Rare causes of post-infectious glomerulonephritis include other bacterial or viral infections and malaria. Poor hygiene, overcrowding, and low socioeconomic status are important risk factors for streptococci outbreaks, and this explains the higher incidence of PSGN in the impoverished countries.
Though the incidence of PSGN has declined in developed countries, the incidence of non-streptococcal organisms is emerging. Nephritis-associated plasmin receptor (NAPlr) and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SPeB) are the two common antigens associated with the pathogenesis of PSGN.
ReviewAcute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis: the most common acute glomerulonephritis. VanDeVoorde RG 3rd. Pediatr Rev. 2015 Jan; 36(1):3-12; quiz 13.
The most common presenting symptom is gross hematuria as it occurs in 30 to 50% of cases with acute PSGN; patients often describe their urine as smoky, tea-colored, cola-colored, or rusty. The hematuria can be described as postpharyngitic (hematuria seen after weeks of infection).
It is caused by an infection with a type of streptococcus bacteria. The infection does not occur in the kidneys, but in a different part of the body, such as the skin or throat. The disorder may develop 1 to 2 weeks after an untreated throat infection, or 3 to 4 weeks after a skin infection.
Glomerular disease may be caused by an infection or a drug that is harmful to your kidneys. In other cases, it may be caused by a disease that affects the entire body, like diabetes or lupus. Many different diseases can cause swelling (inflammation) or scarring (sclerosis) of the glomerulus.
The most common type of PIGN is caused by a type of bacteria called streptococcus (strep). Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis most often affects children 1-2 weeks after a streptococcal throat infection (“strep throat"). Less often, it can happen 3-6 weeks after a streptococcal skin infection.
Diabetic nephropathy: This condition is the leading cause of glomerular disease and of total kidney failure in the U.S. Diabetic nephropathy scars the kidneys and raises glucose levels. Glucose speeds blood flow into the kidney, which strains the filtering function of the glomeruli and raising blood pressure.
Glomerular filtration is caused by the force of the difference between hydrostatic and osmotic pressure (though the glomerular filtration rate includes other variables as well).
IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the commonest primary glomerulonephritis (GN), is the most frequent cause of glomerular hematuria (Table 1) [12,17]. Approximately half of patients can present with outbreaks of macroscopic gross hematuria (MGH), while the other half can do so with microhematuria.
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (gloe-mer-u-low-nuh-FRY-tis) — or PSGN — is a rare kidney disease that can develop after group A strep infections. The main way to prevent PSGN is to prevent group A strep infections. On This Page. PSGN Is a Rare Complication from a Prior Group A Strep Infection.
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) is an immunologically-mediated sequela of pharyngitis or skin infections caused by nephritogenic strains of Streptococcus pyogenes. S. pyogenes are also called group A Streptococcus or group A strep.
It is caused by an infection with a type of streptococcus bacteria. The infection does not occur in the kidneys, but in a different part of the body, such as the skin or throat. The disorder may develop 1 to 2 weeks after an untreated throat infection, or 3 to 4 weeks after a skin infection.
What causes acute glomerulonephritis? The acute disease may be caused by infections such as strep throat. It may also be caused by other illnesses, including lupus, Goodpasture's syndrome, Wegener's disease, and polyarteritis nodosa. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are important to prevent kidney failure.
Primary glomerular disease means that the condition occurs on its own, without another known systemic disease such as lupus or diabetes. These diseases are also known as idiopathic (having no known cause), and cause Nephrotic Syndrome.
IgA nephropathy, also known as Berger's disease, is the most common type of glomerulonephritis, and generally presents with isolated visible or occult hematuria, occasionally combined with low grade proteinuria, and rarely causes a nephritic syndrome characterised by proteinuria, and visible blood in the urine.
The body responds to nephrogenic streptococcal infection by forming immune complexes containing the streptococcal antigen with a human antibody .[2] Some theories suggest that these immune complexes become deposited in kidney glomeruli reaching through the circulation.
The most common presenting symptom is gross hematuria as it occurs in 30 to 50% of cases with acute PSGN; patients often describe their urine as smoky, tea-colored, cola-colored, or rusty. The hematuria can be described as postpharyngitic (hematuria seen after weeks of infection).
Higher incidence of PSGN in developing countries- due to increased skin infections (pyoderma). Though the incidence in developed countries has gone down, it is still the most common cause of glomerulonephritis (GN) in children in the united states.
The pharmacist should coordinate with the clinician to ensure that the patient is on no nephrotoxic medications and emphasize medication compliance if the patient has hypertension. The visiting nurse should encourage all close contacts and family members to undergo throat swabs to rule out an acute infection.