Saliva is composed of a variety of electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, bicarbonate, and phosphates. Also found in saliva are immunoglobulins, proteins, enzymes, mucins, and nitrogenous products, such as urea and ammonia.
CompositionWater: 99.5%Electrolytes: ... Mucus (mucus in saliva mainly consists of mucopolysaccharides and glycoproteins)Antibacterial compounds (thiocyanate, hydrogen peroxide, and secretory immunoglobulin A)Epidermal growth factor (EGF)Various enzymes; most notably:More items...
From the listed items, the only one that is not a component of saliva is (e) protease.
It is composed of water, mucus, proteins, mineral salts, and amylase. As saliva circulates in the mouth cavity it picks up food debris, bacterial cells, and white blood cells.
What is the main component of saliva? The main component of saliva is water, although it also contains mucus, an enzyme that kills bacteria, antibacterial compounds, electrolytes and two digestive enzymes.
Normal glucose levels in saliva are 0.5–1.00 mg/100 ml and do not considerably have an effect on oral health or support the growth of microorganisms.
Salivary amylase enzymes in the saliva also break down starch in foods. However, saliva does not conatin pepsin, which is a digestive enzyme that is not present in the mouth.
Solution : Lacrimal gland is present in the eye and secretes tears. It is not a salivary gland.
This enzyme is produced by salivary glands known as a glucose-polymer cleavage enzyme, which converts starch into dextrin and maltose. The ion that activates salivary amylase: Salivary amylase can be activated by chloride ions. It catalyzes the chemical reaction of the body and helps in the digestion process.
1.2 Organic and inorganic constituents of salivaSalivary componentFunctionLysozymeHydrolysis of cell membraneMucinsDigestion, lubrication, and pellicle formationProteaseDigestionWaterMucosal integrity5 more rows•Oct 23, 2019
The three main pairs of salivary glands are the parotid glands, the sublingual glands, and the submandibular glands.
Keeps your mouth moist and comfortable. Helps you chew, taste, and swallow. Fights germs in your mouth and prevents bad breath. Has proteins and minerals that protect tooth enamel and prevent tooth decay and gum disease.
1.2 Organic and inorganic constituents of salivaSalivary componentFunctionLysozymeHydrolysis of cell membraneMucinsDigestion, lubrication, and pellicle formationProteaseDigestionWaterMucosal integrity5 more rows•Oct 23, 2019
Saliva has various functions.Cleaning effect of washing away food debris.Makes swallowing food easier.Antibacterial effect of fighting off bacteria entering the mouth.Lubricating effect that protects mucous membranes.pH buffering effect that prevents caries.Effect of promoting remineralization of teeth.More items...
Saliva contains special enzymes that help digest the starches in your food. An enzyme called amylase breaks down starches (complex carbohydrates) into sugars, which your body can more easily absorb. Saliva also contains an enzyme called lingual lipase, which breaks down fats.
Saliva is a clear liquid made by several glands in your mouth area. Saliva is an important part of a healthy body. It is mostly made of water. But saliva also contains important substances that your body needs to digest food and keep your teeth strong.
In addition, these macromolecules form tooth enamel pellicle and a viscoelastic mucosal coat and and cleanse and aggregate debris and bacteria from the oral cavity (Heramia, 2002). Saliva contains growth factors and a variety of antimicrobial constituents (Shugars and Wahl, 1998).There is a strong relationship between functions-constituents of saliva and a number of salivary proteins ...
Aim: The aim of this study was to perform a literature review about the composition and functions of saliva as well as describe the factors that influence salivary flow (SF) and its biochemical composition. Background: Saliva represents an increasingly useful auxiliary means of diagnosis. Sialometry and sialochemistry are used to diagnose systemic illnesses, monitoring general health, and as ...
1 The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, Volume 9, No. 3, March 1, 2008 Saliva Composition and Functions: A Comprehensive Review Aim: The aim of this study was to perform a literature review about the composition and functions of saliva as well as describe the factors that influence salivary flow (SF) and its biochemical composition.
Type of Saliva produced by each Salivary Glands: Whole Saliva: It is not just the contents of the saliva which is produced or released from the Salivary Glands but the Saliva which is found in the Oral Cavity.
Sodium, Potassium and Bicarbonates – Help in Osmolarity, Bicarbonates act as the main buffering ion.
Histatins: These are histidine rich proteins which are known to have anti microbial activity against certain bacteria such as – Streptococcus mutans, and also act on P. Gingivalis by inhibiting hemoagglutination of the periopathogen. They also act on Fungal infections like Candida Albicans in yeast form and mycelial form. The histatins present in saliva are 1, 3 and 5.
Agglutinin: It has sticky properties which helps in clumping of bacteria which can be easily flushed away by saliva and swallowed.
Glycoproteins or Mucins: This acts as a lubricant which helps in swallowing, chewing or mastication, speech and also acts as a protective barriers against excessive wear. It also has Antibacterial properties by selective adhesion and clearance of microbes.
Immunoglobulins: Saliva consists of IgG, IgM and IgA out of which IgA is the most predominant. IgA helps in reducing bacterial growth by binding to specific bacterial antigen, affects specific enzymes essential for bacterial metabolism and inhibits bacterial colonization.
Type of Saliva produced by each Salivary Glands: Whole Saliva: It is not just the contents of the saliva which is produced or released from the Salivary Glands but the Saliva which is found in the Oral Cavity.
Sodium, Potassium and Bicarbonates – Help in Osmolarity, Bicarbonates act as the main buffering ion.
Histatins: These are histidine rich proteins which are known to have anti microbial activity against certain bacteria such as – Streptococcus mutans, and also act on P. Gingivalis by inhibiting hemoagglutination of the periopathogen. They also act on Fungal infections like Candida Albicans in yeast form and mycelial form. The histatins present in saliva are 1, 3 and 5.
Agglutinin: It has sticky properties which helps in clumping of bacteria which can be easily flushed away by saliva and swallowed.
Glycoproteins or Mucins: This acts as a lubricant which helps in swallowing, chewing or mastication, speech and also acts as a protective barriers against excessive wear. It also has Antibacterial properties by selective adhesion and clearance of microbes.
Immunoglobulins: Saliva consists of IgG, IgM and IgA out of which IgA is the most predominant. IgA helps in reducing bacterial growth by binding to specific bacterial antigen, affects specific enzymes essential for bacterial metabolism and inhibits bacterial colonization.