The life course perspective is a sociological way of defining the process of life through the context of a culturally defined sequence of age categories that people are normally expected to pass through as they progress from birth to death.
Updated October 28, 2019 The life course perspective is a sociological way of defining the process of life through the context of a culturally defined sequence of age categories that people are normally expected to pass through as they progress from birth to death.
Included in the cultural conceptions of the life course is some idea of how long people are expected to live and ideas about what constitutes “premature” or “untimely” death as well as the notion of living a full life — when and who to marry, and even how susceptible the culture is to infectious diseases.
The fact that development often involves continuities speaks to the fact that over time, humans tend to a. remain the same. b. become more intelligent. c. become less active. d. undergo orderly patterns of change. 3. Albert, a developmental psychologist, conducts research on children's emotional reactions to studying math in school.
Terms in this set (67) Lifespan Development -- is the field of study that examines patterns of growth, change, and stability in behavior that occur throughout the entire lifespan. Orientation to Lifespan Development
Life course theory has five distinct principles: (a) time and place; (b) life-span development; (c) timing; (d) agency; and (e) linked lives. We used these principles to examine and explain high-risk pregnancy, its premature conclusion, and subsequent mothering of medically fragile preterm infants.
Life course theory (LCT) looks at how chronological age, relationships, common life transitions, life events, social change, and human agency shape people's lives from birth to death. It locates individual and family development in cultural and historical contexts.
Three types of time are central to a life course perspective: individual time, generational time, and historical time (Price, McKenry, and Murphy 2000).
The life course perspective or life course theory (LCT) is a multidisciplinary approach to understanding the mental, physical and social health of individuals, which incorporates both life span and life stage concepts that determine the health trajectory.
The life course perspective looks at how chronological age, relationships, life transitions, and social change shapes the life from birth to death.
Life course theory argues that specific events in one's life motivate one to desist from crimes, and this eventually prompts an individual to lead a normal life. These events are called turning points.
The four stages of the life course are childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. Socialization continues throughout all these stages.
Family development theory focuses on the systematic and patterned changes experienced by families as they move through their life course. The term family as used here represents a social group containing at least one parent-child relationship. The family group is organized and governed by social norms.
Examples include: an individual who gets married at the age of 20 is more likely to have a relatively early transition of having a baby, raising a baby and sending a child away when a child is fully grown up in comparison to his/her age group.
1960sThe life course approach, also known as the life course perspective or life course theory, refers to an approach developed in the 1960s for analyzing people's lives within structural, social, and cultural contexts.
Life course perspective is a theory used in the social sciences that looks at how a person grows and changes over time. Researchers using this theory may study a cohort, or a group of people born during a particular timeframe who've experienced similar historical events.
Definition of Life Course (noun) The entirety of individual's life from birth to death and the typical set of circumstances an individual experiences in a given society as they age.
In the natural sciences a critical period of development refers to a time window when intrinsic changes in the organisation of living systems or sub-systems towards increasing complexity, greater adaptivity and more efficient functioning occurs rapidly and may be most easily modified in a favourable or unfavourable direction. In life course epidemiology the relevance of changes during a critical period is in respect of their long term effects on disease risk many years later. Thus, we define a critical period as a limited time window in which an exposure can have adverse or protective effects on development and subsequent disease outcome. Outside this developmental window there is no excess disease risk associated with exposure."
The tendency for population growth to continue beyond the time that replacement-level fertility has been achieved because of the relatively high concentration of people in the childbearing years.
The study of long term effects of later health or disease risk of physical or social exposures during gestation, childhood adolescence, young adulthood and later adult life. The aim is to elucidate biological, behavioral, and psychosocial processes that operate across an individuals' life course, or across generations to influence the development of disease risk
Life expectancy helps us to estimate how long individuals live in a population. Life expectancy has multiple influences across the lifespan. Life expectancy as a statistic is usually expressed as life expectancy at birth. It is to be read as a calculated number as applied to a hypothetical group of people who pass through life subject to age-specific death rates in the year they were born.
An expression denoting an individual's passage through life, analyzed as a sequence of significant life-events, including birth, marriage, parenthood, divorce, and retirement."
Socio-economic, cultural, and environment variables that influence fertility by affecting direct (proximal) determinants.
Used in two ways: 1- The period between exposure and disease onset. A long latency period can make it difficult to detect the true casual agent . 2- "Latency period refers to the period between disease initiation and detection, and is a characteristic of the disease (onset of symptoms) or the healthcare system (diagnosing the disease)" "Time lags between exposure, disease initiation, and clinical recognition (latency period) suggest that exposures early in life are involved in initiating disease processes prior to clinical manifestations"
Standardizing of the ages at which social role transitions occur, by developing policies and laws that regulate the timing of these transition. Ex- In the US. there are laws and regulations about the ages for compulsory education, working driving, drinking, being tried as an adult, marrying, holding public office , and receiving pensions and social insurance.
Cohorts tend to have different life trajectories because of the unique historical events each cohort encounters. Human agency in making choices. Human agency particularly personal agency, allows for extensive individual differences in life course trajectories as individuals plan and make choices between options.
Long-term pattern of stability and change, which usually involves multiple transitions (1)Ex- getting married but its transition leads to a longer martial pathway that will probably have some stability but will probably involve other transitions along the way. (2)educational trajectories, family life trajectories, health trajectories and work trajectories
A transition can become a turning point under five conditions: (1)When transitions occurs simultaneously with crisis or is followed by a crisis. (2)When the transition involves family conflict over the needs and wants of individuals and the greater good of the family unit.
Human lives are interdependent, and the family is the primary arena for experiencing and interpreting wider historical, cultural, and social phenomena. The differing patterns of social networks in which persons are embedded produced very different differences in life course experiences.
Social age. Refers to age-graded roles and behaviors expected by society-in other words, the socially constructed meaning of various ages. Age norm. is used to indicate the behaviors that are expected of people of specific age in a given society at a particular point in time.
Turning point. Life event or transition that produces a lasting shift in the life course trajectory. Cohort effects. When distinctive formative experiences are shared at the same point in the life course and have a lasting impact on a birth cohort. Ex- cohort that were young children at the time of economic downturn,
focuses on the processes that allow people to know, understand, and think about the world. Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development. a) Jean Piaget (1896 - 1980) proposed that all people pass in a fixed sequence through a series of universal stages of cognitive development.
4. Lifespan developmentalists focus on change and growth in addition to stability, consistency, and continuity in people's lives.
a) Contemporary psychological research supports the idea that unconscious memories have an influence on our behavior.
Fixation. behavior reflecting an earlier stage of development, may occur. Psychosocial Development. is the approach that encompasses changes in the understanding individuals have of both their interactions with others, and others' behavior, and of themselves as members of society.
1. Developmental psychologists test their assumptions about the nature and course of human development by applying scientific methods.
Psychosexual Development (stages) (1) Oral (birth to 12-18 months) (2) Anal (12 - 18 months to 3 years)
theme of the LCP that describes how particular roles and behaviors are associated with particular age groups, based on biological age, psychological age, social age, and spiritual age
T or F: Blended families are made up of individuals of different races or ethnicities.
Eloise has always worked jobs in child care and hospitality. She has not had a raise or a promotion in any of her jobs. This might be described as:
a healthy development in the face of risk factors; the result of protective factors that shield the individual from the consequences of potential hazards
a group of persons who were born during the same time period and who experience particular social changes within a given culture in the same sequence and at the same age; similar to the term generation
six themes of the life course perspective
looks at how chronological age, relationships, common life transitions, and social change shape people's lives from conception to death; views the life course as a path with both continuities and twists and turns; calls attention to how historical time, social location, and culture affect the individual experience of each life stage
Developmental psychology looks for universal, predictable events and pathways, but the life course perspective calls attention to how historical time, social location, and culture affect the individual experience of each life stage
Healthy development in the face of risk factors. Thought to be the result of protective factors that shield the individual from the consequences of potential hazards.
The intentional or unintentional act or process of placing restrictions on a individual, group, or institution; may include observable actions but more typically refers to complex, covert, interconnected processes and practices (such as discriminating, devaluing, and exploiting a group of individuals) reflected in and perpetuating exclusion and inequalities over time.
Society's aim to develop policies that will be applied to persons of a certain age group.
Researchers in this tradition have begun to recognize the power of humans to use protective factors to assist in a self-righting process over the life course to fare well in the face of adversity, a process known as resilience