what are behavioral cues for obesity? course hero

What are behavioral factors of obesity?

A number of behavioural risk factors has been postulated, including diets with a high energy density, high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, large portion sizes, eating patterns, high levels of sedentary behaviour and low levels of physical activity.

What are the behavioral goals in treating obesity?

Behavioral treatment usually includes multiple components, such as keeping food and activity records (ie, self-monitoring), controlling cues associated with eating (ie, stimulus control), nutrition education, slowing eating, physical activity, problem solving, and cognitive restructuring (ie, cognitive therapy) (5,6).

What are some common behavioral strategies that can assist with weight loss?

HolidaysKeep tempting foods out of sight.Decorate the house without using food.Have low-calorie beverages and foods on hand for guests.Allow yourself one planned treat a day.Don't skip meals to save up for the holiday feast. Eat regular, planned meals.

What is cognitive behavioral therapy for obesity?

Personalized cognitive-behavioural therapy for obesity (CBT-OB) is a new treatment that combines the traditional procedures of standard behavioural therapy for obesity (i.e., self-monitoring, goal setting, stimulus control, contingency management, behavioural substitution, skills for increasing social support, problem ...

What are included in the behavioral patterns encouraged to prevent obesity?

Patients should be encouraged to use a variety of techniques including problem solving, regular physical activity, relaxation exercises, engaging social supports or other cognitive strategies (e.g., positive self-talk). Maintaining motivation over the long term can be a challenge.

What technique could be used to determine the amount of calories a person expends each day multiple select question?

What technique could be used to determine the amount of calories a person expends each day? body heat released by a person. You just studied 45 terms!

How is waist to hip ratio related to central obesity?

The waist to hip ratio (WHR) is a simple measure of central obesity. The score from the WHR predicts the risk of developing several conditions associated with excess abdominal fat. All you need to measure your WHR is a measuring tape.

What are the complications of obesity?

ComplicationsHeart disease and strokes. Obesity makes you more likely to have high blood pressure and abnormal cholesterol levels, which are risk factors for heart disease and strokes.Type 2 diabetes. ... Certain cancers. ... Digestive problems. ... Sleep apnea. ... Osteoarthritis. ... Severe COVID-19 symptoms.

How does behavioral approach help with obesity?

Using a behavioral approach to obesity management is an effective way for physicians, surgeons, extenders, dietitians, nurses, pharmacists, mental health clinicians, social workers, and other health professionals, coordinating their knowledge and activity as an interprofessional team, to produce better weight loss outcomes. [24] As a part of intensive lifestyle interventions, it augments pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery. Care coordination between these health professionals can elevate the level of care offered to complex patients who have failed initial weight loss measures. Primary care providers are generally on the frontlines when it comes to identifying and treating psychiatric disorders associated with obesity and are encouraged to be part of an interprofessional team to facilitate appropriate referrals. In any clinical setting, clinicians should create a healthcare facility environment where the team prioritizes weight-friendly infrastructure, uses unbiased language, and encourages the spirit of empathy. This environment will foster the patient-centered spirit of MI.

What is MI in obesity?

When treating a person with obesity, MI acts as a bridge between evaluation and management decisions in the clinician's mind and interventions. Standard interventions for obesity management include intensive lifestyle interventions (diet, exercise, and behavioral treatments), pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery. Intensive lifestyle intervention remains one of the most foundational tools available for treating obesity. It has the lowest cost and lowest risk. Persons with eating disorders do not respond as well to MI and may need further behavioral treatments, specifically CBT or ACT. This is especially applicable if the patient is being considered for bariatric surgery - a high cost and high-risk procedure, where there is a high prevalence of eating disorders and depression in preoperative candidates. [13] [16] Therefore perioperative guidelines recommend that patients undergo a clinical evaluation with a mental health professional before surgery. [17]

How can behavior modification help with overeating?

By learning behavior-modification techniques that will help you to redefine your attitudes and beliefs about food as well as your self-esteem, you can use behavior therapy to treat compulsive overeating.

What is behavior modification?

Behavior modification is an approach that has been used very successfully to change life habits like smoking, overeating, stress management, and exercise. Over the past 35 years, much has been learned about how to apply behavior modification more successfully and it is now accepted as a very important part of a good weight control program.

What is the purpose of behavior modification therapy?

The purpose of behavior modification therapy in obese people is to help change behaviors that contribute to obesity and initiate new dietary and physical activity behaviors that are needed to lose weight. Behavioral therapy for obesity should involve:

What are patients taught to do?

Patients are taught to remove cues for inappropriate behaviors and to increase cues for appropriate behavior (e.g., to refrain from bringing ice cream into the house, to put the exercise bike where it can be more easily seen and used).

Is keeping track of food intake good for weight loss?

Keeping a food journal (research has shown that keeping track of food intake is associated with weight loss)

How can health care providers become more involved in preventing obesity?

Health care providers must become more involved in preventing obesity and incorporate multiple behavioral interventions in managing and preventing obesity. There is a need to transition from prescribing only diet and exercise as lifestyle interventions to a more holistic approach that includes behavioral treatment. This multidisciplinary approach to obesity management will foster patient compliance, adherence, and maintenance of lifestyle modification.

What are the methods of obesity management?

Other methods include behavior modification, adjunctive pharmacotherapy, and surgical approach [14,16]. The recommendations for the management of obesity are represented in Table 1.

How long does it take to lose weight with behavioral modification?

Over the past 20 years, multiple studies reported that behavioral interventions lasting over four months lead to an average weight loss of 0.45 kg (1 lb) per week [14,16,28,29]. The administration of multiple interventions produces a more significant weight loss [14]. After nine to ten months of behavioral treatment, a greater percentage of patients (about two-thirds) achieve and maintain weight loss [14]. In addition to exercise and diet, multiple studies consistently prove that extended behavioral treatment achieves a significant weight loss [11,14,15,24,26,28,29].

What is behavioral modification?

Behavior modification is a structured method for improving lifestyle habits such as exercise, diet, and other practices that might influence behavior [14]. Behavior modification includes goal-setting, stimulus control, stress factors management, self-monitoring, cognitive restructuring, stress management, problem-solving, and support systems [14,15]. Behavioral interventions, exercise, and diet lead to more effective and sustainable weight maintenance [14,15].

What is the definition of obesity?

Obesity and overweight are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation [1] and weight gain exceeding the standard indicator values [1,2]. Overweight and obesity are the leading lifestyle-related causes of clinical and public health concerns [2]. Obesity is often measured using the body mass index (BMI), where BMI = weight (kg)/height (m 2) [1,3] . BMI greater than 25 is considered overweight, and over 30 is obese. Obesity is now an epidemic, with over four million people dying each year due to being overweight or obese in 2017 [1].

What is stimulus control?

Stimulus control is simply conditioning, classical, and operant conditioning. It involves the identification of environmental cues associated with eating habits and inactivity. Controlling these cues can help sustain weight loss and prevent relapse [3,14,25]. Patients can implement these strategies by eating only at the dining without distractions from electronic devices, avoid storing snacks at home, bringing out active wears the night before a workout day, and a reminder note on the refrigerator or any other visible surface [3,14,25]. A collaborative patient-physician effort should develop a practical and sustainable customized stimulus control plan [14]. The primary focus should be to create a suitable environment that supports weight management goals and strategies [3,14]. The environment can be modified to encourage a healthy lifestyle by building practical and goal-oriented networks suitable for walking (such as pedestrian pathways), cycling (for bicycles), and safe recreational spaces (such as local parks and centers) [3,14,26]. It is recommended that patients remove inactivity triggers to avoid relapse [3].

How does self monitoring help with weight loss?

Intentional surveillance and record of food and daily physical activities positively influence self-consciousness and personal behaviors. In addition, self-monitoring allows more time to self-reflect before making decisions, promoting healthier food choices [11,20]. Tools involved in self-monitoring are food diaries used to record a breakdown of daily caloric food content, nutrient groups, physical activity logs ( type and duration), body weight, and mass [14]. Although patients are not always accurate in documenting their diet and exercise behaviors [19], the purpose of self-monitoring is to create awareness. Self-awareness helps patients understand how their daily choices can be beneficial or detrimental to their weight management efforts. Self-monitoring records can also provide information to identify activity contingencies targeted for intervention [21].

Abstract

For many individuals, the practice of overeating is crucial in the development and maintenance of the obese state. Behavior theory views excessive eating leading to obesity as an overlearned habit, strongly conditioned to numerous internal and external cues.

References (3)

One scarcely has to build a case for the seriousness of obesity as a hazard to both physical and psychological health. Obesity is associated with coronary heart disease, atherothrombotic brain infarction, congestive heart failure, high blood pressure, high serum cholesterol, high triglycerides, and high density lipoproteins.