which of teh following strucutrea are associate with cns course hero

What is the structure of the CNS?

The CNS consists of two organs which are continuous with each other; the brain and spinal cord. They are enveloped and protected by three layers of meninges, and encased within two bony structures; the skull and vertebral column, respectively. The brain consists of the cerebrum, subcortical structures, brainstem and cerebellum.

What is the structure of the central nervous system?

The CNS consists of two organs which are continuous with each other; the brain and spinal cord. They are enveloped and protected by three layers of meninges, and encased within two bony structures; the skull and vertebral column, respectively.

What are the two subsystems of the nervous system?

The nervous system consists of two subsystems: the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The skull and three meninges (the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater) protect the brain. Tissues of the PNS and CNS are formed of cells called glial cells and neurons.

Cerebral Cortex

The cerebral cortex is responsible for sensory processing and complex brain functions, such as reasoning, language, planning, and self-regulation.

Cerebral Hemispheres

Each hemisphere of the brain is divided into four regions, referred to as the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes.

How many segments does the spinal cord have?

It extends from the foramen magnum of the skull to the level of the L1/L2 vertebrae. The spinal cord consists of five segments (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal) and a total of 31 pairs of spinal nerves emerging out of them.

Which part of the brain is the limbic system?

The limbic cortex is formed by various cerebral sulci and gyri of the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes. The deep part of the limbic system is formed by the hippocampal formation, amygdala, diencephalon, olfactory cortex, basal ganglia, basal part of the cerebrum and brainstem.

What are the chief cells of the brain and spinal cord?

The chief cells of the brain and spinal cord are the neurons, which receive and transmit neural impulses . Each neuron has a body which is its micro-command center, and it has a gray color when observed microscopically. The neurons possess two or more neural processes that stem from the body and relay the neural information. The neural processes are divided into short ( dendrites) and long ( axons ). Most of the axons are ensheathed by a substance called myelin, which gives them a distinguishable white color.

How do the brain and spinal cord communicate?

While analyzing the information and preparing adequate body responses, the parts of the brain and spinal cord communicate with each other via many neural pathways. Once the final output is ready, they convey it to the rest of the body via nerves of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which stem directly from them.

What is the function of the spinal cord?

The function of the spinal cord is to convey information between the brain and the rest of the body. In addition, the spinal cord regulates lower bodily functions independently from the brain, such as reflexes. The anatomy of the spinal cord is described in more detail below:

What is the supreme command center of the body?

The supreme command center of the body that receives, integrates, processes, and generates neural impulses that control all the bodily functions. Parts. Brain (cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, subcortical structures) Spinal cord.

What is the CNS?

Put simply, the CNS is the supreme command center of the body. The CNS consists of two organs which are continuous with each other; the brain and spinal cord. They are enveloped and protected by three layers of meninges, and encased within two bony structures; the skull and vertebral column, respectively.

What are the different regions of the spinal cord?

The spinal cord only weighs about 35g and is only about 1cm in diameter. It is protected by the 26 vertebrae and can be divided into five regions, altogether having 31 pairs of nerves extend from the sides of the vertebral column into the distal portions of the body. The five regions of the spinal cord are as follows: 1 Cervical (neck): 8 pairs of nerves 2 Thoracic (chest): 12 pairs of nerves 3 Lumbar (abdominal): 5 pairs of nerves 4 Sacral (pelvic): 1 pair of nerves 5 Coccygeal (tailbone): 1 pair of nerves

Why is cerebrospinal fluid important?

Third, there is the cerebrospinal fluid: this is incredibly important in that it provides a buffer that reduces the force of any potential impact between the brain and skull, or between the spinal cord and vertebrae. The brain is further encapsulated by the skull, and the spinal cord by the vertebrae.

How many vertebrae are in the spinal cord?

The Spinal Cord. The spinal cord only weighs about 35g and is only about 1cm in diameter. It is protected by the 26 vertebrae and can be divided into five regions, altogether having 31 pairs of nerves extend from the sides of the vertebral column into the distal portions of the body.

What is left handedness?

Left- or right-handedness is the result of one hemisphere being dominant over the other. The brainstem is derived from the midbrain (mesencephalon) and hindbrain (rhombencephalon) and is the connection between the spinal cord and the brain. It consists of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain. The major responsibilities of the brainstem are to.

What is the central nervous system?

References. The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain, the spinal cord, and the retina. It is the command center of the body, powering everything that we do and interpreting everything around us. This system continues developing throughout the entire human lifetime, constantly creating and eliminating neurons to keep ...

What is the brain made of?

Structures and Functions of the Human Brain. The entire CNS is made up of “gray matter” and “white matter.”. Gray matter is made up of neurons, the cell type that forms the basis for all types of nerve cells. The largest part of the human brain is cerebrum, which is derived from the forebrain, or the prosencephalon.

How many nerve cells are in the CNS?

The CNS contains about 86 billion nerve cells in total, this is more than 12x the amount of people on planet Earth right now! All of them are connected by trillions of nerve fibers – axons and dendrites – that facilitate the transmission of information throughout the entire nervous system.