Question 22 What is Rwanda's strategy for increasing its GDP and accelerating its development? seeking private investment through personal relationships with people in large businesses organizing a monetary union with other ambitious African states hiring the world's best grant writers to solicit World Bank and IMF loans selling off parts of its countryside to wealthy …
Jan 20, 2015 · Question 21 5 out of 5 points What is Rwanda’s strategy for increasing its GDP and accelerating its development? Answer Selected Answer: Correct Answer: seeking private investment through personal relationships with people in large bu
Jun 14, 2016 · View full document. See Page 1. Question 21 5 out of 5 points What is Rwanda's strategy for increasing its GDP and accelerating its development? Selected Answer: seeking private investment through personal relationships with people in large businesses Correct Answer: seeking private investment through personal relationships with people in large ...
Question 21 5 out of 5 points What is Rwanda’s strategy for increasing its GDP and accelerating its development? Answer Selected Answer: Correct Answer: seeking private investment through personal relationships with people in large businesses
The neoclassical model of economic growth describes an economy in which a single homogeneous output produced two inputs: capital and labor. Here is the growth of labor out of the reach of economics and is not affected by the economic determinants (Ristic et al. 2006). In addition, the assumption is that the economy is total competition and full employment, so that it can analyze the growth of potential output. In the analysis of economic growth, economists emphasize the need to increase capital equipment, which means that the amount of capital per worker is constantly increasing. Examples include the increase in capital equipment multiplication of agricultural machinery and irrigation systems in agricultural production, rapid railways, highways in transportation, computer and communication systems in banking, etc.
Economic growth include changes in material production and during a relative short period of time, usually one year. In economic theory, under the concept of economic growth implies an annual increase of material production expressed in value, the rate of growth of GDP or national income. Growth can be achieved, for it does not achieve the developmental course of the economy. So economic development amounts involves not only an increase in material production, but also all the other socio-economic processes and changes caused by the influence of economic and beyond economic factors.
Yet it is the most domesticated definition of the term in which the investment in the broadest sense of the word mean investment in fixed and revolving funds. Therefore we can say that the investments represent that part of the social product (in the expression of the social product or national income) that are in the process of its final allocation and use has not spent (in terms of individual, general and collective consumption), but it is used for replacement of worn and shabby and to build new capacity (Equal, 2005). If the term investments understands not only the investment for replacement of worn and disposed and to build new capacity but also an investment for the maintenance of the existing potential, this means that the concept of investment involved and the activity of the so-called. Investment maintenance. In this case, the concept of depreciation must adjust this setting, which means that the total depreciation fund parts of the part that goes to capital maintenance and part of that is spent for the replacement of worn-out and disposed of fixed assets.
Comparisons between today’s developing countries and today’s advanced economies can provide aspiration but less so in terms of recommendations about policies and institutions.
Today’s low-income countries spend more than twice on average than today’s advanced economies spent more than a century ago (Figure 1). To be sure, this difference reflects the lack of the tax instruments and systems we have today.
Countercyclical fiscal policy is a must for today’s developing countries, especially for those with abundant natural resources. However, there is overwhelming evidence that fiscal policy has been consistently pro-cyclical in developing countries, resulting in profound macroeconomic imbalances, unproductive debt build-ups, and ongoing instability.
In China, for example, average annual population growth between 1990 and 2015 was only 0.76%, perhaps as a result of that country’s former policy of limiting families to one child, while average annual per capita GDP growth was 8.72% for an overall economic growth rate of 9.48% per year.
Population growth at an average annual rate of 0.8% over the period 1700 to 2015 resulted in a 12-fold increase in world population from about 600 million in 1700 to over 7.3 billion in 2015 ( Maddison, 2001 and World Bank, 2017 ).
The World Bank (2017) publishes an online database with a great many socioeconomic variables, including population and real GDP, from 1960 to the present for most countries and world regions. Both statistical sources are used in computing the estimated growth rates reported in this article.
In the United States, the U.S. Census Bureau counts the baby boom as lasting from July 1, 1946 to July 1, 1964 ( Colby & Ortman, 2014 ). During this period, the average annual U.S. population growth rate was 1.70% which is higher than the average of 1.29% for the 20th century as a whole.
It has also been argued that population growth induced by high levels of fertility, as is often the case in low-income countries, can reduce general well-being in contrast to growth resulting from declines in mortality rates generally believed to have more benign impacts on savings and economic growth.
In addition to traditional economic development and poverty reduction goals, governments are also focusing their agricultural transformation plans on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by considering, for example, climate-smart strategies, women’s economic empowerment, and biodiversity.
Governments work toward a number of different goals, including growth in agro-processing, reduced unemployment, lower poverty incidence, food self-sufficiency, economic growth, increased exports, or lower rates of malnutrition.
For example, improvements in agricultural extension and seed systems might enable farmers to switch to a more productive hybrid seed, but lack of access to fertilizer (upon which the hybrid depends) could prevent productivity increases and leave the farmer unwilling to buy hybrid seed next time. As in any complex economic system, when so many elements are interrelated, any one of them can become a constraint and stall progress.
Agricultural transformation is more than changes in farming practices. It is about catalyzing transformation of a country’s rural economy. As such, more than agricultural trade and subsidy policies are in play. For example, laws and regulations that influence banking, labor, infrastructure, land ownership and access, access to water, telecommunications, taxes, and insurance are also critical considerations.
A PMO can concentrate talent, monitor implementation, act as a source of truth, and, in general, help get things done. The office can apply accepted project management technologies to break the transformation into discrete initiatives, each with specific goals, timing, and responsibility.
Change agents are people who farmers trust and interact with regularly. The high-level objectives of a transformation are realized in practice only when they are effectively translated to smaller, on-farm shifts. For example, increased productivity in the dairy sector might be achieved through farmers accessing better animal health technologies and better cattle breeds or joining dairy cooperatives to sell their milk. Change agents provide the critical interface with farmers. To catalyze this, a change agent might be the person providing extension knowledge, offering financing for farming inputs such as fertilizer, aggregating crops, or facilitating marketing services. For example, a change agent can help farmers make the transition from growing wheat to more complicated but lucrative opportunities such as raising tomatoes , vegetables, and orchard crops .