What is a typical plant cell?
It is these cells, tissues, and organs that carry out the dramatic lives of plants. Plant cells resemble other eukaryotic cells in many ways. For example, they are enclosed by a plasma membrane and have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. A typical plant cell is represented by the diagram in Figure 2. Figure 2.
Where is DNA stored in a plant cell?
Most of the DNA in a cell is housed inside the nucleus, but some mitochondria or chloroplasts in plant cells may contain trace amount of DNA. There are four chemical bases called adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine that store the information in DNA in the form of genetic code. These bases pair up with each to form base pairs.
What structures are found in plant cells but not animal cells?
Structures found in plant cells but not animal cells include a large central vacuole, cell wall, and plastids such as chloroplasts. The large central vacuole is surrounded by its own membrane and contains water and dissolved substances.
Who created the first DNA fingerprint?
Why is DNA fingerprinting used?
What is HT in plants?
What is a transgenic crop?
Why are stem cells not rejected?
What is the purpose of differences in the number of chromosomes?
Why are genetic loci screened?
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Who created the first DNA fingerprint?
To construct the first DNA fingerprint, Dr. Alec Jeffries used ________ and ________ to produce a characteristic set of DNA fragments from a boy, his brothers, and mother; these fragments were matched to prove the identity of his mother.
Why is DNA fingerprinting used?
DNA fingerprinting was first used to prove the maternal relationship between a woman and her son in an immigration case.
What is HT in plants?
Transgenic plants that are herbicide tolerant (HT) carry genes for resistance to broad spectrum herbicides that kill all the plants in the field except the transgenic crop plants.
What is a transgenic crop?
Transgenic crops are used to increase crop yield; however, these crop varieties have not yet been approved for human consumption in the United States.
Why are stem cells not rejected?
Because stem cells originate from a patient there is no rejection of the transplanted cells by the patient's immune system.
What is the purpose of differences in the number of chromosomes?
Typically, differences in the numbers of chromosomes are used to identify individuals by DNA profiling.
Why are genetic loci screened?
When constructing DNA profiles, several genetic loci are screened in order to maximize the probability that the profile will be unique to the given individual.
What is the name of the gene that produces sticky ends?
A eukaryotic gene has "sticky ends" produced by the restriction endonuclease EcoRI. The gene is added to a mixture containing EcoRI and a bacterial plasmid that carries two genes conferring resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline. The plasmid has one recognition site for EcoRI located in the tetracycline resistance gene. This mixture is incubated for several hours, exposed to DNA ligase, and then added to bacteria growing in nutrient broth. The bacteria are allowed to grow overnight and are streaked on a plate using a technique that produces isolated colonies that are clones of the original. Samples of these colonies are then grown in four different media: nutrient broth plus ampicillin, nutrient broth plus tetracycline, nutrient broth plus ampicillin and tetracycline, and nutrient broth without antibiotics.
What is the chromosome 22 in CML?
CML (chronic myelogenous leukemia) results from a translocation between human chromosomes 9 and 22. The resulting chromosome 22 is significantly shorter than the usual, and it is known as a Philadelphia (Ph') chromosome. The junction at the site of the translocation causes over-expression of a thymine kinase receptor. A new drug (Gleevec or imatinib) has been found to inhibit the disease if the patient is treated early.
Who created the first DNA fingerprint?
To construct the first DNA fingerprint, Dr. Alec Jeffries used ________ and ________ to produce a characteristic set of DNA fragments from a boy, his brothers, and mother; these fragments were matched to prove the identity of his mother.
Why is DNA fingerprinting used?
DNA fingerprinting was first used to prove the maternal relationship between a woman and her son in an immigration case.
What is HT in plants?
Transgenic plants that are herbicide tolerant (HT) carry genes for resistance to broad spectrum herbicides that kill all the plants in the field except the transgenic crop plants.
What is a transgenic crop?
Transgenic crops are used to increase crop yield; however, these crop varieties have not yet been approved for human consumption in the United States.
Why are stem cells not rejected?
Because stem cells originate from a patient there is no rejection of the transplanted cells by the patient's immune system.
What is the purpose of differences in the number of chromosomes?
Typically, differences in the numbers of chromosomes are used to identify individuals by DNA profiling.
Why are genetic loci screened?
When constructing DNA profiles, several genetic loci are screened in order to maximize the probability that the profile will be unique to the given individual.
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