the Persian EmpireJohn Green looks up pronunciation on his computer Let's start with the Persian Empire, which became the model for pretty much all land-based empires throughout the world.
pretty much all land-based empires throughout the world. Except for the Mongols. Herodotus, whose famous book The Persian Wars talks about the Persians quite a bit.
TemüjinGenghis Khan was born Temüjin to a royal clan of the Mongols. When he was nine, his father Yesügei was poisoned and Temüjin was held captive by his former supporters.
The Battle of Thermopylae was a battle in 480 BCE in central Greece at the mountain pass of Thermopylae. It was fought between Greek and Persian forces during the Greco-Persian Wars.
Cyrus took his nomadic warriors and conquered most of Mesopotamia, including the Babylonians, which ended a sad period in Jewish history called The Babylonian Exile, thus ensuring that Cyrus got great press in the Bible.
[Mongoltage] Much of what we know about the Persians and their empire comes from an outsider writing about them, which is something we now call history, and one of the first true historians was Herodotus, whose famous book The Persian Wars talks about the Persians quite a bit.
For one thing, the Persians ruled with a light touch, like, conquered kingdoms were allowed to keep their kings and their elites as long as they pledged allegiance to the Persian King and paid taxes , which is why the Persian king was known as The King of Kings.
And in the wake of that shared Greek victory, the Greeks began to see themselves as Greeks, rather than as Spartans, or Athenians or whatever. And then Athens emerged as the de facto capital of Greece and then got to experience a Golden Age, which is something that historians make up.
So between 490 and 480 BCE , the Persians made war on the Greek City states. This was the war that featured the battle of Thermopylae where three hundred brave Spartans battled — if you believe Herodotus — five million Persians. And also the battle of Marathon, which is a plain about 26.2 miles away from Athens.
And the Persians embraced freedom of religion. Like they were Zoroastrian, which has a claim to being the world’s first monotheistic religion. It was really Zoroastrianism that introduced to the good/evil dualism we all know so well. You know: god and Satan, or Harry and Voldemort...
They killed all the Melian men and enslaved all the women and children. So, yes, Socrates gave us his interrogative Method; Sophocles gave us Oedipus; but the legacy of Ancient Greece is profoundly ambiguous, all the moreso because the final winner of the Peloponnesian War were the dictatorial Spartans.