you are caring for a patient who is going to have an open renal biopsy course hero

What should the primary care physician be notified of renal brush biopsy?

Hematuria and renal colic are common and expected findings after the performance of a renal brush biopsy. The physician should be notified of the patient's body temperature, which likely indicates the onset of an infectious process. IV infiltration does not warrant notification of the primary care physician.

When is a renal biopsy recommended for kidney disease?

A renal biopsy is recommended for certain people with kidney disease. It may be performed when other blood and urine tests cannot give enough information. The following are the most common reasons for kidney biopsy.

What are common postoperative findings following a renal brush biopsy for colic?

Hematuria and renal colic are common and expected findings after the performance of a renal brush biopsy. The physician should be notified of the patient's body temperature, which likely indicates the onset of an infectious process.

What are the possible complications of a renal biopsy?

Rare complications include infection, damage to blood vessels or other organs, or urine leaks. Bleeding — Bleeding is the most common complication of renal biopsy. Many people may notice blood in their urine for several days after a renal biopsy.

The care team is considering the use of dialysis in a patient whose renal function is progressively declining. Renal replacement therapy is indicated in which of the following situations? A) When the patient's creatinine level drops below 1.2 mg/dL (110 mmol/L) B) When the patient's blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is above 15 mg/dL C) When approximately 40% of nephrons are not functioning D) When about 80% of the nephrons are no longer functioning

Ans: D Feedback: When the total number of functioning nephrons is less than 20%, renal replacement therapy needs to be considered. Dialysis is an...

A nurse knows that specific areas in the ureters have a propensity for obstruction. Prompt management of renal calculi is most important when the stone is located where? A) In the ureteropelvic junction B) In the ureteral segment near the sacroiliac junction C) In the ureterovesical junction D) In the urethra

Ans: A Feedback: The three narrowed areas of each ureter are the ureteropelvic junction, the ureteral segment near the sacroiliac junction, and th...

A nurse is caring for a patient with impaired renal function. A creatinine clearance measurement has been ordered. The nurse should facilitate collection of what samples? A) A fasting serum potassium level and a random urine sample B) A 24-hour urine specimen and a serum creatinine level midway through the urine collection process C) A BUN and serum creatinine level on three consecutive mornings D) A sterile urine specimen and an electrolyte panel, including sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus values

Ans: B Feedback: To calculate creatinine clearance, a 24-hour urine specimen is collected. Midway through the collection, the serum creatinine lev...

The nurse is assessing a patient's bladder by percussion. The nurse elicits dullness after the patient has voided. How should the nurse interpret this assessment finding? A) The patient's bladder is not completely empty. B) The patient has kidney enlargement. C) The patient has a ureteral obstruction. D) The patient has a fluid volume deficit.

Ans: A Feedback: Dullness to percussion of the bladder following voiding indicates incomplete bladder emptying. Enlargement of the kidneys can be...

The nurse is providing pre-procedure teaching about an ultrasound. The nurse informs the patient that in preparation for an ultrasound of the lower urinary tract the patient will require what? A) Increased fluid intake to produce a full bladder B) IV administration of radiopaque contrast agent C) Sedation and intubation D) Injection of a radioisotope

Ans: A Feedback: Ultrasonography requires a full bladder; therefore, fluid intake should be encouraged before the procedures. The administration o...

The nurse is caring for a patient who has a fluid volume deficit. When evaluating this patient's urinalysis results, what should the nurse anticipate? A) A fluctuating urine specific gravity B) A fixed urine specific gravity C) A decreased urine specific gravity D) An increased urine specific gravity

Ans: D Feedback: Urine specific gravity depends largely on hydration status. A decrease in fluid intake will lead to an increase in the urine spec...

A geriatric nurse is performing an assessment of body systems on an 85-year-old patient. The nurse should be aware of what age-related change affecting the renal or urinary system? A) Increased ability to concentrate urine B) Increased bladder capacity C) Urinary incontinence D) Decreased glomerular filtration rate

Ans: D Feedback: Many age-related changes in the renal and urinary systems should be taken into consideration when taking a health history of the...

A nurse is preparing a patient diagnosed with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) for a lower urinary tract cystoscopic examination. The nurse informs the patient that the most common temporary complication experienced after this procedure is what? A) Urinary retention B) Bladder perforation C) Hemorrhage D) Nausea

Ans: A Feedback: After a cystoscopic examination, the patient with obstructive pathology may experience urine retention if the instruments used du...

A patient with renal failure secondary to diabetic nephropathy has been admitted to the medical unit. What is the most life-threatening effect of renal failure for which the nurse should monitor the patient? A) Accumulation of wastes B) Retention of potassium C) Depletion of calcium D) Lack of BP control

Ans: B Feedback: Retention of potassium is the most life-threatening effect of renal failure. Aldosterone causes the kidney to excrete potassium,...

Why is the ureteropelvic junction the most serious?

Obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction is the most serious because of its close proximity to the kidney and the risk of associated kidney dysfunction. The urethra is not part of the ureter, so option D is incorrect. 3. A nurse is caring for a patient with impaired renal function.

What is renal insufficiency?

1. A patient with renal insufficiency has been hospitalized on your unit. The patient knows that renal function depends upon the functional status of nephrons. The patient asks you when she will need to start dialysis based upon loss of nephron function. What would you respond?

What does it mean when a patient's weight has increased by 5 pounds in the past 24 hours?

The nurse notes that evaluation of the patient's intake and output records for the prior 24 hours indicate greater fluid intake than urine output.

What substances are reabsorbed by the glomerulus?

Feedback: The various substances normally filtered by the glomerulus, reabsorbed by the tubules, and excreted in the urine include sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, potassium, glucose, urea, creatinine, and uric acid. Within the tubule, some of these substances are selectively reabsorbed into the blood.

Does aldosterone cause potassium to be excreted?

Aldosterone causes the kidney to excrete potassium, in contrast to aldosterone's effects on sodium described previously. Acid-base balance, the amount of dietary potassium intake, and the flow rate of the filtrate in the distal tubule also influence the amount of potassium secreted into the urine.

What is the feedback of bladder obstruction?

Feedback: An obstruction of the bladder outlet, such as in advanced benign prostatic hyperplasia, results in abnormally high voiding pressure with a slow, prolonged flow of urine. The urine may remain in the bladder, which increases the potential of a urinary tract infection.

What substances are reabsorbed by the glomerulus?

The various substances normally filtered by the glomerulus, reabsorbed by the tubules, and excreted in the urine include sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, potassium, glucose, urea, creatinine, and uric acid. Within the tubule, some of these substances are selectively reabsorbed into the blood.

Does aldosterone cause potassium to be excreted?

Aldosterone causes the kidney to excrete potassium, in contrast to aldosterone's effects on sodium described previously. Acidñbase balance, the amount of dietary potassium intake, and the flow rate of the filtrate in the distal tubule also influence the amount of potassium secreted into the urine.

Is dialysis a renal replacement?

therapy needs to be considered. Dialysis is an example of a renal replacement therapy. Prior to the loss of about 80% of the nephron functioning ability, the patient may have mild symptoms of compromised renal function, but symptom management is often obtained through dietary modifications and drug therapy.

What is the kidney system?

To begin, the renal system is composed of two kidneys, two ureters, one bladder, and one urethra. It’s often referred to as the urinary system or the genitourinary system. And here’s a fun fact for you: Every 30 minutes your kidneys filter your entire blood supply removing poisons, toxins, wastes, and excess fluid.

How is urine excreted in a NCLEX?

For renal NCLEX questions, remember that urine excreted by the kidneys is pushed through the ureters, tubes connected to each kidney that connect to the bladder. The ureters have small values to prevent the backflow of urine into the kidneys. Next, the bladder collects the urine and it is then excreted out of the body by the urethra.

How does urine creatinine work?

Urine creatinine tells us how well the kidneys are working by measuring the amount of creatinine in the urine. Healthy kidneys should be filtering creatinine out of the blood and expelling it through urination.

What is the name of the part of the kidney that filters blood?

Cortex — The name for the outside of the kidney. Nephrons — Each kidney is made up of about 2 million nephrons . Glomeruli — Each nephron has a glomeruli that filters blood and is measured by the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

What hormones are involved in the kidneys?

Hormones and Enzymes Related to the Renal System. There are four endocrine hormones and enzymes that prompt the kidneys that you should know for renal NCLEX questions: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) — ADH production occurs in the pituitary gland and controls the water in the blood serum and body.

When is the NCLEX written?

Written on June 21, 2020. Focused studying and regularly answering practice NCLEX questions are your keys to the nursing kingdom. But before you get to wear that coveted badge with your credentials after your name, you’ll need to pass the NCLEX exam. If you’ve been on the hunt for renal NCLEX questions or have just been wondering ...

What are the kidneys? What are their functions?

In addition to filtering blood and maintaining electrolyte balance, they also produce important hormones, activate vitamin D, produce erythropoietin, and control blood pressure.