what is pp&e course

What is the full meaning of PP?

• Process Capability. How do you know if your process is capable? ...
• Process Capability Index
• Is the Process Acceptable? Ppk (Capability) Ppk is another performance index that measures how close the current process mean’s proximity is to the specification limits.
• Pp, Ppk In Relation to Z Scores. ...
• ASQ Six Sigma Green Belt Process Performance Questions. ...

What does pp stand for in study?

[Actual] Process Performance Analysis (Pp, Ppk) A process performance study is used to EVALUATE a manufacturing process and answers the question: “how did the process actually perform over a period of time?" This is a historical analysis rather than a predictive analysis, but can still be used to drive process improvements.

What does pp stand for in medical terminology?

• a.c.: Before meals. As in taking a medicine before meals.
• a/g ratio: Albumin to globulin ratio.
• ACL: Anterior cruciate ligament.
• Ad lib: At liberty.
• AFR: Acute renal failure.
• ADHD: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
• ADR: Adverse drug reaction.
• AIDS: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

What does pp stand for in paper?

What does the abbreviation PP stand for in writing? 1.General:PP is the abbreviation used to denote “Per Procurationem” , from the Latin for “by agency”, used when signing on behalf of someone else. Pages (plural), in publishing (pp. particular pages), from Latin paginae, see Acronym and initialism#Representing plurals and possessives. ...

What does PP stand for?

(also p.p.) Per procurationem (used when signing a letter on someone else's behalf).

What is PP in chat?

What Does PP Mean? The official meaning of the acronym “PP” represents the phrase “personal problem.” A “personal problem” is described as a situation that someone refuses to make anyone else's problem except that of the person experiencing it. Origin of PP.

What is PP in social media?

Profile picture. Refers to the primary photo displayed in a person's profile on a social media website, such as Facebook, Twitter, or LinkedIn.

What does PP stand for on TikTok?

While profile picture used to be a simple PP, on TikTok it has taken up the acronym of PFP. On other social media apps, the acronym also stands for 'Picture For Proof' which is basically asking a person to send them proof of what they are doing.

What is PP WhatsApp?

Summary of Key Points. "WhatsApp" is the most common definition for WHATS@PP on Snapchat, WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

What is PP in FB comment?

1. pp is written before a person's name at the bottom of a formal or business letter in order to indicate that they have signed the letter on behalf of the person whose name appears before theirs.

What does pp mean in online selling?

PP stands for Purchase Price.

What does ⭕ 💢 mean on TikTok?

⭕️💢 represents the exercise of flexing and relaxing the pelvic floor, which is also known as kegel exercises. TikTok users have been creating daily reminder videos, reminding girls to do their pelvic floor exercises in order to strengthen their pelvic floor muscles. See also.

What does PFA stand for?

Please Find AttachedPFA, an email abbreviation for "Please Find Attached" or "Please Find the Attachment"

How do you do POV on TikTok?

How to do POV text TikTok challengeOpen TikTok.Click on the 'Discover' tab.Type POV into the search bar and press enter.Tap on the record button next to the filter.Click on the 'Add sound' button and search for the song you want to use as part of the challenge.More items...•

What do UwU mean?

cute faceUwu is an emoticon depicting a cute face. It is used to express various warm, happy, or affectionate feelings. A closely related emoticon is owo, which can more specifically show surprise and excitement. There are many variations of uwu and owo, including and OwO, UwU, and OwU, among others.

What is PP plastic?

Also called PP plastic, this is the second most extensively used plastic. It is known for being durable, robust, and resistant to many external factors. You’ll be surprised by the inherent use of PP plastic in everyday items such as utensils, housewares, toys, cars, plastic pallets, sportswear, and even in lab and medical equipment.

What are the benefits of PP plastic?

BENEFITS OF PP. Chemical Resistance: Many chemicals don’t react with PP, which means it’s a suitable for plastic pallets and containers that handle such chemicals. Biological Resistance: PP plastic doesn’t deteriorate, or form mold caused by biological variables such as fungi and bacteria. Water Resistance:

Is PP plastic good for electronics?

PP plastic is highly resistant to electricity which is why it is the material of choice in electronic components. This material has a high melting point, making it an excellent material for kitchen utensils, food appliances.

Is polypropylene plastic recyclable?

Polypropylene is a very affordable material and is therefore easy to make available to many users. Polypropylene plastic is a sustainable material. It is entirely recyclable. Unlike other plastics, it can be used repeatedly, preventing it from ending up in a landfill.

What is a PPR?

Polypropylene copolymers are in use as well. A particularly important one is polypropylene random copolymer ( PPR or PP-R ), a random copolymer with polyethylene used for plastic pipework .

How much is polypropylene worth in 2019?

In 2019, the global market for polypropylene was worth $126.03 billion. Revenues are expected to exceed US$145 billion by 2019. The sales of this material are forecast to grow at a rate of 5.8% per year until 2021.

What is the melting point of polypropylene?

Perfectly isotactic PP has a melting point of 171 °C (340 °F). Commercial isotactic PP has a melting point that ranges from 160 to 166 °C (320 to 331 °F), depending on atactic material and crystallinity. Syndiotactic PP with a crystallinity of 30% has a melting point of 130 °C (266 °F). Below 0 °C, PP becomes brittle.

How does polypropylene break?

Polypropylene is liable to chain degradation from exposure to temperatures above 100 °C. Oxidation usually occurs at the tertiary carbon centers leading to chain breaking via reaction with oxygen. In external applications, degradation is evidenced by cracks and crazing. It may be protected by the use of various polymer stabilizers, including UV-absorbing additives and anti-oxidants such as phosphites (e.g. tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite) and hindered phenols, which prevent polymer degradation.

What is the Young's modulus of polyethylene?

However, the density of polyethylene can significantly change with fillers. The Young's modulus of PP is between 1300 and 1800 N/mm². Polypropylene is normally tough and flexible, especially when copolymerized with ethylene.

What are the three types of polypropylene?

There are three general types of polypropylene: homopolymer, random copolymer, and block copolymer. The comonomer is typically used with ethylene.

Who discovered polypropylene?

Phillips Petroleum chemists J. Paul Hogan and Robert Banks first demonstrated the polymerization of propylene in 1951. The stereoselective polymerization to the isotactic was discovered by Giulio Natta and Karl Rehn in March 1954. This pioneering discovery led to large-scale commercial production of isotactic polypropylene by the Italian firm Montecatini from 1957 onwards. Syndiotactic polypropylene was also first synthesized by Natta.

What is PP in packaging?

Polypropylene (PP) is a rigid and crystalline thermoplastic used widely in everyday objects like packaging trays, household products, battery cases, medical devices, etc. Explore this comprehensive guide and learn everything you need to know about this widely used thermoplastic.

What is a spp?

Syndiotactic (sPP) - Alternating methyl group (CH 3) arrangement. Polypropylene was first polymerized by German chemist named Karl Rehn and an Italian chemist named Giulio Natta to a crystalline isotactic polymer in 1954.

Why is polypropylene used in packaging?

Polypropylene is widely used in various applications due to its good chemical resistance and weldability. Some common uses of polypropylene include: Packaging Applications: Good barrier properties, high strength, good surface finish and low cost make Polypropylene ideal for several packaging applications.

What are the two types of polypropylene?

Types of Polypropylene & their Benefits. Homopolymers and Copolymers are the two major types of polypropylene available in the market. Polypropylene Homopolymer is the most widely utilized general-purpose grade. It contains only propylene monomer in a semi-crystalline solid form.

What is polypropylene used for?

Industrial Applications: Polypropylene sheets are widely used in industrial sector to produce acid and chemical tanks, sheets, pipes, Returnable Transport Packaging (RTP), etc. because of its properties like high tensile strength, resistance to high temperatures and corrosion resistance.

What is the melting point of polypropylene?

Here are some key properties and benefits of polypropylene: Melting Point of Polypropylene - The melting point of polypropylene occurs at a range. Homopolymer: 160 - 165°C. Copolymer: 135 - 159°C. Density of Polypropylene - PP is one of the lightest polymers among all commodity plastics.

What is impact copolymer?

Impact copolymers are mainly used in packaging, houseware, film, and pipe applications, as well as in the automotive and electrical segments. Expanded Polypropylene - It is a closed-cell bead foam with ultra-low density. EPP is used to produce three-dimensional polymer foam products.

What is PP used for?

PP materials are often used in the consumer goods sector to manufacture products like Luggage, toys, furniture, etc. It is also used for packaging materials for fruits, veggies, and meats.

What is PP material?

PP material is one of the most versatile thermoplastic processes to work with. It can be processed with virtually all the methods quite efficiently. However, we will discuss Injection and Extrusion molding.

What is polypropylene made of?

What is Polypropylene Material? Polypropylene, better known as PP, is a crystalline thermoplastic made up of a blend of different polypropylene monomers. It is known for its toughness and rigidness.

How big is the polypropylene industry?

According to a study conducted by Fortune Business Insights, the global polypropylene industry’s size stood at USD 78.22 Billion in 2019 and is projected for profitable growth with reaching USD 105.49 Billion by the year 2027.

Why is polypropylene used in medical applications?

Medical Applications: Polypropylene has a huge influence in the medical industry because of its dozens of applications. High chemical and bacterial resistance is the main reason for that immense influence. Additionally, Medical Grade PP demonstrates decent stream sterilization.

What are the two types of polypropylene?

There are two major types of polypropylene available in the global market called Homopolymers and Copolymers. 1. Polypropylene Homopolymer: It is the most extensively utilized general-purpose grade polypropylene type. It contains a propylene monomer in a semi-crystalline form.

When was polypropylene first used?

The story of the origination of polypropylene materials is quite interesting in its own way. The first commercially available polypropylene enzyme was found in 1954 by an Italian chemist named Guilio Natta and his assistant Paolo Chini.

What is PP plastic?

PP plastics are also used in fiber-reinforced composites. Common trade names for FRP glass fiber reinforced polypropylene include Polystrand and Twintex.

What does flow rate mean in polypropylene?

The flow rate is a measure of molecular weight and this determines how easily it will flow during processing. A higher MFR allows the polypropylene to fill the mold more easily. As the melt flow increases, some of the physical properties of the plastic decreases, however, such as impact strength.

When was polypropylene first used?

German chemist, Karl Rehn, and Giulio Natta first polymerized propylene to a crystalline isotactic polymer in March 1954. This discovery soon led to the commercial production of polypropylene starting in 1957. Others claimed the discovery, as often occurs when a general body of knowledge is used, and this litigation was not resolved until 1989. This very popular plastic is one that many different manufacturers use for a number of different products.

What are the advantages of polypropylene?

Polypropylene offers many different advantages. These advantages allow it to be used for a wide variety of different products and uses , from high heat to cold weather and more. What are some of these advantages? The low cost makes it budget-friendly for a wide number of uses. Has a moderate strength and stability.

Process Capability

How do you know if your process is capable? Process Capability Pp measures the process spread vs the specification spread. In other words, how distributed the outcome of your process is vs what the requirements are.

Is the Process Acceptable? Ppk (Capability)

Ppk is another performance index that measures how close the current process mean’s proximity is to the specification limits. In other words, does this process deliver acceptable results?

Pp, Ppk In Relation to Z Scores

Ppk can be determined by diving the Z score by three. A z score is the same as a standard score; the number of standard deviations above the mean.

ASQ Six Sigma Green Belt Process Performance Questions

Question: Which of the following measures is increased when process performance is improved?

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Polypropylene –

Water resistance, makes polypropylene impenetrable, making it extremely useful in industrial and medical applications.

Applications –

Automotive: panels, floor trims, fender lines, trays, boxes, battery cases.

FAQs –

Ans. Inhalation of fine particles may cause respiratory irritation. Fume created by thermal processing can be the reason for irritation, pulmonary edema, and a possible asthma-like response. However, that will happen if you consistently inhale polypropylene particles. A random contact once in a while won’t have any negative effects on your health.

Overview

History

Chemical and physical properties

Production

Manufacturing from polypropylene

Applications

Recycling

Repairing