Course Details
Introduction to Logic will teach you the basics of formal logic, which provides symbolic methods for representing and assessing the logical form of arguments. You will develop an understanding of symbolic language and logic, as well as familiarity with precise models of deductive reasoning.Why to study logic?
Course description. A study of the most basic forms of reasoning and their linguistic expressions, this course provides an introduction to the traditional theory of syllogism, contemporary symbolic logic, the nature of scientific reasoning, and the relationship between logic and language.
What are the branches of logic?
About this Course. 27,680 recent views. This course is an introduction to Logic from a computational perspective. It shows how to encode information in the form of logical sentences; it shows how to reason with information in this form; and it provides an overview of logic technology and its applications - in mathematics, science, engineering, business, law, and so …
What are some examples of logic?
Description. This course is an introduction to Logic from a computational perspective. It shows how to encode information in the form of logical sentences; it shows how to reason with information in this form; and it provides an overview of logic technology and its applications - in mathematics, science, engineering, business, law, and so forth.
What is a good introduction to philosophy?
Description: In this course students learn to recognize arguments and evaluate them. Three different types of logic are examined: categorical syllogistic logic, propositional logic, and predicate logic. Students will come away being able to form better arguments and to recognize good or bad arguments. View syllabus.
What type of course is logic?
Logic is the study of formal and informal reasoning. Originally a branch of philosophy, logic has also become a mathematical discipline, a tool of modern linguistics, the core of computer science and an object of study for psychologists and cognitive scientists of every description.
What is introduction logic course?
This course explores logic, the science of reasoning, and will teach you how to evaluate arguments using informal logic—the analysis of language-based arguments—and formal logic—the analysis and validation of arguments by means of symbolic notation.
What is the study of logic called?
Logic is traditionally defined as the study of the laws of thought or correct reasoning. This is usually understood in terms of inferences or arguments: reasoning may be seen as the activity of drawing inferences, whose outward expression is given in arguments.
Is logic a math course?
The courses in logic at Harvard cover all of the major areas of mathematical logic—proof theory, recursion theory, model theory, and set theory—and, in addition, there are courses in closely related areas, such as the philosophy and foundations of mathematics, and theoretical issues in the theory of computation.
What are the types of logic?
The four main logic types are:
- Informal logic.
- Formal logic.
- Symbolic logic.
- Mathematical logic.
Jun 24, 2021
What is symbolic logic used for?
Symbolic logic is the branch of mathematics that makes use of symbols to express logical ideas. This method makes it possible to manipulate ideas mathematically in much the same way that numbers are manipulated.
What are the 3 main division of logic?
There are three divisions of the Logic: Being, Essence and the Notion (or Concept).Jun 11, 2019
What are the two main types of logic?
Logos and Logic. Logos: There are two types of logical argument, inductive and deductive. In an inductive argument, the reader holds up a specific example, and then claims that what is true for it is also true for a general category.
Is logic a science or an art?
In summary: Logic is the science and art of reasoning well. Logic as a science seeks to discover rules of reasoning; logic as an art seeks to apply those rules to rational discourse.Aug 1, 2017
How many logics are there?
Generally speaking, there are four types of logic.
Is logic a philosophy or math?
Logic is an ancient area of philosophy which, while extensively beein studied in Universities for centuries, not much happened (unlike other areas of philosophy) from ancient times until the end of the 19th century.Apr 20, 2011
Is logic the foundation of math?
Logic is usually said to be a foundation of mathematics because it makes mathematical reasoning formal.Jul 13, 2016
What is a logic course?
This course is an introduction to Logic from a computational perspective. It shows how to encode information in the form of logical sentences; it shows how to reason with information in this form; and it provides an overview of logic technology and its applications - in ma thematics, science, engineering, business, law, and so forth .
Can you see lectures in audit mode?
Access to lectures and assignments depends on your type of enrollment. If you take a course in audit mode, you will be able to see most course materials for free. To access graded assignments and to earn a Certificate, you will need to purchase the Certificate experience, during or after your audit.
Can you see your course materials in audit mode?
If you take a course in audit mode, you will be able to see most course materials for free. To access graded assignments and to earn a Certificate, you will need to purchase the Certificate experience, during or after your audit. If you don't see the audit option: The course may not offer an audit option.
What is a logic course?
This course is an introduction to Logic from a computational perspective. It shows how to encode information in the form of logical sentences; it shows how to reason with information in this form; and it provides an overview of logic technology and its applications - in ma thematics, science, engineering, business, law, and so forth .
What are the prerequisites for algebra?
There are just two prerequisites. The course presumes that the student understands sets and set operations, such as union, intersection, and so forth. It also presumes that the student is comfortable with symbolic manipulation, as used, for example, in solving high-school algebra problems. Nothing else is required.
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What do students learn in logic?
Students will learn about logic and the Christian worldview, the biblical basis for the laws of logic, if faith is contrary to reason, informal logical fallacies, and more. They also learn that God determines the correct way to reason and that He is the standard for all truth.
What is logic in high school?
Logic is the study of the principles of correct reasoning. This course will train junior high and high school students to be able to defend their faith against atheists and skeptics alike using sound reasoning.
What is logic used for?
For example, the language of Logic can be used to define virtual views of data in terms of explicitly stored tables, and it can be used to encode constraints on databases. Automated reasoning techniques can be used to compute new tables, to detect problems, and to optimize queries.
Who studied logic?
It dates back to Aristotle. It has been studied through the centuries by people like Leibniz, Boole, Russell, Turing, and many others. And it is still a subject of active investigation today.
What is the study of information encoded in the form of logical sentences?
Logic is the study of information encoded in the form of logical sentences. Each logical sentence divides the set of all possible world into two subsets - the set of worlds in which the sentence is true and the set of worlds in which the set of sentences is false.
What is propositional logic?
Propositional Logic is the logic of propositions. Symbols in the language represent "conditions" in the world, and complex sentences in the language express interrelationships among these conditions. The primary operators are Boolean connectives, such as and, or, and not.
Why do we use logic?
We use logical reasoning to derive conclusions from these bits of information. We use logical proofs to convince others of our conclusions.
How is logic used in computers?
And we are not alone! Logic is increasingly being used by computers - to prove mathematical theorems, to validate engineering designs, to diagnose failures, to encode and analyze laws and regulations and business rules.
Is logic a single field?
Although Logic is a single field of study, there is more than one logic in this field. In the three main units of this book, we look at three different types of logic, each more sophisticated than the one before. Propositional Logic is the logic of propositions.
How to do formal logic?
Learning Outcomes. At the end of the course, students will be able to: 1 Represent information in symbolic forms, notably the formal languages of categorical, propositional, and predicate logic. 2 Interpret and evaluate formalized arguments by means of formal semantic and deductive models, notably, Venn diagrams, truth tables, and formal deductive systems. 3 Calculate complex probabilities on the basis of the eight mathematical axioms of the probability calculus and Bayes’ Theorem. 4 Identify and evaluate assumptions in both inductive and deductive reasoning as they appear in our daily experience. 5 Express an understanding of the fundamental concepts of deductive (categorical, propositional, and predicate) logic and probability theory including: formal language, Boolean operator, truth table, quantification, class , argument, validity, proof, probability , and Bayes’ Theorem .
When did predicate logic start?
Predicate logic arose in the 19th century originally to aid in the clarification of mathematical arguments but has since extended its reach considerably into the fields of (notably) philosophy, linguistics, and artificial intelligence.
What are the three types of deductive reasoning?
Our study of deductive reasoning will consist in the development of three different logical systems: categorical logic, propositional logic, and predicate logic . Categorical logic (a.k.a. syllogistic logic) — which formed the basis of logic for over two thousand years — is the study of arguments whose constituent sentences express certain relations between classes (or categories) of things. Propositional logic (a.k.a. Boolean logic) is the study of arguments that depend on the a number of important sentence-connecting expressions in ordinary language like and, or , and not — expressions whose logic also lies at the foundation of modern computer systems. Predicate logic (a.k.a. first-order logic) extends propositional logic to arguments that depend on the linguistic phenomena of predication (e.g., “Socrates is a philosopher”) and quantification (e.g., “ All prime numbers except 2 are odd”). Predicate logic arose in the 19th century originally to aid in the clarification of mathematical arguments but has since extended its reach considerably into the fields of (notably) philosophy, linguistics, and artificial intelligence. To study these various logical systems, we develop in each case an appropriate formal language — a rigorously defined symbolic system — for representing a relevant class of natural language sentences. We then introduce a variety of mathematical methods for evaluating arguments that are formalized in the relevant formal language, notably, Venn diagrams (for categorical logic), truth tables (for propositional logic), and formal deductive systems (for both propositional and predicate logic).
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