what is the definition of hybrid warfare corporals course

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What is hybrid warfare?

Every age has its own kind of war, its own limiting conditions, and its own peculiar preconceptions. There is no universally-accepted definition of hybrid warfare; some debate whether the term is useful at all. Some argue that the term is too abstract and only the latest term to refer to irregular methods to counter a conventionally superior force.

Are all critical functions vulnerable to hybrid warfare?

All critical functions have vulnerabilities that present a hybrid warfare opponent/actor with the possible conditions for exploitation, depending on the means at its disposal. However, it is important to realize that not all vulnerabilities necessarily present themselves as opportunities for an opponent to exploit.

How should the integrated approach to counter-hybrid warfare be institutionalized?

In turn, this integrated approach should be institutionalized in an intergovernmental coordination body (for example, the Executive Counter-Hybrid Warfare Steering Committee) responsible for monitoring changes in the situation and evaluating their effects.

How should national governments prepare for hybrid warfare?

Therefore as a minimum national governments should conduct a self-assessment of critical functions and vulnerabilities across all sectors, and maintain it regularly. • Hybrid warfare uses coordinated military, political, economic, civilian and informational (MPECI) instruments of power that extend far beyond the military realm.

What is the definition of hybrid warfare quizlet?

Hybrid warfare blends traditional and irregular warfare approaches across the full spectrum of conflict.

What is corporals course?

1. Corporal's Course is a leadership class designed to help the Marine Corps' newest noncommissioned officers as they step up to take on more responsibilities. “What this course is able to do is embed all of the leadership traits of the Marine Corps into our corporals,” said Sgt. Erik DeMay, course faculty advisor.

What is the purpose of corporals Course?

A. Overview: The Corporals Course is a Professional Military Education program for Marine corporals that places emphasis on basic leadership skills. The intent of the Corporals Course is to equip and prepare Marines to transition from subordinates to small unit leaders.

Can a lance corporal go to corporals course?

Eligibility. The Corporals Course DEP is available to lance corporals and above who have completed the Leading Marines DEP. It is a PME requirement for promotion from corporal to sergeant.

How long is corporals course online?

30 hoursThe online course is comprised of 30 hours of work, which includes study time, completing exercises and end-of-course exams. After each of the seven courses with the Corporals Course DEP, Marines will need to take an end-of-course exam, proctored by a staff sergeant or higher.

How long is Corporal course?

The corporal's course hosted by Special Purpose Marine Air-Ground Task Force, Crisis Response-Central Command is a 14-day formal training event designed to educate Marine corporals on the duties and responsibilities of an NCO.

Does corporals course count for BLC?

The Corporals Course and the Sergeants Course DEP does not match the Point of Instruction (POI) and Terminal Learning Objective (TLO) set for BLC.

How long is Cpl course USMC?

THE MARINE CORPS UNIVERSITY'S ENLISTED PROFESSIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION BRANCH CREATED THE COMMAND-SPONSORED CORPORALS COURSE (CSCC) IN JUNE 2009; A 3-WEEK PROGRAM OF INSTRUCTION TO BE GIVEN LOCALLY. COMMANDERS MAY ADD SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS TO THE CURRICULA TO TAILOR THE INSTRUCTION TO MEET UNIT REQUIREMENTS.

What is the PME requirement for promotion to Corporal?

PME Requirement Private and private first class: There are no formal PME requirements for the grades of private and private first class. b. Lance corporal: To be qualified for promotion to corporal, lance corporals must complete the “Leading Marines” MCI (0037).

What is a lance corporal minimum time in grade?

To be eligible for a promotion to Corporal, a Lance Corporal must have a minimum of 12 months TIG. This was updated in MARADMINS Number: 055/16. In order to be promoted to Sergeant, Corporals must have 48 months time in service.

What prevents a Marine from being promoted?

A Marine will not be promoted if, in the opinion of the commander, the Marine is not capable of performing satisfactorily in the higher grade, even though all other promotion requirements have been met.

What is the Gung Ho award Marines?

While there are many honors a Marine will receive throughout his career, the “Gung Ho” award is an honor bestowed upon the most motivated Marines. Sgt. Moises A. Navas, non-commissioned officer-in-charge, adjutant's office, was named the Gung Ho Marine for the MAI course at Marine Barracks Washington, Mar.

What is hybrid warfare?

e. Hybrid warfare is a theory of military strategy, first proposed by Frank Hoffman, which employs political warfare and blends conventional warfare, irregular warfare and cyberwarfare with other influencing methods, such as fake news, diplomacy, lawfare and foreign electoral intervention.

What are some examples of hybrid warfare?

A few examples of that type of combat are found in the American Revolutionary War (a combination of George Washington 's Continental Army with militia forces) and the Napoleonic Wars (British regulars co-operated with Spanish guerrillas). One can also find examples of hybrid warfare in smaller conflicts during the 19th century. For instance, between 1837 and 1840, Rafael Carrera, a Conservative peasant rebel leader in Guatemala, waged a successful military campaign against the Liberals and the federal government of Central America by using a strategy that combined classical guerrilla tactics with conventional operations. Carrera's hybrid approach to warfare gave him the edge over his numerically-superior and better-armed enemies. The Soviet Union engaged in an early case of hybrid warfare in 1944. When the Tuvan Army was away in Europe, fighting along the Red Army against the Third Reich, Moscow annexed the Tuvan People's Republic by pressing the Tuvan government to ask for joining the Soviet Union.

What wars did the US use hybrid warfare tactics to support?

After 1945. The Vietnam War saw hybrid warfare tactics employed by both sides, with the US using the CIA to support civil war parties in Laos and the Cambodian Civil War as well as ethnic groups inside Vietnam for its cause and the Soviet Union supported the Viet Cong militia.

What is grey zone warfare?

The concept of grey-zone conflicts or warfare is distinct from the concept of hybrid warfare , although the two are intimately linked as in the modern era states most often apply unconventional tools and hybrid techniques in the grey-zone. However many of the unconventional tools used by states in the grey-zone such as propaganda campaigns, economic pressure and the use of non-state entities do not cross over the threshold into formalized state-level aggression.

What are the three main battlefields of hybrid war?

They are the conventional battlefield, the indigenous population of the conflict zone, and the international community.

What is the Russian military's strategy?

The Russian government's wide use in conflicts the Syrian Civil War and the Russian invasion of Ukraine, of private military contractors such as those of the Wagner Group was in 2018 singled out by experts as a key part of Russia's strategy of hybrid warfare to advance its interests and obfuscating its involvement and role. Specifically, Russia employed a combination of traditional combat warfare, economic influence, cyber strategies, and disinformation attacks against Ukraine.

Which countries have been accused of hybrid warfare?

Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates have been accused of conducting hybrid warfare against Qatar.

When did hybrid warfare start?

The first recognizable academic use of “hybrid” as applied to warfare dates back to 2007, when LTC Frank Hoffman wrote about the rise of hybrid wars in the Middle East context — namely the combination of kinetic and non-military tools used by actors such as Hezbollah during Israel’s military campaign of 2006. When Russia launched its aggression against Ukraine in 2014 using a range of non-military or clandestine means cloaked by extensive disinformation efforts and accompanied by official denials, NATO began using “hybrid” as the term to describe what looked like a new type of warfare at the time.

What is hybrid NATO?

The term “hybrid” comes from Latin, as it was used in the Roman Empire to describe a child born to parents of different social status (for example a Roman citizen and a slave). Later on, it evolved to denote phenomena, entities, or actions of combined nature ...

What was Russia's hybrid invasion of Ukraine?

Russia’s hybrid invasion of Ukraine initially caught the trans-Atlantic community by surprise, especially its combination of speed, cohesion, and coordination among military and non-military actors involved in the operation. Still, since 2014, NATO has been able to respond and adapt quickly to the modern application of these old forms of warfare.

Is hybrid effort military or non-military?

It is important to note, however, that not all combinations of military and non-military means should be qualified as “hybrid efforts.” Operations that skew heavily non-military, and where the hybrid aggressor tries to deny its involvement and its real objectives, merit the title. Similarly, contemporary Western efforts to respond, such as the U.S. “Multi-Domain Battle” Doctrine, or the use of non-military tools by Western militaries (such as information operations, StratCom, intelligence, political, diplomatic, legal, and economic tools) should not be regarded as a form of Western “hybrid warfare,” despite what Russian propaganda might claim.

What is hybrid warfare?

Hybrid warfare is a theory of military strategy, first proposed by Frank Hoffman, which employs political warfare and blends conventional warfare, irregular warfare and cyberwarfare with other influencing methods, such as fake news, diplomacy, lawfare and foreign electoral intervention.

What are some examples of hybrid warfare?

A few examples of that type of combat are found in the American Revolutionary War (a combination of George Washington’s Continental Army with militia forces) and the Napoleonic Wars (British regulars co-operated with Spanish guerrillas ). One can also find examples of hybrid warfare in smaller conflicts during the 19th century. For instance, between 1837 and 1840, Rafael Carrera, a Conservative peasant rebel leader in Guatemala, waged a successful military campaign against the Liberals and the federal government of Central America by using a strategy that combined classical guerrilla tactics with conventional operations. Carrera’s hybrid approach to warfare gave him the edge over his numerically-superior and better-armed enemies. The Soviet Union engaged in an early case of hybrid warfare in 1944. When the Tuvan Army was away in Europe, fighting along the Red Army against the Third Reich, Moscow annexed the Tuvan People’s Republic by pressing the Tuvan government to ask for joining the Soviet Union.

What weapons did Hezbollah use?

The group used decentralized cells composed of guerrillas and regular troops, armed with weaponry that nation states use, such as anti-tank missiles, rockets, armed unmanned aerial vehicles, and advanced improvised explosive devices. Hezbollah cells downed Israeli helicopters, damaged Merkava IV tanks, communicated with encrypted cell phones, and monitored Israeli troops movements with night vision and thermal imaging devices. Iranian Quds Force operatives acted as mentors and suppliers of advanced systems.

How did Hezbollah influence the perception battle?

Hezbollah leveraged mass communication immediately distributing battlefield photos and videos dominating the perception battle throughout the conflict. Israel did not lose the war on the battlefield but lost the information battle, as the overwhelming perception then of Israeli defeat.

What are the three main battlefields of hybrid war?

They are the conventional battlefield, the indigenous population of the conflict zone, and the international community.

Which countries have been accused of hybrid warfare?

Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates have been accused of conducting hybrid warfare against Qatar.

Is Iran a hybrid war?

Iran has been accused of conducting hybrid warfare. According to the BBC, “Iran, along with its Houthi allies [in Yemen]], is conducting a classic war of the weak against the strong; a “‘ybrid conflict’ as it is known in the strategic textbooks. It is borrowing many of the tactics from the Russian play-book – the use of deniability; proxies; cyber-operations and information warfare.”

When other principles are tested, it is courage that prevents them from crumbling?

When other principles are tested, it is courage that prevents them from crumbling. It is not about ignoring fear but being stronger than fear . Courage is the guardian of all other values. It is there when times are toughest, when difficult decisions have to be made. It takes the form of mental, physical, and ethical strength, and it is found in the backbone of every Marine .

What is the commitment of a Marine?

Commitment is the spirit of determination found in every Marine. It is what compels Marines to serve our nation and the Corps and to continue on when others quit. Commitment does not take breaks, and it cannot be faked. It measures and proves one's desire, dedication, and faithfulness. Becoming a United States Marine represents the highest level of commitment.

What is a command element?

The command element is the MAGTF headquarters. As with all other MAGTF elements, the command element task- organizes to provide the command and control capabilities necessary for effective planning, execution, and assessment of operations.

What is the Marine leadership philosophy?

Leading Marines describes a leadership philosophy that reflects the traditional strengths of the Marine Corps as an institution and attempts to define the very ethos of being a Marine. Marine leadership philosophy: •Is about the inseparable relationship between the leader and the led, and is as much about the individual Marine—the bedrock ...

How does human will affect war?

Human will, instilled through leadership , is the driving force of all action in war.

What is operational culture?

The Marine Corps defines operational culture as the aspects of culture that influence the outcome of a military operation and conversely, the military actions that influence the culture within an area of operations, or AO.

What is the human dimension in war?

THE HUMAN DIMENSION. The human dimension is central in war. It is the human dimension which infuses war with its intangible moral factors.

What is hybrid warfare?

In hybrid warfare, effects are understood as a change of state of an entity. They are the results of synchronized actions tailored against specific vulnerabilities of a target system. The ability of a hybrid warfare actor to synchronize means against specific vulnerabilities to create effects means that one cannot readily discern a linear causal chain of events. The more elements that are in the mix the more difficult causality becomes.

What is synchronization in hybrid warfare?

Synchronization is the ability of a hybrid warfare actor to effectively coordinate instruments of power (MPECI) in time, space and purpose to create the desired effects. The ability to synchronize both military and non-military means simultaneously within the same battlespace is considered a key characteristic of a hybrid warfare actor. Synchronization allows the hybrid warfare actor to ‘escalate’ or ‘de-escalate’ horizontally rather than just vertically, thus providing further options for the attacker. For example, by escalating along the horizontal axis (MPECI spectrum) through synchronization of different means, a hybrid warfare actor can stay below certain detection and response thresholds. By using this method, they can apply as much, or even more, coercion than if they were to escalate one instrument vertically. In other words, through horizontal escalation a hybrid warfare actor can create effects similar, or even greater, than applying overt coercion through, for example, the military or political instrument of power, because of its force multiplying effects.

What is the purpose of the MCDC CHW project?

Its purpose is to increase national and multinational policymakers’ and armed forces’ understanding of hybrid warfare in order to develop possible solutions to this threat. To this end the MCDC CHW project is comprised of two primary interconnected deliverables: the Baseline Assessment1and the Analytical Framework. The MCDC CHW project also has a set of secondary outputs – a series of case studies of hybrid warfare – designed to test and enhance the validity of the Analytical Framework model by exposing it to empirical examples. The case studies were designed using a qualitative and comparative methodology to: • ensure each case study was organized to allow testing of the Analytical Framework model; and • allow for the development of tabulated comparative matrices of hybrid warfare across the case studies.

Is hybrid warfare asymmetric?

The Baseline Assessment concluded that hybrid warfare is asymmetric and uses multiple instruments of power along a horizontal and vertical axis, and to varying degrees shares an increased emphasis on creativity, ambiguity, and the cognitive elements of war. This sets hybrid warfare apart from an attrition-based approach to warfare where one matches the strength of the other, either qualitatively or quantitatively, to degrade the opponent’s capabilities.

Overview

Hybrid warfare is a theory of military strategy, first proposed by Frank Hoffman, which employs political warfare and blends conventional warfare, irregular warfare, and cyberwarfare with other influencing methods, such as fake news, diplomacy, lawfare and foreign electoral intervention. By combining kinetic operations with subversive efforts, the aggressor intends to avoid attribution or retribution. The concept of hybrid warfare has been criticized by a number of academics and pra…

Definition

Effectiveness

History

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