What were the ramifications of the Battle of Antietam for the course of the Civil War? Correct Answers: 1) The Antietam victory for the Union allowed President Lincoln to fight to pass the Emancipation Proclamation. 2) The results of the battle dashed Confederate hopes of establishing an alliance with Britain and France.
The Antietam victory for the Union allowed President Lincoln to make the Emancipation Proclamation without it appearing to be an act of desperation. The results of the battle dashed Confederate hopes of establishing an alliance with Britain and France.
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AnswerWhat was the significance of the Battle of Antietam Quizlet?
The Significance of the Battle of Antietam There was a lot at stake for the Battle of Antietam. By mid-summer 1862, President Abraham Lincoln had the Emancipation Proclamation —a document declaring freedom for all slaves in the so-called rebellious states—ready to go.
How did the Battle of Antietam affect General McClellan?
Antietam marked the beginning of the end for General George McClellan. Lincoln had ordered the risk-averse commander of the Army of the Potomac to “destroy the rebel army if possible” at Antietam. McClellan, with twice the manpower and the enemy pinned against the Potomac, had numerous opportunities to do so but held back.
What happened in 1862 at the Battle of Antietam?
False In 1862, General Robert E. Lee took the war into Union territory at the Battle of Antietam outside Sharpsburg, Maryland. What were the ramifications of the Battle of Antietam for the course of the Civil War?
How did Antietam affect the Union?
Antietam was a lost opportunity for the Union. Although the Federal capital had been protected, and the battle is sometimes cited as having influenced Great Britain not to recognize the Confederacy, Lee had survived to fight on for another two and a half years.
What was the Battle of Antietam what effect did it have on the North?
Antietam, the deadliest one-day battle in American military history, showed that the Union could stand against the Confederate army in the Eastern theater. It also gave President Abraham Lincoln the confidence to issue the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation at a moment of strength rather than desperation.
Why did the Battle of Antietam have a profoundly important impact on the civil war quizlet?
Rationale: Although Antietam was not an outright victory for the Union, it was close enough for Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation, and in doing so he brought African Americans into the war and increased the number of men under arms.
What was the outcome of the Battle of Antietam *?
The end result of the invasion was the Battle of Antietam, one of the most important days of the Civil War. Antietam was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, and the Union victory there led to the Emancipation Proclamation.
Why is the Battle of Antietam considered pivotal to the outcome of the Civil War?
Most importantly, Union victory at Antietam provided President Abraham Lincoln the opportunity he had wanted to announce the Emancipation Proclamation, making the Battle of Antietam one of the key turning points of the American Civil War.
How did the Battle of Antietam Sharpsburg affect the North and South?
Antietam enabled the Union to repel the first Confederate invasion of the North. A tide of momentum swept Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia—fresh from a successful summer campaign and victory at the Second Battle of Bull Run—onto Union soil for the first time on September 3, 1862.
What were some of the ways the Civil War impacted social and economic life in the North and South?
The Union's industrial and economic capacity soared during the war as the North continued its rapid industrialization to suppress the rebellion. In the South, a smaller industrial base, fewer rail lines, and an agricultural economy based upon slave labor made mobilization of resources more difficult.
What are some important facts about the Battle of Antietam?
Facts About the Battle of Antietam Around 3,500 soldiers were killed and 17,000 wounded. The battle was named by the Union after the nearby creek called Antietam. It was called the Battle of Sharpsburg by the South. Two Union soldiers had found a copy of Lee's battle plans before the battle.
What was an effect of the Civil War?
The Civil War confirmed the single political entity of the United States, led to freedom for more than four million enslaved Americans, established a more powerful and centralized federal government, and laid the foundation for America's emergence as a world power in the 20th century.
What unfortunate record does the Battle of Antietam hold in US history?
Part of the Maryland Campaign, it was the first field army–level engagement in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War to take place on Union soil. It remains the bloodiest day in American history, with a combined tally of 22,717 dead, wounded, or missing.
What was a result of the Battle of Antietam quizlet?
Fought on September 17, 1862, Antietam was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history with over 23,000 casualties (men listed as killed, wounded, captured or missing) in roughly 12 hours. The battle ended the Confederate invasion of Maryland in 1862 and resulted in a Union victory.
How did the Battle of Antietam lead to the Emancipation Proclamation?
Pres. Abraham Lincoln used the occasion of the Antietam victory to issue his preliminary Emancipation Proclamation (September 22, 1862), announcing that unless the Confederates laid down their arms by January 1, 1863, he would free all slaves not residing in Union-controlled territory.
Which best states why the Battle of Antietam was considered a turning point in the Civil War?
Which of the following best states why the Battle of Antietam was considered a turning point in the war? The Confederacy had won all major battles until this one. Which of the following best describes the result of the Battle of Antietam? Both sides suffered losses, but it was a strategic victory for the North.
What was the significance of the Battle of Antietam?
Most importantly, Union victory at Antietam provided President Abraham Lincoln the opportunity he had wanted to announce the Emancipation Proclamation, making the Battle of Antietam one of the key turning points of the American Civil War.
Who was the Union General at the Battle of Antietam?
The Battle of Antietam pitted Union General George McClellan' s Army of the Potomac against General Robert E. Lee and his Army of Northern Virginia. The Maryland Campaign was Lee's first attempt to take the war North and it was McClellan who was tasked by President Abraham Lincoln with stopping him. Outnumbered, Lee was able to use ...
How many men were on the South end of the Confederate line?
At approximately 3:30 p.m., Burnside started his attack on the south end of Lee's line. 8000 men started the assault, 4000 men made it to a half way point, and only 2000 troops pushed up to the end of the Confederate line because of mounting causalities and the difficult terrain.
How many men died in the Battle of Antietam Creek?
They smashed into the Federals, causing the line to fall back toward Antietam Creek. After twelve hours of combat, the roar of battle started to fade away. 23,000 men had been killed, wounded, or listed as missing, the single bloodiest day in the history of the United States.
How many soldiers were killed in the Battle of the West Woods?
Edwin Sumner, marched towards the West Woods in an attempt to eventually sweep south, driving the Confederates from the field. Shortly after moving into the woods, a Confederate attack struck the flank of the Union soldiers and in twenty minutes, 2,200 out of 5,300 men had fallen killed ...
Who led the Union I Corps in the Battle of the Cornfield?
The Union I Corps, commanded by Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker, and later the XII Corps, commanded by Maj. Gen. Joseph Mansfield, ran head long into Confederate troops led by Gen. Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson.
Who commanded the Union IX Corps?
While the fight for the Sunken Road was unfolding, a little over one mile to the south, the Union IX Corps, commanded by Maj. Gen . Ambrose Burnside, was struggling to cross the Antietam Creek.
When was the Battle of Antietam?
Battlefield of Antietam, situation September 15 to 16, 1862. Overview of the Battle of Antietam. Near the town of Sharpsburg, Lee deployed his available forces behind Antietam Creek along a low ridge, starting on September 15. While it was an effective defensive position, it was not an impregnable one.
When was Antietam fought?
The Maps of Antietam: An Atlas of the Antietam (Sharpsburg) Campaign, including the Battle of South Mountain, September 2–20, 1862.
What is the name of the battle that was the bloodiest day of the Civil War?
Animated history of the Battle of Antietam. Official Reports from Antietam. Official Records: The Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg),"the bloodiest day of the Civil War" (September 17, 1862) USS Antietam.
How many acres are there in Antietam?
The battlefield was transferred to the Department of the Interior in 1933. The Antietam National Battlefield now consists of 2,743 acres. The Civil War Trust (a division of the American Battlefield Trust) and its partners have acquired and preserved 316 acres of the Antietam Battlefield.
How many Americans died in the Battle of Antietam?
The fighting on September 17, 1862, killed 7,650 American soldiers. More Americans died in battle on September 17, 1862, than on any other day in the nation's history. Antietam is sometimes cited as the bloodiest day in all of American history.
What battles did Jackson and McClellan fight in Maryland?
Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's capture of Harpers Ferry and McClellan's assault through the Blue Ridge Mountains in the Battle of South Mountain.
How many men were in the 2nd and 20th Georgia Regiments?
The remaining 400 men—the 2nd and 20th Georgia regiments, under the command of Brig. Gen. Robert Toombs, with two artillery batteries—defended Rohrbach's Bridge, a three-span, 125-foot (38 m) stone structure that was the southernmost crossing of the Antietam.
What was the significance of the Battle of Antietam?
Antietam, the deadliest one-day battle in American military history, showed that the Union could stand against the Confederate army in the Eastern theater. It also gave President Abraham Lincoln the confidence to issue the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation at a moment of strength rather than desperation.
How many casualties were there at the Battle of Antietam?
There are more than 22,000 casualties at the Battle of Antietam. Doctors at the scene are overwhelmed. Badly needed supplies are brought in by nurse Clara Barton, known as the “Angel of the Battlefield.”. During the night, both armies tend their wounded and consolidate their lines.
What happened at dawn in the Battle of Antietam?
September 17. The Battle of Antietam begins at dawn when Hooker’s Union corps mounts a powerful assault on Lee’s left flank.
What was Lee's goal in the invasion of Maryland?
Lee invaded Maryland in September 1862 with a full agenda. He wanted to move the focus of fighting away from the South and into Federal territory. Victories there, could lead to the capture of the Federal capital in Washington, D.C. Confederate success could also influence impending Congressional elections in the North and persuade European nations to recognize the Confederate States of America. On the other side, President Abraham Lincoln was counting on McClellan to bring him the victory he needed to keep Republican control of the Congress and issue a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation.
What was Lincoln's relationship with McClellan?
Lincoln and McClellan had a tortured relationship . McClellan’s letters reveal his contempt for his commander-in-chief (whom he sometimes referred to as “the Gorilla”), and the historical record shows that as the war slogged on, Lincoln became increasingly frustrated with his general’s timidity and excuses.
Why did Lincoln go to McClellan's headquarters?
He could not understand why his general was not on the tail of the Confederates, and he went to McClellan’s headquarters at Antietam to light a fire under him. In a letter to his wife, Mary, Lincoln joked, “We are about to be photographed. . . [if] we can sit still long enough.
Where did Lee's army converge?
With Federal forces closing in from the east, Lee selects strategic ground near Antietam Creek and orders his army to converge there. A mile east of the town of Sharpsburg, the creek meanders through the hilly but open countryside, good for long-range artillery and moving infantry.
Who ordered the Army of the Potomac to destroy the rebels?
Lincoln had ordered the risk-averse commander of the Army of the Potomac to “destroy the rebel army if possible” at Antietam. McClellan, with twice the manpower and the enemy pinned against the Potomac, had numerous opportunities to do so but held back.
What was the only campaign McClellan would mount for the duration of the war?
The only campaign McClellan would mount for the duration of the war was as the losing Democratic presidential candidate in 1864. His defeat prompted one Union officer to snidely remark that McClellan met “with no better success as a politician than as a general.”.
What was the bloodiest day of the Civil War?
1. Antietam enabled the Union to repel the first Confederate invasion of the North. A tide of momentum swept Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia—fresh from a successful summer campaign and victory at the Second Battle of Bull Run—onto Union soil ...
When did McClellan allow retreat?
On September 18, rather than pressing the fight against Lee’s badly decimated forces, McClellan allowed their retreat while writing to his wife: “Those in whose judgment I rely tell me that I fought the battle splendidly & that it was a masterpiece of art.”.
Did Antietam save Lincoln?
The battle may have saved Lincoln from a resounding defeat in midterm elections. With just weeks until critical midterm elections, Antietam provided Lincoln and his fellow Republicans with not just a military boost, but a badly needed political one as well.
When did the Battle of Antietam become a national park?
The battlefield became a national military park in 1890, and jurisdiction passed to the National Park Service in 1933. Battle of Antietam: monument. A monument to the 132nd Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Regiment standing along Bloody Lane (Sunken Road) at Antietam National Battlefield, Maryland.
Who was the general at the Battle of Antietam?
Battle of Antietam: Abraham Lincoln and George B. McClellan. U.S. Pres. Abraham Lincoln and Gen. George B. McClellan in the general's tent after the Battle of Antietam, Maryland, October 1862. Photograph by Alexander Gardner. Alexander Gardner/U.S. National Park Service.
What was the deadliest battle of the Civil War?
Learn how the Battle of Antietam became the deadliest one-day battle during the American Civil War. Overview of the Battle of Antietam (1862) during the American Civil War. Battle of Antietam, also called Battle of Sharpsburg, (September 17, 1862), in the American Civil War (1861–65), a decisive engagement that halted the Confederate invasion ...
Where did the Battle of Sharpsburg take place?
The Union name for the battle is derived from Antietam Creek, which flows south from Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, to the Potomac River near Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. In the South the encounter was referred to as the Battle of Sharpsburg because the main fighting took place near the town of that name.
What was the name of the battle that halted the Confederate invasion of Maryland?
Battle of Antietam, also called Battle of Sharpsburg, (September 17, 1862), in the American Civil War (1861–65), a decisive engagement that halted the Confederate invasion of Maryland, an advance that was regarded as one of the greatest Confederate threats to Washington, D.C. The Union name for the battle is derived from Antietam Creek, ...
How many soldiers did McClellan lose in the Battle of Virginia?
The South had lost 10,316 troops, and the North had suffered casualties of 12,401. Casualties were especially high among general officers, with six generals—three Union, three Confederate—being killed and a dozen more being wounded.
What was the significance of the Battle of South Mountain?
The Battle of South Mountain was a convincing Union victory, but the Confederate defenders managed to delay the Union advance long enough for Lee to begin the consolidation of his scattered forces. On the morning of September 15, the 12,000 beleaguered defenders of Harpers Ferry finally capitulated.
What was the significance of the Antietam victory?
Correct Answers: 1) The Antietam victory for the Union allowed President Lincoln to fight to pass the Emancipation Proclamation. 2) The results of the battle dashed Confederate hopes of establishing an alliance with Britain and France.
What were the major events that gave the Union the advantage in the Western theater?
1) The Union achieves its first victories at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in Tennessee. 2) The Union emerges victorious at the Battle of Shiloh in Tennessee. 3) Union forces capture New Orleans.
What was the purpose of the Department of Agriculture during the postwar period?
Department of Agriculture. created a federal agency to aid farmers and insure the food supply.
How did civilians follow the status of the war?
1) Civilians could follow the status of the war through the newspapers and photo exhibits. 2) A variety of new weapons were used in battle that could kill more accurately and at greater distances. 3) Innovations in communications such as the telegraph were developed for military use. Incorrect Answers:
How many black soldiers were in the Union army?
Correct Answers: 1) One hundred and eighty thousand black troops enlisted in the Union army, approximately 80 percent of whom were from the South. 2) Freed blacks became eligible for the first time to serve in the Union army and were aggressively recruited after the Emancipation Proclamation. Incorrect Answers:
How did the Homestead Act help the teaching of agriculture?
supported the teaching of agriculture and "mechanic arts" by providing federal aid to state-supported colleges and universities that taught these subjects. Homestead Act. granted 160 acres of public land to settlers who would work the land for five years.
Who was exempt from service in the Civil War?
Correct Answers: 1) Elected officials, key civilian officials, and planters with twenty slaves were exempt from service. 2) A draftee could pay $500 in cash toward the war effort, instead of serving in the military. 3) A draftee could provide an able-bodied substitute who was not of draft age.
What was the purpose of the charge at Gettysburg?
The charge provided the opportunity for the Union army to chase the Confederates back to Virginia. It was the final assault on the Union lines during the Battle of Gettysburg. The charge was a great failure for the Confederacy, which forced the Rebel army to retreat to Virginia.
What did the Confederacy believe?
The Confederacy believed that demand for southern cotton would result in the British and French joining its side in the war. President Lincoln was equally dedicated to ending both the abomination of slavery and the Confederate secessionist rebellion. False. Confederate conscription laws included loophole provisions.
Background
Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia—about 55,000 men—entered the state of Maryland on September 3, following their victory at Second Bull Run on August 30. Emboldened by success, the Confederate leadership intended to take the war into enemy territory. Lee's invasion of Maryland was intended to run simultaneously w…
Opposing Forces
- Union
Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac, bolstered by units absorbed from John Pope's Army of Virginia, included six infantry corps. The I Corps, under Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker, consisted of the divisions of: 1. Brig. Gen. Abner Doubleday (brigades of Col. Walter Phelps, Brig… - Confederate
General Lee's Army of Northern Virginiawas organized into two large infantry wings. Maj. Gen. James Longstreet's Right Wing or Command consisted of the following divisions: 1. Maj. Gen. Lafayette McLaws (brigades of Brig. Gens. Joseph B. Kershaw, Howell Cobb, Paul J. Semmes, a…
Prelude to Battle
- Disposition of armies
Near the town of Sharpsburg, Lee deployed his available forces behind Antietam Creek along a low ridge, starting on September 15. While it was an effective defensive position, it was not an impregnable one. The terrain provided excellent cover for infantrymen, with rail and stone fence… - Terrain and its consequences
McClellan's plans were ill-coordinated and were executed poorly. He issued to each of his subordinate commanders only the orders for his own corps, not general orders describing the entire battle plan. The terrain of the battlefield made it difficult for those commanders to monito…
Battle
- Morning phase
Location: Northern end of the battlefield - Midday phase
Location: Center of the Confederate line
Aftermath
- The battle was over by 5:30 p.m. On the morning of September 18, Lee's army prepared to defend against a Federal assault that never came. After an improvised truce for both sides to recover and exchange their wounded, Lee's forces began withdrawing across the Potomac that evening to return to Virginia. Losses from the battle were heavy on both sides. The Union had 12,410 casua…
Battlefield Preservation
- The battle is commemorated at Antietam National Battlefield. Conservation work undertaken by Antietam National Battlefield and private groups, has earned Antietam a reputation as one of the nation's best preserved Civil War battlefields. Few visual intrusions mar the landscape, letting visitors experience the site nearly as it was in 1862. Antietam was one of the first five Civil War b…
Historic Photographs and Paintings
- Mathew Brady's gallery, "The Dead of Antietam"
On September 19, 1862, two days after the Battle of Antietam, Mathew Brady sent photographer Alexander Gardner and his assistant James Gibson to photograph the carnage. In October 1862 Brady displayed the photos by Gardner in an exhibition entitled "The Dead of Antietam" at Brady'… - James Hope murals
Capt. James Hope of the 2nd Vermont Infantry, a professional artist, painted five large murals based on battlefield scenes he had sketched during the Battle of Antietam. He had been assigned to sideline duties as a scout and mapmaker due to his injuries. The canvasses were exhibited in …
in Popular Culture
- The Battle of Antietam was featured at the beginning of the film Glory (1989), directed by Edward Zwick and starring Matthew Broderick, Denzel Washington, Cary Elwes, and Morgan Freeman. The scene depicts the wounding of Capt. Robert Gould Shawof Massachusetts.
See Also
Bibliography
- Secondary sources
1. Armstrong, Marion V. (2002). Disaster in the West Woods: General Edwin V. Sumner and the II Corps at Antietam. Sharpsburg, MD: Western Maryland Interpretive Association. 2. Bailey, Ronald H. (1984). The Bloodiest Day: The Battle of Antietam. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books. ISBN 0-8… - Primary sources
1. Dawes, Rufus R. (1999) [1890]. A Full Blown Yankee of the Iron Brigade: Service with the Sixth Wisconsin Volunteers. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0-8032-6618-9.First published by E. R. Alderman and Sons. 2. Douglas, Henry Kyd (1940). I Rode with Stonewall: The …
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