According to Arrhenius acid-base theory. All acid liberate protons (H+ ions) when dissolved in water. All bases liberate Hydroxyl ions (OH- ions) in water.
Acids, bases and salts, dissociate (separate) into electrolytes (ions) when placed in water. Acids dissociate into H+ and an anion, bases dissociate into OH- and a cation, and salts dissociate into a cation (that is not H+) and an anion (that is not OH-). Figure 2.4.
Arrhenius baseAn Arrhenius base is any substance that gives the OH-, or hydroxide, ion when it dissolves in water.
Acids are substances that dissociates in water to give hydrogen ions H+ (aq) and bases are substances that produce hydroxyl ions OH–(aq). Therefore acid solution contains only H+ ions.
The OH- ion released by water will remain in the solution. Therefore an acidic solution always contain some OH- ions in it.
Acids in water solution dissociate H+ ions. Base, when dissolved in water, produces OH– ion. When an acidic solution is diluted with water, the concentration of H+ ions decreases and the pH of the solution increases towards 7.
hydrogen ionsAcids when dissolved in water produce hydrogen ions.
What happens when acids dissociate in water? An acid dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and anions in an aqueous (watery) solution. A strong acid's molecules dissociate, resulting in a large concentration of H+.