Ans: An inflammatory disorder of the small and medium-size arteries in the feet and sometimes in the hands. Exp: Buerger disease is an inflammatory disease of the peripheral arteries. Inflammation, thrombus formation, and vasospasm eventually can occlude and obliterate portions of the small and medium-size arteries.
Ans: A basospastic disorder of the small arteries and arterioles of the fingers, and less commonly, the toes. Exp: Raynaud phenomenon and Raynaud disease are characterized by attacks of vasospasm in the small arteries and arterioles of the fingers and, less commonly, the toes.
Exp: Right heart failure is defined as the inability of the right ventricle to provide adequate blood flow into the pulmonary circulation at a normal central venous pressure.
Exp: Tricus pid regurgitation is more common than tricuspid stenosis and usually is associated with cardiac failure and dilation of the right ventricle secondary to pulmonary hypertension. Mitral Regurgitation. Ans: Backflow into the left atrium.