| Drains from | Sigmoid sinus |
|---|---|
| Drains to | Brachiocephalic vein |
| Drainage area | Brain, skull, oral cavity, superficial structures of face and neck |
F IG. 557– Veins of the head and neck. The veins of the head and neck may be subdivided into three groups: (1) The veins of the exterior of the head and face. (2) The veins of the neck. (3) The diploic veins, the veins of the brain, and the venous sinuses of the dura mater.
The angular vein (v. angularis) formed by the junction of the frontal and supraorbital veins, runs obliquely downward, on the side of the root of the nose, to the level of the lower margin of the orbit, where it becomes the anterior facial vein.
It begins in the suboccipital region by communicating branches from the occipital vein and by small veins from the deep muscles at the back of the neck. It receives tributaries from the plexuses around the spinous processes of the cervical vertebræ, and terminates in the lower part of the vertebral vein.
The portion of vein between the two sets of valves is often dilated, and is termed the sinus. These valves do not prevent the regurgitation of the blood, or the passage of injection from below upward. Tributaries.
jugular vein, any of several veins of the neck that drain blood from the brain, face, and neck, returning it to the heart via the superior vena cava. The main vessels are the external jugular vein and the interior jugular vein.
The internal jugular vein is a run-off of the sigmoid sinus. It arises in the posterior cranial fossa and exits the cranium through the jugular foramen, located at the base of the skull.
The brachiocephalic veins also referred to as the innominate veins, are large venous structures located within the thorax and originate from the union of the subclavian vein with the internal jugular vein. The left and right brachiocephalic vein join to form the superior vena cava on the right side of the upper chest.
The carotid arteries are major blood vessels in the neck that supply blood to the brain, neck, and face.
Internal and external jugular veins run along the right and left sides of your neck. They bring blood from your head to the superior vena cava, which is the largest vein in the upper body.
Origin and course The internal jugular vein originates within the posterior part of the jugular foramen, under the posterior part of the floor of the tympanic cavity. The IJV is continuous with the sigmoid sinus; however, its origin is demarcated by a dilation called the superior bulb of internal jugular vein.
The left and right brachiocephalic veins (or innominate veins) are major veins in the upper chest, formed by the union of each corresponding internal jugular vein and subclavian vein. This is at the level of the sternoclavicular joint....Brachiocephalic veinFMA4723Anatomical terminology11 more rows
The right and left brachiocephalic (or innominate) veins are a pair of large veins deep in the upper chest. Each brachiocephalic vein returns blood to the heart from the head, neck, arm, and chest.
The innominate artery brings blood to your right arm, head, and neck. It's the first branch from the aortic arch that carries blood away from the heart. A blockage slowing blood flow in this artery can put your life at risk.
neckJugular vein and carotid artery are the two types of blood vessels found in the neck. Four jugular veins and two carotid arteries can be identified in the neck. Jugular vein drain deoxygenated blood from the brain, face, and neck while carotid arteries supply oxygenated blood to the brain, face, and neck.
The subclavian vein is a paired large vein, one on either side of the body, and runs under the clavicle and anterior to the artery of the same name. The diameter is approximately to that of the little finger.
vertebralis) is formed in the suboccipital triangle, from numerous small tributaries which spring from the internal vertebral venous plexuses and issue from the vertebral canal above the posterior arch of the atlas.
The portion of vein between the two sets of valves is often dilated, and is termed the sinus. These valves do not prevent the regurgitation of the blood, or the passage of injection from below upward. Tributaries.
The external jugular vein varies in size, bearing an inverse proportion to the other veins of the neck, it is occasionally double. It is provided with two pairs of valves, the lower pair being placed at its entrance into the subclavian vein, the upper in most cases about 4 cm. above the clavicle.
cervicalis profunda; posterior vertebral or posterior deep cervical vein) accompanies its artery between the Semispinales capitis and colli. It begins in the suboccipital region by communicating branches from the occipital vein and by small veins from the deep muscles at the back of the neck.
The Anterior Vertebral Vein commences in a plexus around the transverse processes of the upper cervical vertebræ, descends in company with the ascending cervical artery between the Scalenus anterior and Longus capitis muscles, and opens into the terminal part of the vertebral vein. F IG. 563– The vertebral vein.
560) begins in the substance and on the surface of the thyroid gland, by tributaries corresponding with the branches of the superior thyroid artery, and ends in the upper part of the internal jugular vein. It receives the superior laryngeal and cricothyroid veins.
linguales) begin on the dorsum, sides, and under surface of the tongue, and, passing backward along the course of the lingual artery, end in the internal jugular vein.
Thus, the internal jugular vein drains the venous blood from the brain, skull, oral cavity, and the superficial structures of the face and neck.
The whole anterior aspect of the vein, except for a short superior portion, lies deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Below the sternocleidomastoid, the anterior surface of the vein is crossed by the posterior belly of digastric and superior belly of omohyoid muscles, which divide the vein into three areas;
Going from the skull to the clavicle, the relations of the IJV are as follows; The posterior aspect of the vein is related to the rectus capitis lateralis, transverse process of atlas, scalenus anterior, cervical plexus, phrenic nerve, thyrocervical trunk, vertebral vein and subclavian artery.
Its function is to drain the venous blood from the majority of the skull, brain, and superficial structures of the head and neck.
The area between the bellies of digastric and omohyoid muscles is crossed by the ansa cervicalis and the muscular branches of superior thyroid artery that supply the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The area below the omohyoid muscle is related to the sternocleidomastoid directly, as well as the infrahyoid muscles and the anterior jugular vein.
The internal jugular vein originates within the posterior part of the jugular foramen, under the posterior part of the floor of the tympanic cavity. The IJV is continuous with the sigmoid sinus; however, its origin is demarcated by a dilation called the superior bulb of internal jugular vein.
Within the sheath, the IJV lies lateral to the common carotid artery and the vagus nerve. The IJV ends posteriorly to the sternal end of the clavicle by merging with the ipsilateral subclavian vein and forming the brachiocephalic (innominate) vein. Prior to its termination, the IJV usually features a terminal dilation called the inferior bulb ...
The brachiocephalic veins join together to form the superior vena cava, a large vein that directly drains all the deoxygenated blood from circulation of the head, neck, and arms into the right atrium of the heart to be pumped to the lungs to become oxygenated again. 3 . How Blood Flows Through the Heart and Lungs.
Ali is also an award-winning writer. Learn about our Medical Review Board. Yasmine S. Ali, MD, MSCI. on February 17, 2021. The internal jugular vein is the largest vein in the neck that serves as the main source of blood flow down from the head. Obstruction of blood flow through the internal jugular vein can cause backflow of blood into the brain, ...
The internal jugular vein also contains the internal jugular vein valve near its end to promote blood flow in one direction toward the heart and prevent backflow toward the brain. The Anatomy of Jugular Veins.
Obstruction of blood flow through the internal jugular vein can cause backflow of blood into the brain, increasing intracranial pressure, which can cause serious brain damage if left untreated. Increased Intracranial Pressure Symptoms and Causes. SHUBHANGI GANESHRAO KENE / Getty Images.
The walls of the internal jugular vein consist of three layers: 2 . The tunica adventitia, or the outermost layer of the vein's wall, is the thickest of all layers. It is composed of loose connective tissue that connects to other tissues in the body. The tunica media, or middle layer, is made up of collagen, elastic fibers, and smooth muscle.
Physical therapy or surgical measures can help decrease compression of the internal jugular vein 4 . Aneurysm, or dilation of a blood vessel at least 1.5 times its normal diameter, occurs from weakening of the blood vessel walls.
The internal jugular vein is the largest vein in the neck and is the main source of venous drainage, or blood flow, down from the brain, returning deoxygenated blood back from the head and neck to the heart, where it will be pumped to the lungs to become oxygenated again. 1 . The internal jugular vein also serves as the main channel ...
557) are: Frontal. Superficial Temporal. Supraorbital. Internal Maxillary. Angular. Posterior Facial. Anterior Facial.
The frontal vein ( v. frontalis) begins on the forehead in a venous plexus which communicates with the frontal branches of the superficial temporal vein. The veins converge to form a single trunk, which runs downward near the middle line of the forehead parallel with the vein of the opposite side.
The pterygoid plexus ( plexus pterygo ideus) is of considerable size, and is situated between the Temporalis and Pterygoideus externus, and partly between the two Pterygoidei. It receives tributaries corresponding with the branches of the internal maxillary artery. Thus it receives the sphenopalatine, the middle meningeal, the deep temporal, ...
It divides into two branches, an anterior, which passes forward and unites with the anterior facial vein to form the common facial vein and a posterior, which is joined by the posterior auricular vein and becomes the external jugular vein. The posterior auricular vein ( v. auricularis posterior) begins upon the side of the head, ...
The veins of the head and neck may be subdivided into three groups: (1) The veins of the exterior of the head and face. (2) The veins of the neck. (3) The diploic veins, the veins of the brain, and the venous sinuses of the dura mater. 1.
The superficial temporal vein ( v. temporalis superficialis) begins on the side and vertex of the skull in a plexus which communicates with the frontal and supraorbital veins, with the corresponding vein of the opposite side, and with the posterior auricular and occipital veins.
At the root of the nose the veins diverge, and, each at the medial angle of the orbit, joins the supraorbital vein, to form the angular vein. Occasionally the frontal veins join to form a single trunk, which bifurcates at the root of the nose into the two angular veins. The supraorbital vein ( v. supraorbitalis) begins on ...
This vein also has a common trunk into which drains the anterior branch of the retromandibular vein, the facial vein, and the lingual vein . It runs down the side of the neck in a vertical direction, being at one end lateral to the internal carotid artery, and then lateral to the common carotid artery, and at the root of the neck, ...
The hypoglossal nerve has been displaced downward in this preparation. (Internal jugular visible at bottom left.) The internal jugular vein is a paired jugular vein that collects blood from the brain and the superficial parts of the face and neck.
Because the internal jugular rarely varies in its location, it is easier to find than other veins. However, sometimes when a line is inserted the jugular is missed and other structures such as the carotid artery, lung or the vagus nerve (CN X) are punctured, and damage is caused to these structures.
In 9–12% of the Western population, the size, shape or course of the internal jugular vein is abnormal. Variants identified including veins markedly smaller, or not functionally present. The mean diameter is 10 mm, but may range between 5 and 35 mm.
Such a line may be inserted for several reasons, such as to accurately measure the central venous pressure or to administer fluids when a line in a peripheral vein would be unsuitable (such as during resuscitation when peripheral veins are hard to locate).
At the root of the neck, the right internal jugular vein is a little distance from the common carotid artery, and crosses the first part of the subclavian artery, while the left internal jugular vein usually overlaps the common carotid artery.
This vein runs in the carotid sheath with the common carotid artery and vagus nerve. It begins in the posterior compartment of the jugular foramen, at the base of the skull.
It lies just lateral and anterior to the internal and common carotid arteries. At the junction of the neck and thorax, the internal jugular vein combines with the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic or innominate vein. The left internal jugular vein is slightly smaller than the right internal jugular vein.
The internal jugular vein is a paired venous structure that collects blood from the brain, superficial regions of the face, and neck, and delivers it to the right atrium. The internal jugular vein is a run-off of the sigmoid sinus. It arises in the posterior cranial fossa and exits the cranium through the jugular foramen, located at the base of the skull. As the internal jugular vein runs down the lateral neck, it drains the branches of the facial, retromandibular, and the lingual veins. The course of the internal jugular vein is directed caudally in the carotid sheath, accompanied by the vagus nerve posteriorly and the common carotid artery anteromedially. It lies just lateral and anterior to the internal and common carotid arteries. At the junction of the neck and thorax, the internal jugular vein combines with the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic or innominate vein. The left internal jugular vein is slightly smaller than the right internal jugular vein. Both veins contain valves located a few centimeters before the vessels drain into the subclavian vein.
It lies just lateral and anterior to the internal and common carotid arteries. At the junction of the neck and thorax, the internal jugular vein combines with the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic or innominate vein. The left internal jugular vein is slightly smaller than the right internal jugular vein.
The relatively direct line between the right external and internal jugular veins, as compared to the left external and internal jugular veins, make the right jugular vein the preferred system for assessing the venous pressure and pulse contour.
Internal jugular vein distention causes. Elevations of the jugular venous pressure may be seen in cardiac tamponade, tricuspid regurgitation, right heart failure, and tricuspid stenosis. One can also raise the pressure in the jugular vein by applying manual pressure on the liver.
Awareness of its location is essential during head and neck surgery, and the vein can be cannulated to provide fluids and medications during resuscitation. There are many structural variants of the external jugular vein, mostly without clinical significance.
The function of the internal jugular vein is to collect blood from the skull, brain, superficial parts of the face, and the majority of the neck. The tributaries of the internal jugular include the inferior petrosal sinus, facial, lingual, pharyngeal, superior and middle thyroid, and, occasionally, the occipital vein.
Digital compression is the simplest way to control bleeding from a lacerated internal jugular vein. Surgical exploration may be necessary. If possible, the internal jugular vein should be repaired, with care take to limit narrowing the vessel. In severe cases the internal jugular vein may need to be ligated.
The right internal jugular vein communicates directly with the right atrium via the superior vena cava. There is a functional valve at the junction of the internal jugular vein and the superior vena cava. Usually, however, this valve does not impede the phasic flow of blood to the right atrium.