what is the bizzare psychology/culture bound course about

What are culture bound disorders in psychology?

Jun 23, 2021 · The state of the mental health system is affected by cultural values, and it is essential to normalize seeking help in more cultures. A …

Is the road to psychology theory paved with culture?

CULTURE AND CULTURAL FACTORS IN PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSIS. Culture is defined as a set of behavioral norms, meanings, and values or reference points utilized by members of a particular society to construct their unique view of the world, and ascertain their identity.

Should cultural psychology be its own subfield?

Jul 27, 2020 · In medicine and medical anthropology, a culture-bound syndrome, culture-specific syndrome, or folk illness is a combination of psychiatric (brain) and somatic (body) symptoms that are considered to be a recognizable disease only within a specific society or culture. There are no objective biochemical or structural alterations of body organs or functions and the …

What is cultural psychology about?

Dec 10, 2003 · Cultural psychology is an interdisciplinary field that unites psychologists, anthropologists, linguists, and philosophers for a common pursuit: the study of how cultural meanings, practices, and institutions influence and reflect individual human psychologies. It is not a freestanding area within psychology, and most cultural psychologists would like to keep it …

What is culture-bound in psychology?

culture-bound syndrome a pattern of mental illness and abnormal behavior that is unique to a specific ethnic or cultural population and does not conform to standard classifications of psychiatric disorders.

What is the meaning of culture-bound?

Definition of culture-bound : limited by or valid only within a particular culture intelligence tests are commonly culture-bound to some degree.

What are the five culture-bound syndromes?

DSM-5 listNameGeographical localization/populationsDhat syndromeIndiaKhyâl capCambodianGhost sicknessNative AmericanKufungisisaZimbabwe6 more rows

Is hikikomori a culture-bound syndrome?

Cases of hikikomori are often, but not always, classifiable as a variety of existing DSM-IV-TR (or ICD-10) psychiatric disorders. Hikikomori may be considered a culture-bound syndrome.

What are some examples of culture-bound syndromes?

The term culture-bound syndrome is controversial since it reflects the different opinions of anthropologists and psychiatrists. Some examples of culture-bound syndromes currently identified in the global community include Dhat syndrome, Zar, and Susto.

Are the major counseling theories culture-bound?

Rather than developed through the lens of a single theorist, multicultural counseling is rooted in a culture-centered tradition, recognizing the therapists and the mainstream theoretical approaches they are trained to use are also culture bound.

What is ZAR culture-bound syndrome?

Zar is a generic term referring to the experience of spritual possession, which may inlcude dissociative episodes that include laughing, hitting, singing or weeping. Apathy and withdrawal may also be seen. Such symptoms may be seen across east Africa and the Middle East.

Is Koro a culture-bound syndrome?

Koro is a culture-bound syndrome and is quite prevalent in both epidemic and sporadic forms in South East Asia. Several reports on Koro in the literature have proved that India, after China, is a Koro prone country.

What is Koro in psychology?

The koro syndrome is a psychiatric disorder characterized by acute anxiety and a deep-seated fear of shrinkage of the penis and its ultimate retraction into the abdomen, which will cause death.

Is hikikomori a NEET?

The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare defined NEET as “people who are not employed, not in school, not a homemaker, and not seeking a job” and Hikikomori as “those who are neither in work nor school, do not have social interactions and are socially withdrawn for more than 6 months.”Aug 18, 2015

What is depression called in Japan?

Depression has been described as “kokoro no kaze” (a cold of the soul) and only recently it is being accepted in Japan as a medical condition that shouldn't provoke shame in those suffering from it. Depression is a state of low mood which can affect a person's thoughts, behavior, feelings and sense of well-being.May 19, 2019

Is hikikomori only in Japan?

“Hikikomori is Uniquely Japanese” Similarly, there have been hikikomori case studies from several countries outside Japan including, Spain, Oman, the United States, Canada, Italy, the United Kingdom, France, Taiwan, and South Korea.Feb 21, 2016

What is cultural psychiatry?

Cultural psychiatry deals with the description, definition, assessment, and management of all psychiatric conditions, inasmuch as they reflect and are subjected to the patterning influence of cultural factors.

What did Mayer consider mental illness?

Mayer considered mental illnesses as “reactions” to a variety of psychobiological factors and, like Freud did with the “unconscious” phenomena, conferred them a categorical, irrefutable etiological nature. This approach persisted in the second edition of DSM (1968), regardless of the elimination of the term “reaction”.

Is culture heterogeneous or complex?

Culture is said to be too broad a concept, too complex in content, and too heterogeneous in nature (the hundreds, even thousands of cultural and subcultural groups, languages and dialects all over the world are frequently cited as proof) to be covered by relatively simple clinical interactions 32.

Is a well-based diagnosis relevant?

There is no question about the new relevance that a well-based diagnosis acquired for research work, teaching activities, and actual treatment approaches. Lawyers, administrators, insurance companies, bureaucrats and politicians paid more attention to diagnoses and their implications.

Is cultural psychiatry the same as international psychiatry?

It goes without saying that cultural psychiatry is not the same as international psychiatry, nor it is limited to race, gender and ethnicity as its leading indicators.

What is a culture bound disorder?

In medicine and medical anthropology, a culture-bound syndrome, culture-specific syndrome, or folk illness is a combination of psychiatric (brain) and somatic (body) symptoms that are considered to be a recognizable disease only within a specific society or culture. There are no objective biochemical or structural ...

Why is culture bound syndrome controversial?

The term culture-bound syndrome is controversial since it reflects the different opinions of anthropologists and psychiatrists.

Why has the emphasis on the expression of symptoms and sources of distress changed?

Rather than disorders being confined to specific cultures, the emphasis has changed to better recognition of the expression of symptoms and sources of distress within each culture in order to improve healthcare and treatment.

Is a culture specific syndrome purely behavioral?

Some culture-specific syndromes involve somatic symptoms (pain or disturbed function of a body part), while others are purely behavioral.

What is cultural psychology?

In psychology departments across the country, a growing number of psychologists are doing something called “cultural psychology.”. As they unpack their experiences and observations, unveil their theories and methods, and unfurl their often surprising results, an air of mystery collects around them. Who are these people?

How does cultural psychology differ from other areas?

Cultural psychology differs from other areas not only organizationally, but also philosophically. In contrast to psychologists who tend to assume that their findings and theories are universal until proven otherwise, cultural psychologists tend to assume that their findings and theories are culturally variable.

Why is cultural psychology important?

One good reason to care about cultural psychology is the empirical evidence that many psychological processes once deemed universal seem instead to be culturally variable. Another is the mounting empirical evidence for the role of culture in human evolution and development.

How does culture shape behavior?

Culture shapes individual minds and behaviors as much as the minds and behaviors shape the culture. As a result, “People are active cultural agents, rather than passive recipients of cultural influences,” said social psychologist Chi-Yue Chiu, University of Illinois. “They create, apply, reproduce, transform, and transmit their cultural routines in ...

Is culture an independent variable?

One implication of the cyclical, transactional relationship between cultures and psyches is that culture is not an independent variable. Culture may predict, but it does not “cause.”. A second implication is that neither cultures nor psychologies exist independent of each other.

Can psychologists travel?

Psychologists can also take better advantage of the short bouts of travel that their discipline does allow. “Don’t travel like a tourist,” advised social psychologist Sheena Iyengar, Columbia University’s Graduate School of Business. “Travel in a way that allows you to live more like the people there.

What is the most thorough discussion and listing of culture-bound disorders?

The most thorough discussion and listing of culture-bound disorders can be found in Simon and Hughes (1986). In DSM-IV, the American Psychiatric Association (1994) describes a number of known culture-bound disorders. Table I lists some of the well-known culture-bound disorders with their associated locations and risk populations.

What is culture bound syndrome?

Culture-bound syndromes are generally limited to specific societies or culture areas and are localized, folk, diagnostic categories that frame coherent meanings for certain repetitive, patterned, and troubling sets of experiences and observations. There is seldom a one-to-one equivalence of any culture-bound syndrome with a DSM diagnostic entity.

How is psychopathology shaped?

Finally, psychopathology in particular cultures may be shaped through preferred breeding patterns, nutritional practices, climate, and other biologically related factors. In brief, culture-bound disorders compel us, as scientists and professionals, to consider cultural factors in our case conceptualizations and deliberations.

Why are psychosocial disorders considered specific to particular ethnocultural groups?

Psychological disorders considered specific to particular ethnocultural groups because of distinct cultural factors influencing the etiology, meaning, expression, and for treatment of the disorder are referred to as culture-bound activities. The term is used in contrast to those psychological disorders considered to be “universal.”.

What are cultural determinants of psychopathology?

Cultural Determinants of Psychopathology. Once we acknowledge the existence of culture-bound disorders, it becomes clear that cultural factors constitute critical determinants of the etiology, expression, and treatment responsivity of psychopathology. This fact forces us to reconsider existing views of psychopathology that currently favor ...

Why is anorexia nervosa specific to industrialized cultures?

844) because of the excessive valuation of personal control and beauty associated with thinness in these cultures . However, other disorders such as schizophrenia continue to be considered universal.

What is the belief that cultural psychology only approaches a topic at the level of the group?

The next common belief about cultural psychology is that it only approaches a topic at the level of the group and does not care about individual differences. This assumption seems on its face to make sense as research in cultural psychology often involves comparing groups or cultures.

What is cultural psychology?

Cultural psychology is not just about What, but, more importantly, Whyand How. It not only uncovers the diversity of human cognition and behavior, but also provides theoretical and empirical insights into such diversity and in so doing greatly advances our general understanding of human cognition and behavior.

How to study cultural influences?

To study cultural influences at multiple levels of analysis and further examine the interaction between the individual, community, and culture will significantly enrich our understanding of the overarching and dynamic role of culture in human behavior.

What are some assumptions about cultural psychology?

Some of the assumptions are mythical, some incomplete, and some outright false. Together, they seriously undermine the importance of culture and cultural psychology in the study of human cognition and behavior. Assumption 1: Cultural psychology is only about finding group differences. Assumption 2: Cultural psychology does not care about group ...

Can theories of WEIRD populations be valid?

When that happens, it is great and one can celebrate. However, not all theories developed based on WEIRD populations can prove valid across cultures. When one fails to confirm a theory in non-WEIRD populations, that is when things get more interesting, to cultural psychologists at least.

Is cultural psychology irrelevant?

Setting aside the assumption that cultural psychology is irrelevant to basic psychological processes can open the door for researchers to examine human psychological processes and constructs in new perspectives. Assumption 5: Cultural psychology is only to confirm the generalizability of theories. Cultural psychology is indispensable in confirming ...

What is culture in psychology?

In psychology, culture refers to a set of ideas and beliefs which give people sense of shared history and can guide our behavior within society. Culture manifests itself in our language, art, daily routines, religion and sense of morality, among other forms, and is passed down from generation to generation.

Who attributed behavior and our anxieties to inner, unresolved conflicts between the id, the

Sigmund Freud, attributed behavior and our anxieties to inner, unresolved conflicts between the id, the ego and superego, whilst more recently, Abraham Maslow described human motivation as being driven by a set of internal desires in a Hierarchy of Needs. 1. In Depth. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.

What is a collectivistic behavior?

Collectivistic behavior may see altruistic acts or favors being carried out without the expectation of a reward other than that which benefits society. For example, a person may work extra hours without additional reward to fix a well, knowing that it will help to satisfy their fellow villagers' need for water.

What is individualistic society?

Individualistic societies focus on needs of the individual person and encourage each person to strive to achieve their own potential, often in competition with, or sometimes to the detriment of, a person's peers.

What is the Strange Situation test?

Mary Ainsworth developed the Strange Situation test (Ainsworth and Bell, 1970) which built on the work of John Bowlby to demonstrate the different types of attachment to the caregiver that infants experience, including secure, anxious-resistant and anxious-avoidant attachments. 4 Such attachments have been widely recognised and are still used in understanding parent-child relationships today. However, in the Strange Situation test, Ainsworth's subjects were from middle class, Caucasian backgrounds - a demographic which struggles to represent the cultural makeup of the US, still less other countries.

What is cross cultural analysis?

Cross-cultural analyses of psychology studies has also had implications for the way levels of intelligence are measured among populations. We might believe that intelligence can be measured objectively, and in the West, the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) test is commonly used to quantify and compare people's intelligence.

What are cultural differences in emotional intelligence?

Cultural differences with respect to emotional intelligence have also been identified in participants in a Japanese study, in which participants were shown cartoons of people displaying varying emotions, surrounded by people who either showed the same or a different emotion.

Types of Culture-Bound Disorders

Historical Origins

Conceptual Issues

• The distinction between “culture-bound” and “universal” disorders has provoked considerable controversy. Essentially, the major issue is whether all mental disorders should be considered culture-bound or whether the term should be reserved for those disorders judged by Western-trained scientists and professional to be localized or folk disorders. F...

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Why Are Culture-Bound Disorders Important For Western Psychiatry?