Course Codes 2010. The listings of course codes provided are current as of September 2010 and include course codes in the curriculum policy documents (see Course Descriptions and Prerequisites) and additional courses that may be offered. Periodically, as revised curriculum policy documents are released, the course codes listings will be updated.
CR grades are not included in the calculation of GPA. (GE and Title 5 courses may not be taken for CR/NC. They must be taken for a grade.) No Credit (NC) No Credit (NC) is assigned for work equivalent to C-, D+, D, D- or F for undergraduate courses, and to B-, C+, C, C-, D+, D, D- or F for post-baccalaureate and graduate courses. NC grades are ...
This article will explain the following topics in details:1) Step 1: Understand RS232 Connection and Signals2) Step 2: Learn about the Protocol3) Step 3: Control your RS232 devices by using 232Analyzer After reading this page, you should be able to understand most of the hardware and software (protocol) standards for R
B: Alter course to the left until the range closes, then steer to the left of 306ø T. C: Alter course to the left to close the range, then alter course to 309ø T. D: Maintain course as it is normal for the range to open as 268: The illustration shows the symbols used on radiofacsimile weather charts.
400-level course designation Advanced upper-division courses, seminars, practicums, or internships for majors and upper- division students.
300-400 courses are “upper-division” courses. These courses provide more in-depth study, frequently in the student's major. (If your college uses a four- or five-digit numbering scheme, this rule will still hold true. 0000 is remedial, 1000-2000 is lower division, and 3000-4000 is upper division.)Aug 31, 2020
A 100 level course code indicates that you will be engaging with discipline knowledge and skills at a foundation level. These courses are normally studied in your first year of full-time study. A 200 level course code indicates the course is expanding on introductory knowledge and skills.
Typically, a course code includes a letter or number for each specific department; a letter or number for each specific subject (i.e., American history in the history/social studies department OR biology in the science department.)
2000- level courses are graduate courses offered in conjunction with 100-level courses, for which graduate students are expected to fulfill substantially enhanced requirements. No student, however may enroll in a 2000-level course if he/she received undergraduate credit for the equivalent undergraduate course.
300-Level and 400-Level Courses Such courses are at an advanced-undergraduate level of difficulty, and are generally taken by majors, minors, and other students with a well-defined interest and demonstrated ability in a particular subject area.
What are A Levels? According to the official UCAS website, “A levels are subject-based qualifications that can lead to university, further study, training, or work. You can normally study three or more A Levels over two years.” Recognised by universities around the world, the A Levels originated in the UK.Jul 5, 2021
An undergraduate degree is completed at university, usually after sixth form. It spans from educational Levels 4-6.Feb 8, 2019
A unit represents approximately three hours of work per week. Thus a 3 unit course will probably require 9 hours of work per week, a 5 unit course will require 15 hours per week, and so forth. Of course, the actual hours may vary somewhat from class to class and student to student.
The course title (sometimes also called the course name) and number are important identifiers for your course. It is a good idea to use titles and numbers that are easy to understand and remember. The course enrollment track specifies the type of certificate, if any, that the course offers.
101 (pronounced ONE-oh-ONE) is a topic for beginners in any area. It has all the basic principles and concepts that are expected in a particular field. In American university course numbering systems, the number 101 is often used for an introductory course at a beginner's level in a department's subject area.
course reference numberA CRN is a course reference number and is assigned by Banner when a course section is created.
2) Step 2: Learn about the Protocol. 3) Step 3: Control your RS232 devices by using 232Analyzer.
232Analyzer is an Advanced Serial Port Protocol Analyzer software, which allows you to control / debug, monitor / sniff serial devices (RS-232 / RS-485 / RS-422 / TTL) right from your PC. 232Analyzer is a shareware, the FREE version has some limitation but is more than enough to test and control your serial devices. Click here to download a FREE copy.
A straight-through cable is used to connect a DTE (e.g. computer) to a DCE (e.g. modem), all signals in one side connected to the corresponding signals in the other side in a one-to-one basis. A crossover (null-modem) cable is used to connect two DTE directly, without a modem in between.
Synchronous Communication requires the sender and receiver to share the same clock. The sender provides a timing signal to the receiver so that the receiver knows when to "read" the data. Synchronous Communication generally has higher data rates and greater error-checking capability. A printer is a form of Synchronous Communication.
Internal computer communications consists of digital electronics, represented by only two conditions: ON or OFF. We represent these with two numbers: 0 and 1 , which in the binary system is termed a Bit.
Data bits are a measurement of the actual data bits in a communication packet. For example, the above graphic shows eight (8) data bits in a communication packet. A communication packet refers to a single byte transfer, including Start / Stop bits, Data bits and Parity.
Parity is a simple way to error-check. There are Even, Odd, Mark and Space indicators. You can also use no parity. For Even and Odd parity, the serial port sets the parity bit (the last bit after the data bit) to a value to ensure that the data packet has an Even or Odd number of logic-high bits.
A Gage R&R study quantifies the inherent variation in the measurement system, but measurement system accuracy (more specifically referred to as bias) must be verified through a calibration process. For example, when reading an outdoor thermometer, we might find a total Gage R&R of five degrees, meaning that we will observe up to five degrees of temperature variation, independent of the actual temperature at a given time. However, the thermometer itself might also be calibrated ten degrees to the low side, meaning that, on average, the thermometer will read ten degrees below the actual temperature. The effects of poor accuracy and a high Gage R&R can render a measurement system useless if not addressed.Therefore, before you feel comfortable making decisions about a measurement, you should have a completed calibration AND acceptable results from a Gage R&R study. This is why calibration alone is not enough. In fact, we have seen measurement systems so poor that we recommended not taking any more measurements until the issues were resolved, as it was increasing the chance of false failures and false passes. There was no confidence that the measurement system results could be trusted.
Ten samples are considered a good number for a Gage R&R study in a manufacturing environment, but smaller quantities can be used for low volume environments. Gage R&R studies require multiple measurements to be taken on the same part, to see if the individual or equipment can repeat itself and repeat others.
A specific type of measurement system analysis ( MSA ), using 2 or 3 operators (or measurement tools), 5 to 10 parts or items, and 2 to 3 repeat measurements. Each employee will measure each item multiple times ( repeatability ), and their average measurement of each item will be compared to the average for the operators or measurement tools ( reproducibility ). If the variation of repeatability and reproducibility exceeds 10% of the tolerance width (upper limit – lower limit), then it is recommended to make improvements in the measurement system to reduce the variation. Measurement variation can come from many sources, and is represented by the acronym PISMOEA
KIT is a proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase that is found on the cell membrane and binds to stem cell factor. This activates the KIT protein, resulting in the activation of multiple signaling pathways affecting cell growth, proliferation, survival, and migration. Mutations in KIT occur in 1% to 3% of all melanomas and are most commonly found in exon 11 (L576P) or exon 13 (K642E). 68 KIT mutations are more commonly found in acral or mucosal melanomas (approximately 15% each, and in vulvovaginal more often than sinonasal melanomas) and in areas of chronic sun damage (approximately 2%). 69, 70 Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, particularly imatinib, have demonstrated some activity in the treatment of KIT -mutant melanoma. Responses to treatment in patients with exon 11 mutations occur in the range of 30% to 50%, although acquired resistance typically occurs within 1 year. 71, 72 Conversely, KIT amplification does not appear to mediate imatinib sensitivity.
Mutations in Rac family small GTPase 1 ( RAC1) occur in approximately 10% of patients with sun-exposed melanomas and tend to co-occur with BRAF or NRAS mutations. In vitro studies have suggested that the primary “hotspot” mutation ( RAC1 P29S) activates downstream signaling pathways, thus promoting proliferation and migration. 12 Subsequent studies have suggested that this mutation may regulate PD-L1 expression and mediate resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors, although this mutation does not preclude clinical responses. 84, 85
The RAS family includes 3 primary proto-oncogenes, NRAS, KRAS , and HRAS , that regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis. NRAS mutations constitutively activate the MAPK, PI3K, and other cell signaling pathways, causing cell growth, proliferation, and cell cycle dysfunction. NRAS mutations occur in >20% of patients with cutaneous melanoma, most commonly in codon 61 and less often in codons 12 and 13. 9, 64 Melanomas with NRAS mutations are associated with an aggressive clinical course and a poor prognosis. They are more common in non-sun-exposed skin. 65
On the higher end of the spectrum, carcinogen-induced cancers, including cancers of the cervix, bladder, head and neck, and lung, typically have a median of 5 to 10 mutations per MB, although intratumoral variation is quite high.
Melanoma historically has been thought of as an immune-responsive cancer. Indeed, the only effective historical therapies for metastatic disease were interleukin 2 and adoptive cell therapy. 19, 20 More recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors have further transformed the treatment of metastatic melanoma.
The NF1 gene product is a GTPase-activating protein that dampens MAPK signaling by downregulating RAS activity, and mutations and/or loss of NF1 lead to MAPK activation. NF1 mutations define the third most common genomically defined subset of melanomas, and were reported to occur in approximately 14% of TCGA melanoma samples, including up to 70% of BRAF / NRAS wild-type samples. 9 The majority of NF1 mutations lead to a loss of function of this tumor suppressor, with approximately 80% of patients having a nonsense mutation, an insertion, or a deletion that leads to a truncated protein. 73
To the best of our knowledge, the relationship between melanocytic nevi and the development of melanoma is incompletely understood. BRAF mutations are an acquired event and are found in 70% to 80% of nevi, and tend to occur more often in melanomas ar ising from preexisting nevi.
In RS232, ‘RS’ stands for Recommended Standard. It defines the serial communication using DTE and DCE signals. Here, DTE refers to Data Terminal Equipment and DCE refers to the Data Communication Equipment. Example of DTE device is a computer and DCE is a modem.
But still, RS232 has proven to be prominent. The reason is, RS232 signals spread over longer distances when compared to I2C and serial TTL signals. Moreover, it has better noise immunity.
Historically, RS232 Communication protocol is an old serial communication protocol developed by EIA (Electronics Industry Alliance)/TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association)-232 in the year 1962. Modern hardware designs use innovative serial communication protocols like USB, Ethernet, and Wi-Fi.
The RS232 devices work on single-ended signaling (two wire). This means one wire transmits an altering voltage and another wire is connected to ground. Single-ended signals are affected by the noise induced by differences in ground voltages of the driver and receiver circuits.
The RS232 standard maintains a minimum slew rate with slow rise and fall time to reduce the cross-talk between neighbouring signals. Normally, the maximum slew rate allowed is 30V/µsec.
To make serial communication possible between DTE and DCE, two types of RS232 cables exist. They are Null modem and Straight-cable. In null modem cable, the TX (Transmitter) pin of the male connector is linked up with the RX (Receiver) pin of the female and the RX pin of the male is connected to TX pin of the female.
As the name implies, it is a one to one connector, i.e. a transmit pin of one device is connected to transmit pin of another device and receiver pin of one device is connected to receiver pin of another device. Apart from connections, the cable length depends upon the wiring capacitance.
I have read alot on these three coax cables which do you think would be best for a 50' run for 6 M and for 2 M or they all about the same?
I have read alot on these three coax cables which do you think would be best for a 50' run for 6 M and for 2 M or they all about the same?
They are identical in terms of loss but I think the Mil Spec is UV protected will last a lot longer out doors. I guess whichever is cheaper..
RG8/U technically has not been manufactured by anybody in probably 30 years. It was replaced by RG213/U back in the 70s.
I have read alot on these three coax cables which do you think would be best for a 50' run for 6 M and for 2 M or they all about the same?
When it gets to 2m and 440mhz usage - even if it is just a 50 ft run - Belden 9913Flex or LMR-400 can't be beat. About ~$1.50/ft...
Respected manufacturers such as Belden and Alpha make several versions of RG-8. Some are good, some are not so good. They make only one RG-213, because it must conform to Mil Spec M17/163-00001. You can see the difference between them in Belden's RG Coaxial and Triaxial Reference Guide. The Trade No is their part number.