Standard deviation (SD) is the most commonly used measure of dispersion. It is a measure of spread of data about the mean. SD is the square root of sum of squared deviation from the mean divided by the number of observations.
Relative measures include coefficients of range, quartile deviation, variation, and mean deviation. Hence, Quartile is not the measure of dispersion.
The two most common measures of dispersion are: range and standard deviation. The range, the difference between the highest and lowest data values in a data set, indicates the total spread of the data. The standard deviation is found by determining how much each data item differs from the mean. 1.
The interquartile range is one of the four measures of dispersion, and is the difference between the upper and lower quartiles. Thus, option c is right.
Standard deviation, Range, Mean absolute difference, Median absolute deviation, Interquartile change, and Average deviation are examples of measures of dispersion.
Of all the measures of dispersion, the range is the easiest to determine.
Standard Deviation, Variance, and Range are measures of dispersion but the Mean, Mode, and Median are the measure of central tendency.
Dispersion. the pattern of spacing among individuals within the boundaries of the population.
The range, variance, and standard deviation are three types of measures of dispersion.
Absolute Measure of Dispersion includes range, variance, standard deviation, quartiles and quartile deviation, and mean and mean deviation.
The coefficient of variation is a relative measure of dispersion.
It should be precisely and clearly defined.It should be based on the observations of data.It should not be unduly affected by the presence of extreme values.It should be treated algebraically.
The two most commonly used measures of dispersion are the variance and the standard deviation.
There are five most commonly used measures of dispersion. These are range, variance, standard deviation, mean deviation, and quartile deviation. The most important use of measures of dispersion is that they help to get an understanding of the distribution of data.
1 : the act or process of dispersing : the state of being dispersed. 2 : the separation of light into colors by refraction or diffraction with formation of a spectrum also : the separation of radiation into components in accordance with some varying characteristic (as energy) 3a : a dispersed substance.
Characteristics of a Good Measure of Dispersion It should be based on all the observations of the series. It should be rigidly defined. It should not be affected by extreme values. It should not be unduly affected by sampling fluctuations.
used to describe the spread of data items in a data set. The two most common measures of dispersion are: range and standard deviation.
The standard deviation is found by determining how much each data item differs from the mean. 1. Find the mean of the data items. 2. Find the deviation of each data item from the mean: data item - mean. 3. Square each deviation: (data item - mean)^2. 4. Sum the squared deviations: ∑(data item - mean)^2.
Measures of dispersion measure the scatter of the data, that is how far the values in the distribution are. These measures capture the variation between different values of the data. Intuitively, dispersion is the measure of the extent to which the points of the distribution differ from the average of the distribution. Measures of dispersion can be classified into two categories shown below:
These measures of deviation are expressed in the form of ratios, percentages. For example – Standard Deviation divided by the mean is an example of a relative measure. These measures are always dimensionless and are also known as the coefficient of dispersion. These measures come in handy while comparing the variation of two datasets that have different units. For example, consider two datasets of weights of students. In one dataset, the weight is measured in Kilograms, and in another one, it is measured in grams. Both will have equivalent variation in the values but since the units are different, absolute measures of dispersion will give a very high value for the dispersion in the dataset with weights in grams. Since absolute measures of dispersion are not appropriate in these cases, the relative measures of dispersion are used.
Now adding the deviations, shows that there is zero deviation from the mean which is incorrect. Thus, to counter this problem only the absolute values of the difference are taken while calculating the mean deviation.
The Lorenz curve is an important part of economics. It is a representation of the distribution of wealth and income. It was developed by Max.O. Lorenz to represent the inequality of wealth distribution. The figure below shows a typical Lorenz curve. The area enclosed between the straight line and the curved line is called the Gini coefficient. The further away the curved line is from the straight line, the more inequality in the wealth is indicated.
The range is the difference between the largest and the smallest values in the distribution. Thus, it can be written as R = L – S where L stands for the largest value in the distribution and S stands for the smallest value in the distribution. Higher the value of range implies higher variation. One drawback of this measure is that it only takes into account the maximum and the minimum value which might not always be the proper indicator of how the values of the distribution are scattered.
This curve is used in a lot of fields such as ecology, studies of biodiversity, and business modeling.
Note: Range cannot be calculated for the open-ended frequency distributions. Open-ended frequency distributions are those distributions in which either the lower limit of the lowest class or the higher limit of the highest class is not defined.
The measures of dispersion are important as it helps in understanding how much a data is spread (i.e. its variation) around a central value.
Dispersion is the state of getting dispersed or spread. Statistical dispersion means the extent to which a numerical data is likely to vary about an average value. In other words, dispersion helps to understand the distribution of the data.
An absolute measure of dispersion contains the same unit as the original data set. Absolute dispersion method expresses the variations in terms of the average of deviations of observations like standard or means deviations. It includes range, standard deviation, quartile deviation, etc.
The coefficients of dispersion are calculated (along with the measure of dispersion) when two series are compared, that differ widely in their averages. The dispersion coefficient is also used when two series with different measurement units are compared. It is denoted as C.D.
Mean and Mean Deviation: The average of numbers is known as the mean and the arithmetic mean of the absolute deviations of the observations from a measure of central tendency is known as the mean deviation (also called mean absolute deviation).