what divisions appeared within the jacobins group during the course of the revolution

by Thea Bernier 3 min read

How did Jacobins shape the course of the French Revolution?

22.4.2: Politics within the Revolutionaries. Over the course of the Revolution, the original revolutionary movement known as the Jacobins split into more and less radical factions, the most important of which were the Feuillants (moderate; pro-royal), the Montagnards (radical) and the Girondins (moderate; pro-republic).

Who were the Jacobins and what did they do?

Apr 15, 2020 · The Jacobins served as the primary promoters of republicanism during the French Revolution, and they passed various reforms to promote equality and personal freedom during their brief control of France. However, they ushered in the Reign of Terror, a period of time when the Jacobins sought out and executed anyone whose political beliefs ...

Who were the Jacobins in the Legislative Assembly?

What did the Jacobin Club do in 1792?

Who were the Jacobins during the French Revolution?

A Jacobin (French pronunciation: ​[ʒakɔbɛ̃]; English: /ˈdʒækəbɪn/) was a member of the Jacobin Club, a revolutionary political movement that was the most famous political club during the French Revolution (1789–1799). The club got its name from meeting at the Dominican rue Saint-Honoré Monastery of the Jacobins.

What three political groups came out of the French Revolution?

Notably after their takeover in June 1793, The Mountain can be thought of as consisting of three rival factions that vied for control, namely the Hébertists (radical leftist Cordeliers), the Dantonists (moderate and more right-wing Cordeliers) and in between them Robespierre and his Jacobin followers (who together are ...

Who were the members of the Jacobin clubs?

Shopkeepers, artisans- shoemakers, pastry cooks, watch-makers, printers as well as servants and dailywage workers were the members of the Jacobin club.

Who are the groups involved in the French Revolution?

Over the course of the Revolution, the original revolutionary movement known as the Jacobins split into more and less radical factions, the most important of which were the Feuillants (moderate; pro-royal), the Montagnards (radical) and the Girondins (moderate; pro-republic).

What three political groups came out of the French Revolution quizlet?

France's traditional national assembly with representatives of the three estates, or classes, in French society: the clergy, nobility, and commoners. The calling of the Estates General in 1789 led to the French Revolution. Radical republicans during the French Revolution.

What did the Jacobins want in the French Revolution?

The Jacobins saw themselves as constitutionalists, dedicated to the Rights of Man and in particular, to the declaration's principle of "preservation of the natural rights of liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression" (Article II of the Declaration).

What were the achievements of Jacobin club?

Answer:Abolition of Slavery.Establishing Detectorship form of government.French Revolution by Women.Jul 5, 2019

What is Jacobin club class 9?

The Jacobin Club was formed by Maximilian Robespierre. One of the influential political clubs that formed by Maximilian Robespierre during the French revolution was the Jacobins club. They were considered to be the radical revolutionaries who planned the rise of the French revolution and the downfall of the King.

What is the role of Jacobin club in French Revolution?

The Jacobins were members of an influential political club during the French Revolution. They were radical revolutionaries who plotted the downfall of the king and the rise of the French Republic. They are often associated with a period of violence during the French Revolution called "the Terror."

What were the most important factions of the Jacobins?

Over the course of the Revolution, the original revolutionary movement known as the Jacobins split into more and less radical factions, the most important of which were the Feuillants (moderate; pro-royal), the Montagnards (radical) and the Girondins (moderate; pro-republic).

What was the result of the increasing divide within the Jacobins?

A result of the increasing divide within the Jacobins was the split between the more radical Montagnards and the Girondins. The Jacobin Club was one of several organizations that grew out of the French Revolution, distinguished by its left-wing, revolutionary politics.

How did the Feuillants come into existence?

The Feuillants came into existence when the Jacobins split between moderates, who sought to preserve the position of the king and supported the proposed plan of the National Assembly for a constitutional monarchy, and radicals (Jacobins). Labelled by their opponents as royalists, they were targeted after the fall of the monarchy.

What were the two most significant factors in the consequential split between the Montagnards and the Girondins?

The two most significant factors in the consequential split between the Montagnards and the Girondins were the September Massacres and the trial of Louis XVI, both in 1792. The terms “left” and “right” used to refer to political parties is one of the lasting legacies of the French Revolution.

What was the Jacobin Club?

The Jacobin Club was distinguished by its left-wing revolutionary politics. They were thus closely allied to the sans-culottes, a popular force of working-class Parisians that played a pivotal role in the development of the revolution.

What was the Jacobins movement?

It came into existence when the left-wing Jacobins split between moderates, who sought to preserve the position of the king and supported the proposed plan of the National Assembly for a constitutional monarchy, and radicals (Jacobins), who wished to press for a continuation of direct democratic action to overthrow Louis XVI.

How many leftists were there in the assembly?

The rightists within the assembly consisted of about 260 Feuillants, who were staunch constitutional monarchists firm in their defense of the King against the popular agitation. The leftists were about 136 Jacobins and Cordeliers. They favored the idea to spread the new ideals of liberty and equality and to put the king’s loyalty to the test.

Who were the Jacobins?

The Jacobins were formally known as the Society of the Friends of the Constitution. The club was originally founded by Breton representatives to the Estates General of 1789, but it eventually expanded beyond Brittany until there were chapter houses throughout France.

What did the Jacobins do during the French Revolution?

The Jacobins served as the primary promoters of republicanism during the French Revolution, and they passed various reforms to promote equality and personal freedom during their brief control of France. However, they ushered in the Reign of Terror, a period of time when the Jacobins sought out and executed anyone whose political beliefs differed ...

Why were the Jacobins called Jacobins?

The name Jacobin comes the fact that they met in Paris in a Dominican monastery; the monks of this order were also called Jacobins because their first house was on the Rue St. Jacques. The Society of the Friends of the Constitution did not call for the end of the monarchy, but they did manage to become a major force in the National Convention.

Who did Robespierre target?

He initially targeted supporters of the monarchy, merchants, and other dissenters, but soon even other Jacobins who disagreed only slightly with Robespierre were executed by guillotine.

Who was the leader of the Jacobins?

Eventually they staged a coup, and in 1793, the leader of the Jacobins, Maximilien Robespierre, came to dominate the new French Republic. While he initially passed a number of laws to help the common people of France, such as fixing prices to battle inflation, he soon began persecuting anyone with beliefs he deemed to be counterrevolutionary.

Did the Jacobins lose power?

However, without their organization binding them together, the Jacobins soon lost power to members of the bourgeoisie. Many Jacobin reforms were soon undone, but their strong support for liberty and equality continued to influence later political groups in the French Republic.

What was the Jacobin left wing called?

Together with the Cordeliers, the Jacobin left-wing would eventually come to be known as The Mountain while the right-wing of the Jacobins would become known as the Girondins.

What did the Girondins do?

The Girondins desired to export the Revolution to the rest of Europe and therefore urged on war with Austria and Prussia (20 April 1792). They played a central role in the fall of the monarchy (21 September 1792) and the execution of the deposed king, Louis XVI (21 January 1793). Faced by the rise of The Mountain, ...

What were the Thermidorians trying to do?

As moderate republicans, the Thermidorians tried to calm down the Revolution and closed most Jacobin clubs across France. These events triggered the right-wing royalist and anti-revolutionary First White Terror, especially aimed against Montagnards and Jacobins in the Rhône valley and southern Brittany.

When did the Cordeliers Club close?

Shortly after the execution of the Hébertists leaders by Robespierre on 24 March 1794, the Cordeliers Club was closed down. Feuillants (official the Society of the Friends of the Constitution): club of centre-right constitutional monarchists who held the majority in parliament during the Legislative Assembly era (October 1791–September 1792).

What was the National Convention in 1792?

The National Convention in 1792. The Plain. The Mountain. Girondins. Society of 1789 (also known as the Patriotic Society of 1789): club of moderate conservative constitutional monarchists founded in May 1790. They merged with the Feuillants in 1791.

What is the name of the group of parliamentarians who held middle ground views?

The Plain ( La Plaine ), also pejoratively known as The Marsh ( Le Marais) or Maraisards (Marsh-dwellers), was a container term for a large group of parliamentarians who held middle-ground views and inside the National Convention were seated on the lowest benches.

What was the name of the French army that fought in the Vendée?

Some armed themselves and formed rebel armies, especially in Western France, under the name of Catholic and Royal Army (also called Chouans, see also the Chouannerie ), the most important battleground being the War in the Vendée (1793–1796). Others fled France as émigrés, some of whom would also arm themselves and form the Armée des Émigrés ...

Origins

  • The first political clubs were formed early in the revolution and were relatively informal. As the revolution progressed, however, they became more organised and formalised. Most clubs developed their own customs, procedures and membership requirements; they acquired a regular meeting place and members attended regularly, sometimes every night. Some clubs behaved in …
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The Breton Club

  • The French Revolution’s first significant political club was the Breton Club. It began as an informal gathering of 44 Third Estate deputies at a Versailles café, before and after sessions of the Estates-General. At first, most of these deputies were from Brittany, hence the name of the club; their meetings discussed provincial issues as well as the proceedings at the Estates-General. B…
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The Jacobin Club

  • By the time the Estates-General was dissolved, the Breton club was again in the hands of deputies from Brittany. In early October 1789, following the march of Parisians on Versailles, Louis XVIand the National Constituent Assembly relocated to Paris. In the capital, Breton Club deputies began meeting in a Dominican monastery on the Rue Saint-Honoré...
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The Jacobins Evolve

  • Over the next few months, the Jacobin club evolved and expanded. It adopted a set of rules written by Antoine Barnave (February 1790) and a manifesto outlining the club’s purposes. At first, membership of the Jacobin club was restricted to deputies in the Assembly – but by the spring of 1790 dozens of individuals outside the legislature were being invited to join. Members …
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The Society of 1789

  • As the revolution progressed, new clubs emerged on the right of the political spectrum, advocating constitutional monarchy or a moderate form of republicanism. In April 1790, a group of constitutional monarchists, frustrated by growing radicalism, abandoned the Jacobins to form their own group called the Society of 1789. According to contemporary observers, the Society o…
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The Cordeliers

  • Another group to emerge during this period was the Société des Amis des droits de l’homme et du citoyen(‘Society of the Friends of the Rights of Man and Citizen’). It began as a group of representatives from the Cordeliers district, an unruly working-class area near the left bank of the River Seine. They began meeting in April 1790 and were quickly dubbed the Society of Cordel…
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The Feuillants

  • The flight to Varennes (June 1791) had a profound effect on the political clubs of Paris. Inside the Jacobin club, the king’s actions opened a rift between the Republicans and Monarchiens(constitutional monarchists). During the summer of 1791, the Monarchiensabandoned the Jacobins and established a new group called the Feuillants. They w…
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