“Ambilateral is sometimes used in kinship studies to refer to non-unilineal systems in which an individual may choose to align himself with either of his parental groups. R. Firth argues that “The admission to membershilp through descent from either males or females–or both conjoined–shows that the hapu is not a unilateral group of the strict type.
“A kin group whose membership is based on a rule of descent. Appropriate descent status (patrilineal, matrilineal, or cognatic, depending on the society) entitles a person to be a member of the group.” (RK:148).
“A marriage pattern (e.g., marriage with a cross-cousin, a brother’s widow, etc.) that is socially valued and desirable, but not enjoined.” RK:151. “In alliance theory, a requirement that marriage be with a partner in a particular kinship category.
“A clan with patrilineal descent in which unmarried females reside with a paternal aunt and bring their husbands to the father’s sister’s home. It parallels the avuncuclan, but is only theoretical.” ES:72, GPM:71. An example of inventing kinship concepts which describe no known group.
With this system, men trace their ancestry through male lines and women trace theirs through female lines. Unlike bilineal descent, each individual is a member of only one descent group.
A lineage is a group of individuals who trace descent from a common ancestor; thus, in a matrilineage, individuals are related as kin through the female line of descent. Matrilineage is sometimes associated with group marriage or polyandry (marriage of one woman to two or more men at the same time).
Patrilineal , or agnatic, relatives are identified by tracing descent exclusively through males from a founding male ancestor. Matrilineal , or uterine, relatives are identified by tracing descent exclusively through females from a founding female ancestor.
A system of kinship in which children are considered to belong equally to both the father's and mother's side of the family. It contrasts with patrilineal kinship, in which descent is traced through the father's line; and matrilineal kinship, where descent is traced through the mother's line.
There are three main types of kinship: lineal, collateral, and affinal. Lineal kinship is based on the direct line of descent, such as one's ancestors or descendants—parents, grandparents, children, and grandchildren are some examples.
Bilateral descent is a system of family lineage in which the relatives on the mother's side and father's side are equally important for emotional ties or for transfer of property or wealth. It is a family arrangement where descent and inheritance are passed equally through both parents.
A person's lineage is his or her line of ancestors. So matrilineal means basically "through the mother's line", just as patrilineal means "through the father's line". Matrilineality is an important concept in anthropology; among other things, it usually determines who will inherit property on a person's death.
Matrilineal refers to familial relationships that can be traced through a female. To follow the matrilineal line in your family, start with your mom. In Latin, matri- refers to the mother, just as patri- refers to the father.
There are two basic kinds of kinship ties: Those based on blood that trace descent. Those based on marriage, adoption, or other connections.
Lesson Summary. Descent and ancestry define kinship ties through marriage and reproduction. Descent groups can provide rules and expectations for relationships within cultures. There are three main types of descent groups: bilateral, unilateral, and ambilineal descent.
These relationships entail aunts, uncles, nieces, nephews, and cousins. So AUNTS AND UNCLES are NOT in the vertical kinship ties they are in the horizontal kinship ties because they do not have as strong of a relationship.
Bilateral descent is a system of family lineage in which the relatives on the mother's side and father's side are equally important for emotional ties or for transfer of property or wealth. It is a family arrangement where descent and inheritance are passed equally through both parents.
In what kind of kinship calculation are kin ties traced equally through males and females? U.S. kinship calculation is bilateral, traced equally through males and females; for example, father and mother.
EGO. The person in kinship diagrams from whose point of view the relationships are traced. Eskimo (Inuit) System. The kinship system most commonly found in the United States; associated with bilateral descent.
Kin relationships are traditionally defined as ties based on blood and marriage. They include lineal generational bonds (children, parents, grandparents, and great- grandparents), collateral bonds (siblings, cousins, nieces and nephews, and aunts and uncles), and ties with in-laws.
This is an example of. patrilocality. What is the term for your closest female relatives on your mother's side? matrikin. With unilineal descent, groups typically trace their ancestry through.
Alter. “The person to whom a relationship is being indicated; thus, in English kinship terminology, “male Ego refers to his FB as “uncle” and Alter reciprocates with “nephew”. DT. Contra. “Ego”.
The ancestor/ess from whom descent is traced (the “apex” of the triangle of descendants).
An agnate, then, is a person related by patrilineal descent (RK:147).”. DT. “In Roman law agnati were kin who traced their relationship by descent through males only from a common ancestor, who were under the authority of a single paterfamilias, and who resided together. Agnati could be adopted.
“Ambilateral is sometimes used in kinship studies to refer to non-unilineal systems in which an individual may choose to align himself with either of his parental groups. R. Firth argues that “The admission to membershilp through descent from either males or females–or both conjoined–shows that the hapu is not a unilateral group of the strict type. It may be called in fact, an ambilateral group, since both parents are eligible for the purposes of kinship affiliation” (R. Firth, Economics of the New Zealand Maori, Wellington, N.Z.:R. E. Owen 1959, p.112).” GK:22.
“Tangible items of value transferred from the groom or groom’s group to the bride’s group, the prestation serving to validate the marriage union. Cf. Brideservice, in which the groom contributes labor and/or services to the bride’s group for validatory purposes.” DT. Contra. “dowry”.
Avoidance Relationships. “A pattern of complete avoidance of speech and physical contact between relatives. Murdock (1949:273) suggests that such a technique is an aspect of sex regulation in societies where sexual prohibitions are not strongly internalized in enculturation.”.
First the newly wed couple lives with the bride’s group for a time (usually for a year or until the birth of the first child), then residence is shifted definitely to the groom’s group. GPM: 17.
In societies using matrilineal descent, the man who most likely would have the formal kinship related responsibilities for a boy that European cultures assign to his father .
The family member from whom a woman will most likely inherit wealth, titles, or other status in a society with matrilineal descent.
The descent principle in which kinship is traced only through the male line. With this pattern, people are related if they can trace descent through males to the same male ancestor. Both males and females inherit family membership but only males can pass it on to their descendants.
two parents and double the number of ancestors each generation back (i.e., 2, 4, 8, 16, etc.)
The general descent principle in which kinship is traced only through a single line of ancestors, male or female. Both males and females are members of a family, but descent links are only recognized through relatives of one gender.
Katherine Wander, an anthropologist at Binghamton University and one of the study authors, hopes their work influences public health. “The current approach,” she argues of health interventions, “tends to treat women as though they’re rather lacking in social context.”.
Broadly, matriarchy and patriarchy are defined as systems related to power within a society —whereas matriliny and patriliny relate to issues of inheritance and determining kin. Many societies are both patriarchal and patrilineal, but many anthropologists doubt the existence of a true matriarchy today because, even in the matrilineal societies, men typically maintain powerful government and community roles.
Among the ethnically Mosuo community in China, some groups are matrilineal, meaning inheritance passes from mothers to their children rather than from fathers to sons. Patrick Aventurier/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images
I n general , women have greater autonomy and control of resources in matrilineal Mosuo communities. The reverse is true in patrilineal ones. This difference could be powerful. A study published last fall in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences comparing the two Mosuo communities suggests cultural factors such as gender norms can significantly contribute to differences in men’s and women’s health. Their findings suggest that women’s health improves significantly in matrilineal communities.
For example, 37.4 percent of these women had a higher prevalence of hypertension, compared with 29.7 percent of men. Women in these groups also had more than double the rate of inflammation compared with men.
Globally, matriliny is less common than patriliny —and some societies now link inheritance and kinship through both parents.