what is the alignment of bricks from course to course called?

Full Answer

What is a course of bricks?

A course of bricks is the number of bricks laid one length side by side, or two widths apart in order to complete a line. A 10-inch brick laid four inches deep is a 10-inch x 4-inch course. A 12-inch brick laid six inches deep is a 12-inch x 6-inch course. A 16-inch brick laid eight inches deep is a 16-inch x 8-inch course.

What do you call bricks that are oriented horizontally?

Such bricks are called soldiers." ^ Sovinski, p. 43. "Those brick positions oriented in a horizontal alignment are called stretcher, header, rowlock stretcher, and rowlock. A rowlock stretcher is sometimes called a shiner. The two corresponding vertical orientations are the soldier and sailor positions."

What is a 10x4 brick course?

A course of bricks is the number of bricks laid one length side by side, or two widths apart in order to complete a line. A 10-inch brick laid four inches deep is a 10-inch x 4-inch course. A 12-inch brick laid six inches deep is a 12-inch x 6-inch course.

What is brick coursing and is it important?

Brick coursing is an integral component of the design and construction of brick or stone buildings, and is an important part of making the building aesthetically pleasing. The spacing between each course can vary, but will always be consistent within a single building.

What do you call the lines between bricks?

In masonry, mortar joints are the spaces between bricks, concrete blocks, or glass blocks, that are filled with mortar or grout.

What is a course of brick called?

BELT COURSE: A narrow horizontal course of masonry, sometimes slightly projected such as window sills which are made continuous. Sometimes called string course or sill course.

What is the staggered brick pattern called?

Running bondRunning bond (easy) Also called subway tile or offset, the running bond pattern is one of the simplest and most common brick patterns. Bricks are laid end to end in a straight line and rows are staggered.

What is a brick header course?

Each horizontal layer of brick in a masonry structure is called a course. Brick laid flat and perpendicular to the face of the wall are called headers. A header course consists entirely of headers (horizontal, short, narrow side laid on wide edge). Brickwork. Parts of brickwork include bricks, beds and perpends.

What does it mean to stagger bricks?

If you stack up bricks in single-file columns, the stacks can easily topple. But if you stack them so that the joints are staggered, or are offset, between neighboring courses, the bricks are essentially woven together. In this way, the bond adds strength to the construction to make a mortared wall even stronger.

How do you stagger bricks?

Stagger the bricks on each course by starting with a half or turned brick. If you are turning the corner you began at, you will set each course half a brick back from the previous course, so that each course is staggered half a brick.

What is a brick lay pattern?

A common pattern is a block of four bricks stacked that is rotated by 90 degrees and then repeated in a stack bond. An alternative is a stack bond of two bricks, where the following two layers are staggered with a half brick length. This can be referred to as a double stretcher bond.

How are bricks arranged?

Bonding is the arrangement of bricks in a structure such as a wall or column. Very broadly, bricks can be laid as soldiers (standing upright), stretchers (laid lengthwise along the wall) or headers (laid width wise along the wall).

What is herringbone bond?

The herringbone bond is a variety of raking bond in which units are laid at an angle of 45° to the direction of the row, instead of horizontally. Alternate courses lie in opposing directions, resulting in a zigzag pattern.

What is a header called in masonry?

use in masonry A bond course of headers (units laid with their ends toward the face of the wall) can be used to bond exterior masonry to backing masonry. Headers used in this manner may also be called throughstones, or perpends.

What is plumb in brickwork?

Check that the wall face is vertical by using a spirit level, tap the brick across the wall as necessary to adjust the brick as necessary. Do not try to do this to both sides of the wall, choose one side as 'the face' and just plumb that side.

What are the technical terms in masonry?

Back and Backing. The internal surface of the wall is called back and the material used on the back is called backing.Face and Facing. The outer or exposed face of the wall is called face and the material used on the face is called facing. ... Prepeds. ... Spalls. ... String course. ... Cornice. ... Drip course. ... Parapet.More items...•

What is a brick beveled?

It is that portion of a brick in which the whole length of the brick is beveled for maintaining half width at one end and full width at the other.

What is a joint in a course?

Joint. It is the junction of two or more bricks or stones. If the joint is parallel to the bed of bricks or stones in a course then it is termed as bed joint. The joint which are perpendicular to the bed joints are termed as vertical joints or side joints or simply joints.

What is a header in brick?

Header. It is a brick or stone which lies with its greatest length at right angles to the face of the work.. in case of stone masonry header is sometimes known as through stone. The course of brick work in which all the bricks are laid as headers is known as header course.

What is a plinth?

Plinth. it is the horizontal course of stone or brick provided at the base of the wall above ground level. It indicates the height of the ground level above the natural ground level. It protects the building from dampness.

What is alignment in a course?

If a course is properly aligned, it means the goals and objectives are directly related to the instruction , activities, and assessments. Proper alignment helps ensure that what is taught and practiced in the course will allow the learner to successfully perform the necessary tasks required by the job functions.

How to ensure course alignment?

To ensure course alignment, start with the end in mind. Courses are designed by working backwards from desired results to method of instruction. Therefore, you must first determine what the learner needs to know or do at the completion of the course. These are the competencies.

What is the final step in alignment?

The final step in the alignment is the creation of activities that allow the learner to practice applying the new skills and knowledge. The activities should support the instructional methods and prepare the learner for the assessments. All activities should involve an element of feedback to help the learners apply the information correctly and be successful with the assessments afterwards.

What is the next step in aligning a course?

The next step in aligning a course is to determine the most effective ways to communicating and imparting the new information to the learner. This can be accomplished various different ways including lecture, demonstration, group discussion, and case study.

Why is it important to link teaching methods and learning activities, to assessments, to learning objectives, and ultimately to course learning

Linking teaching methods and learning activities, to assessments, to learning objectives, and ultimately to course learning goals will help ensure the intended learning takes place. All these elements need to be closely aligned so that they reinforce one another. If the learning objectives, activities, instruction, and assessments are not in alignment the course may be disorganized and ineffective.

What are the faces of brick?

As the most common bricks are rectangular prisms, six surfaces are named as follows: Top and bottom surfaces are called Beds. Ends or narrow surfaces are called Headers or header faces. Sides or wider surfaces are called Stretchers or stretcher faces. Mortar terminology- showing perpends and bed.

Where are bricks found?

Much older examples of brickwork made with dried (but not fired) bricks may be found in such ancient locations as Jericho in Palestine, Çatal Höyük in Anatolia, and Mehrgarh in Pakistan. These structures have survived from the Stone Age to the present day. Co-ordination dimensions of a brick in a wall.

What is brickwork in London?

Polychromatic and indented brickwork in a Mid-Victorian terrace in West London. Brickwork is masonry produced by a brickla yer, using bricks and mortar. Typically, rows of bricks called courses are laid on top of one another to build up a structure such as a brick wall . Bricks may be differentiated from blocks by size.

What is the stretching course?

One of the two kinds of course in this family of bonds is called a stretching course, and this typically comprises nothing but stretchers at the face from quoin to quoin. The other kind of course is the heading course, and this usually consists of headers, with two queen closers—one by the quoin header at either end—to generate the bond.

What is a perforated brick?

Perforated bricks have holes through the brick from bed to bed, cutting it all the way. Most of the building standards and good construction practices recommend the volume of holes should not exceeding 20% of the total volume of the brick. Parts of brickwork include bricks, beds and perpends.

What is a depression on a brick?

Bricks might have a depression on both beds or on a single bed. The depression is called a frog, and the bricks are known as frogged bricks. Frogs can be deep or shallow but should never exceed 20% of the total volume of the brick. Cellular bricks have depressions exceeding 20% of the volume of the brick.

When were bricks invented?

The fired-brick faces of the ziggurat of ancient Dur-Kurigalzu in Iraq date from around 1400 BC , and the brick buildings of ancient Mohenjo-daro in Pakistan were built around 2600 BC.

How big is a course of bricks?

A course of bricks is the number of bricks laid one length side by side, or two widths apart in order to complete a line.

What is the thickness of a brick?

The thickness of a brick is the measurement from one side to the other of an individual brick. The thickness does not include the mortar used to hold the bricks together.

How do I measure the width of rows of bricks?

The width of a row is the number of bricks laid one length side to side, or two widths apart in order to complete a line.

What is the dimensions of a standard brick?

There are three dimensions that individual bricks can be specified by:

How do I measure a standard brick?

In conventional building, bricks are laid in mortar to produce a range of dimensions. The most common are described below:

What is the brick dimensions in MM

The standard brickwork coordinating size is 225 mm x 112.5 mm x 75 mm (length x depth x height).

What is the standard brick dimensions in inches

In conventional brick construction, standard bricks are laid in mortar to produce a range of dimensions. A typical brick measures 2-1/4 inches wide by 7-1/2 to 8 inches long.

What is a course in masonry?

A course is a layer of the same unit running horizontally in a wall. It can also be defined as a continuous row of any masonry unit such as bricks, concrete masonry units (CMU), stone, shingles, tiles, etc.

What is a wythe of brick?

A wythe may be independent of, or interlocked with, the adjoining wythe (s). A single wythe of brick that is not structural in nature is referred to as a masonry veneer . A standard 8-inch CMU block is exactly equal to three courses of brick. A bond (or bonding) pattern) is the arrangement of several courses of brickwork.

What are the different types of courses?

Different patterns can be used in different parts of a building, some decorative and some structural; this depends on the bond patterns. Stretcher course (Stretching course): This is a course made up of a row of stretchers. This is the simplest arrangement of masonry units. If the wall is two wythes thick, one header is used ...

What is a stretcher in masonry?

Stretcher: Units are laid horizontally with their longest end parallel to the face of the wall. This orientation can display the bedding of a masonry stone. Header: Units are laid on their widest edge so that their shorter ends face the outside of the wall.

What is a string course?

String course (Belt course or Band course): A decorative horizontal row of masonry, narrower than the other courses, that extends across the façade of a structure or wraps around decorative elements like columns. Sill course: Stone masonry courses at the windowsill, projected out from the wall.

What is a header course?

If the wall is two wythes thick, one header is used to bind the two wythes together. Header course: This is a course made up of a row of headers. Bond course: This is a course of headers that bond the facing masonry to the backing masonry.