Gymnosperms are a smaller, more ancient group, and it consists of plants that produce “naked seeds” (seeds that are not protected by a fruit). There are more than 1,000 species of gymnosperms still found on Earth. The key difference between angiosperms and gymnosperms is how their seeds are developed.
Herbivores attack bracken ferns strikingly less often than flowering plants. One explanation for this phenomenon could be that fern fronds contain especially toxic substances that keep pest insects at bay: Chemical composition analysis detected indanones, cyanogenic glycosides and tannins, amongst other substances.
GymnospermsGymnosperms were the first seed plants to have evolved. The earliest seedlike bodies are found in rocks of the Upper Devonian Series (about 382.7 million to 358.9 million years ago). During the course of the evolution of the seed habit, a number of morphological modifications were necessary.
Plant structural traits such as leaf surface wax, thorns or trichomes, and cell wall thickness/ and lignification form the first physical barrier to feeding by the herbivores, and the secondary metabolites such act as toxins and also affect growth, development, and digestibility reducers form the next barriers that ...
Hi friend, The group of plant having naked seeds are gymnosperms. The plants of this group bear naked seeds and are usually perennial, evergreen and woody. In this group the Xylem lacks vessels and the Phloem lacks companion cells . Example : Pinus, cycas ,deodar etc. Hope this helped u... PLZ MARK AS BRAINLIEST....
Enzyme Q can catalyze the conversion of molecule A to A' and the conversion of molecule B to B'. Both of these conversion reactions follow Michaelis-M …