on a voyage funded by Isaac Le Maire. They named it Kap Hoorn, after their hometown.
Magellan was first to sail around the world, right? Think again.
In 1519, Ferdinand Magellan set sail from Spain with five ships to find a western route to the Moluccas. Battling storms, mutinies, and the unknown, Magellan died before reaching his destination. One ship ultimately returned to Spain after circumnavigating the world.
In September 1519, Magellan set sail from Spain with five ships. Three years later only one ship, the Victoria (depicted on a 1590 map), made it back to Spain after circumnavigating the world.
So he abandoned his Portuguese loyalty and headed to Spain, where he gained both citizenship and Charles V’s blessing for a five-ship journey westward.
At the beginning of his journey, his contemporaries suspected it was impossible to sail around the entire globe—and feared that everything from sea monsters to killer fogs awaited anyone foolhardy enough to try. “It sounded suicidal to do this,” says Bergreen.
Nonetheless, it’s clear that Ferdinand Magellan’s 1519 expedition changed the world forever. His journey was “the greatest sea voyage ever undertaken, and the most significant,” says historian Laurence Bergreen, author of Over the Edge of the World: Magellan’s Terrifying Circumnavigation of the Globe. “That’s not hyperbole.”.
After winter weather forced his ships to wait for months in what is now Argentina, Magellan’s crew mutinied. One ship wrecked; another ditched the expedition altogether and headed back to Spain. The captain struggled to regain control of his men, but once he did, the repercussions were swift and harsh. He ordered some of the mutineers beheaded and quartered; others were marooned or forced into hard labor.
The honor of being the first to sail around the world alone with only one stop went to Francis Chichester (1902-1972). In 1966, the 64-year old Chichester sailed his 16m (53ft) ketch Gypsy Moth IV from England. The steering mechanism broke 3 700km (2,300 miles ) from Australia.
The first woman to sail solo around the world was Krystyna Chojnowska- Liskiewicz, starting the journey in the Canary Islands on February 28, 1976 and completing it there 401 days later, on April 2, 1978.
For 7 years he traded from Cochin, China and Malacca. Like Columbus before him, Magellan believed he would reach the Far East by sailing west. Snubbed by the Portuguese king, Magellan convinced the Spanish king, Charles I that at least some of the Spice Islands lay in the Spanish half of the undiscovered world.
Chay Blyth, nicknamed “the man of steel” became one of few when he sailed against the winds around the world from east to west aboard the ketch British Steel in 1971, completing the voyage in 302 days.
First solo circumnavigation trip east to west mostly sailing through tropics (1970). The first single-handed sailor to remain continuously at sea twice around the world (1981 – 1982). First circumnavigation of Antarctica, circling the continent twice in 1981 – 1982.
On 27 June 1898, more than 3 years and 74000km (46,000 miles) later, Joshua Slocum entered Newport, Rhode Island, as the first man to sail around the world solo. Joshua Slocum’s Spray.
Shipping company Cunard Laconia introduced the first around-the-world cruise on the Laconia in 1922. More about cruise liners. The quest to become the first to circumnavigate the earth in a hot air balloon. It took 175 days to complete the first circumnavigate of earth by air.
Stone-age Europeans were the first transatlantic sailors. Columbus and the Vikings were mere ocean-crossing latecomers, according to a leading American anthropologist.
The theory that prehistoric Europeans colonised America was first put forward in the Fifties by archaeologist Frank Hibben, but was discredited by evidence supporting the notion that the continent was populated 20,000 to 15,000 years ago by Asian incomers who walked across the land bridge that then linked Siberia with Alaska, and who then migrated south through the continent.
Based on 25 years of experience as a pilot and opportunities to examine numerous rutters and manuscript charts he was able to compile the first effective set of navigational charts published 1584-85 under the title Spiegel der Zeevaerdt or Mirror of the Sea.
Compass and log helped navigators keep track of position. They used a lead line. Lead line. A means of finding the depth of water near coasts and probably the earliest device used by coastal navigators to facilitate safe navigation. It consists of a hemp line with a lead weight attached (about 7 pounds).
The seaman's quadrant, or simple quadrant, was the earliest instrument used by navigators for measuring the altitude of a heavenly body. Other instruments not strictly quadrants have also been called such. The backstaff may be called Davis Quadrant. The octant was originally called Hadley's quadrant.
Between 1603 and 1635, Champlain made 12 voyages to what was to become Canada, establishing it as a French colony, founding Quebec, and exploring up the St. Lawrence River to the Great Lakes. c.1585-c.1612. English ship captain and explorer, and student of mathematics, navigation and ship building.
Contemporary with and backed up the portolan charts of the areas, hand drawn charts with compass or direction lines. which were first printed in the second half of the sixteenth century.
Invented in China in the 3rd century BC, the compass. Compass. Instrument which indicates true or magnetic north, enabling the mariner to guide a ship in any direction and to determine the direction of a visible object, such as another ship, heavenly body, or point of land. Read More.
Smith, Capt. John Captain John Smith. c.1580-1631. English soldier, sailor, and writer, who became the leader of the Jamestown Colony. Chiefly known in New England for his 1614 voyage in which he mapped much of the coast.
It has long been held that the earliest people to migrate into North America were likely to have done so by traveling across a land bridge which, due to lower sea levels, would have existed toward the end of the last glacial period thousands of years ago. Proponents of this “Beringia” hypothesis, as it is often called, point to further evidence in DNA studies among modern Native American groups, who have been shown to bear distinct similarity to those of Asian descent.
Perhaps there is no single “correct” theory about the origins of those early arrivals in the Americas. If anything, it seems to be increasingly likely that a variety of different migrations were occurring in the ancient world, where numerous cultures were finding their way from a variety of different points of origin. Thus, these all may have contributed to a peopling of the New World that is far more ancient than conventional archaeology once believed.
While the debate remains as to who the Clovis people were, and what their actual origins may have been, one thing that can be agreed upon is the fact that, at some point, it seems obvious that some group had to have used watercraft to reach the Americas. And whether or not researchers like Stanford and Bradley are correct about groups like the Solutreans, and whether they are in some way linked to the later Clovis culture, there wouldn’t have had to be any permanent settlement necessarily, in order for us to appreciate that there could have been rudimentary sailors long ago, who arrived and hunted parts of the New World.