what to do if there is no name for a course in apa

How do you cite an anonymous author in Apa 6?

 · Webpage citations in APA Style consist of five components: author, publication date, title, website name, and URL. Unfortunately, some of these components are sometimes missing. For instance, there may be no author or publication date. This article explains how to handle different kinds and combinations of missing information.

How do you cite a work with no date in APA?

While the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association does not directly address citing a course title in research writing, follow APA guidelines for creating in-text citations for personal communication, since class meetings are comprised of personal communications between instructors and students. ... substitute the speaker's ...

How can I find out which APA guidelines I should follow?

This table shows the basic structure of an APA Style reference to a published work, adapted for missing information, along with the corresponding in-text citations. Refer to the reference examples and Chapters 9 and 10 of the Publication Manual for specific details for the type of work being cited. Provide the author, date, title, and source of ...

Can you cite a book without page numbers in APA?

Course number and name. Provide the course number as shown on instructional materials, followed by a colon and the course name. Center the course number and name on the next double-spaced line after the author affiliation. PSY 201: Introduction to Psychology. Instructor name. Provide the name of the instructor for the course using the format shown on …

How do you cite something with no name in APA?

Citations are placed in the context of discussion using the author's last name and date of publication. When a work has no identified author, cite in text the first few words of the article title using double quotation marks, “headline” style capitalization, and the year.

How do you cite a course in APA?

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of publication). Title of document. In A. Instructor (Ed.), Course number: Course title (pp.

How do you cite in APA with no author or title?

Use title in place of author. Use “n.d.” (“no date”) in place of date....No author or date.FormatPage title. (n.d.). Website Name. URLReference listAPA citation guidelines (n.d.). Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/category/apa-style/In-text citation(APA Citation Guidelines, n.d.)Nov 6, 2020

How do you cite a source that doesn't have an author?

No Author. If no author or creator is provided, start the citation with the title/name of the item you are citing instead. Follow the title/name of the item with the date of publication, and the continue with other citation details. Note: an author/creator won't necessarily be a person's name.

How do you reference a course?

Basic format to reference lecture notesAuthor or authors. The surname is followed by first initials.Year.Title (in italics).Description of format.Unit name and Unit code.University.Date lecture was delivered.

How do I cite an online course?

Online course or massive open online course (Mooc) Online courses, including Moocs, can be cited by providing the instructors, year of course creation (if known), title of the course, site that hosts the course, and URL.

How do you cite an unknown author in APA 7?

Unknown Author When the work does not have an author move the title of the work to the beginning of the references and follow with the date of publication. Only use “Anonymous ” if the author is the work is signed “Anonymous.” This is a new addition to APA 7.

How do you in text cite a website with no author APA 7?

How do you cite a website in APA 7th edition no author? When you have a website in APA 7 with no author, you use the title, date, publisher, and URL. There is no period after the URL in the citation. Additionally, a website title is in italics.

How do you cite no author in APA 7 in text?

If there is truly no author for a reference, you use the title, or first few words of the title. Note that you should capitalize the words in the title for the in-text citation. Place in quotation marks if the title is an article or chapter.

How do you credit an unknown author?

Use “Anonymous” as the author name in the corresponding reference entry as well. If the work you are referencing does not name an author (which is different than Anonymous being the identified author), use the first few words of the title instead (APA, 2020, p. 264).

What if there is no author?

Citing in-text when there are no authors APA 7th ed. uses the author-date citation system for citing references in-text. In parenthetical citations, this structure includes the author's last name and the publication year (with a comma separating them) in parentheses.

How do you cite a source if you do not know the actual author no author mentioned?

In-Text CitationsIf there is no author, use the title (or a short form of the title, if it is lengthy) and the year. ... If there is no date, use “n.d.” (without quotation marks) instead.

How to cite a personal communication in text?

1 In-Text Citation. To cite a personal communication in text include the name of the instructor or speaker, the title of the course, the form of delivery -- such as lecture, slide presentation or discussion -- and the date, for example:

Do you need to cite a course title in APA?

While the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association does not directly address citing a course title in research writing, follow APA guidelines for creating in-text citations for personal communication, since class meetings are comprised of personal communications between instructors and students.

Where does the title go when referencing a work that is not signed as anonymous?

If the work is not actually signed “Anonymous,” the title moves to the beginning of the reference and is used in place of the author name, as shown in the table.

How to write a no date in a bibliography?

Provide the title, write “n.d.” for “no date,” and then provide the source.

When to use "in press" in a citation?

For an in-press work, use “in press” for the date in both the reference list entry and in-text citation.

Can you use anonymous as an author?

Anonymous authors. For a missing author, do not use “Anonymous” as the author unless the work is actually signed “Anonymous.”. If the work is signed “Anonymous,” use “Anonymous” in the reference and in-text citation. Anonymous. (2017). Stories from my time as a spy.

How to write a no date work?

Describe the work in square brackets, write “n.d.” for “no date,” and then provide the source.

Is a book title italicized?

In general, the title is italicized for a work that stands alone (e.g., book, report, webpage on a website), and some part of the source is italicized for a work that is part of a greater whole (e.g., journal article, newspaper article).

How to write instructor name in a course?

Provide the name of the instructor for the course using the format shown on instructional materials. Center the instructor name on the next double-spaced line after the course number and name.

How to write a title page?

Place the title three to four lines down from the top of the title page. Center it and type it in bold font. Capitalize major words of the title. Place the main title and any subtitle on separate double-spaced lines if desired. There is no maximum length for titles; however, keep titles focused and include key terms.

What is author affiliation?

Author affiliation. For a professional paper, the affiliation is the institution at which the research was conducted. Include both the name of any department and the name of the college, university, or other institution, separated by a comma.

Where is the running head on a page?

The running head appears in all-capital letters in the page header of all pages, including the title page. Align the running head to the left margin. Do not use the label “Running head:” before the running head.

Where to put page numbers in Word?

Use the automatic page-numbering function of your word processing program to insert page numbers in the top right corner of the page header.

How to capitalize a title?

Capitalize major words of the title. Place the main title and any subtitle on separate double-spaced lines if desired. There is no maximum length for titles; however, keep titles focused and include key terms. Impact of Gender on the Evaluation of Humor in Romantic Relationships.

What is included in a student title page?

The student title page includes the paper title, author names (the byline), author affiliation, course number and name for which the paper is being submitted, instructor name, assignment due date, and page number , as shown in this example.

How to cite a source with no author?

Add the date the work was published in parentheses. For most sources with no author, the year is all you need. However, if there is a more specific date listed, include as much information as possible. If you have a full date , type the year first, followed by a comma, then the month and day. Spell all months out in full. Place a period outside the closing parentheses. [4]

What to do if a print source doesn't list a specific person as the author?

If you have a print source that doesn't list a specific person as the author, look at the copyright information. If a corporation, nonprofit organization, or educational institution claims the copyright in the work, use that name as the author.

How to capitalize a title in a sentence?

Since the first part of that entry is the title, use the first few words of the title. Use title-case, capitalizing the first word and all nouns, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, and verbs. Place a comma after the title, inside the closing double quotation marks. ...

How to cite a quote from a source?

Since the first part of that entry is the title, use the first few words of the title. Use title-case, capitalizing the first word and all nouns, pronouns, ad jectives, ad verbs, and verbs. Place a comma after the title, inside the closing double quotation marks.

How to include publication information in a bibliography?

Include publication information if you're using a print source. If you accessed a print copy of the source, provide the location of the publisher followed by a colon, then provide the name of the publisher. If the publisher is in the US, use the city and state for the location with a 2-letter abbreviation for the state. If the publisher is outside the US, use the city and the country as the location. Place a period after the publisher's name.

How to provide a URL for a work?

Provide the URL if the work was found online. After the date, type the words "Retrieved from" followed by the full, direct URL for the work. Do not place a period at the end of the URL or add an access date. [5]

How to make a reference list for a book?

Start your reference list entry with the title of the work. Type the title of the work in sentence-case, capitalizing only the first word and any proper nouns. If the work is a standalone document, such as an independent report or a book, put the title in italics. Use regular font if the work is a smaller part of a larger work, such as a chapter or an article.

What is an example of APA 6th edition?

Examples of these types of materials include PowerPoints, Google Slides, recorded lectures, handouts, lecture notes, etc. The APA 7th edition provides guidance and ...

What is the 7th edition of APA?

The APA 7th edition provides guidance and advice for citing course materials. First and foremost, the writer should consider the audience. The audience for an assignment within a course is the course instructor and, possibly, the students enrolled within the course. In this case, APA advises that because the assignment will not be formally ...

How to capitalize a handout?

After the date, add the title of the handout. The title should follow the general capitalization rule that says to capitalize the first word of the title and subtitle as well as proper nouns. The title should be italicized. After the title, add "Handout" in brackets. Add a period after the brackets.

How to write a handout in a personal letter?

Begin with the creator of the handout. The author may also be a person. For a personal name, list the last name of the creator followed by a comma. Then, add the first and middle initials (if there is a middle initial). After each initial, add a period. If there is a middle initial, add a space between the initials.

When to use year of publication?

When the reference is a book or journal article, use the year of publication only. However, for all other sources, if a more specific date is provided, add the more specific date to the reference.

How to abbreviate "n.d."?

Explanation. For sources where the publication date is unknown or cannot be determined, use the abbreviation "n.d." which stands for no date. Use small letters and place a period after each letter. There should be no space between the letters.

Should a writer update unpublished sources?

In the event any course materials that are not formally published are used within a formally published work, the writer should revise the content with either different sources with similar content, or the writer should update the unpublished sources within the paper and cite them as personal communication.

What to include in a text citation with no date?

Because there is no date and no author, your text citation would include the title (or short title) "n.d." for no date, and paragraph number (e.g., "Heuristic," n.d., para. 1). The entry in the reference list might look something like this:

What is the author of a webpage?

The author of a webpage is often the company or organization that created the page (known as a group author). This page includes examples of references for webpages with a group author. Because the material does not include page numbers, you can include any of the following in the text to cite the quotation (from pp.

How to alphabetize a book with no author or editor?

Alphabetize books with no author or editor by the first significant word in the title ( Merriam in this case).

Do you include the edition number after the title?

If the online version refers to a print edition, include the edition number after the title.

When citing sources that you find on the Internet, do you need to include a retrieval date?

When citing sources that you find on the Internet you only need to include a retrieval date if the information you viewed is likely to change over time (p. 192). Sometimes websites are missing pieces of information that you would typically use when citing them, like an author or a date.

What is a reference in a paper?

References - entry that appears at the end of your paper.

Can you list an organization as the author?

If no author name is given, but the page is from a domain that includes .org, you may be able to list the name of the organization as the author, like this:

How to identify a law in APA?

Generally, you should identify a law in an APA reference entry by its location in the United States Code (U.S.C.). But if the law is either spread across various sections of the code or not featured in the code at all, include the public law number in addition to information on the source you accessed the law in, e.g.:

How to cite multiple reporters in APA?

To cite multiple reporters, just separate them with commas in your reference entry. This is called parallel citation.

Can you cite the Bible in APA 7th edition?

Yes, in the 7th edition of APA Style, versions of the Bible are treated much like other books; you should include the edition you used in your reference list. Previously, in the 6th edition of the APA manual, it was recommended to just use in-text citations to refer to the Bible, and omit it from the reference list.

When citing a podcast episode in APA style, the podcast’s host is listed as author?

When citing a podcast episode in APA Style, the podcast’s host is listed as author, accompanied by a label identifying their role, e.g. Glass, I. (Host).

How many numbers can you present in APA style?

To decide how to present numbers, you can follow APA guidelines: To present more than 20 numbers, try a figure. Since these are general guidelines, use your own judgment and feedback from others for effective presentation of numbers.

What should be reported in APA methods?

In your APA methods section, you should report detailed information on the participants, materials, and procedures used.

Should you report methods in the past tense?

You should report methods using the past tense, even if you haven’t completed your study at the time of writing. That’s because the methods section is intended to describe completed actions or research.