the shoulder & knee course-what they dont teach you in school-kevin wilk may

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What to know about the shoulder

• Shoulder definition. The shoulder is a complex area of the body that is freely moveable due to the combination of structures that comprise it.
• Anatomy. ...
• Shoulder function. ...
• Bones and joints of the shoulder. ...
• Muscles of the shoulder. ...
• Conditions that affect the shoulder. ...
• Tips for shoulder health
• Summary. ...

What are the different parts of the shoulder?

The Anatomy of the Rotator Cuff

• Anatomy. Supraspinatus: The supraspinatus muscle originates above the spine of the shoulder blade and inserts on the greater tuberosity of the humerus.
• Function. ...
• Associated Conditions. ...
• Rehabilitation. ...
• A Word From Verywell. ...

What are the four muscles of the shoulder?

Shoulder Muscles

• Movements at the shoulder joint. The shoulder has a huge range of movement compared to the hip, or other joints. ...
• Subscapularis muscle. The subscapularis muscle is one of the four rotator cuff muscles. ...
• Latissimus dorsi. ...
• Infraspinatus. ...
• Teres Minor. ...
• Teres Major. ...
• Supraspinatus. ...
• Deltoid. ...
• Pectoralis Major. ...

What muscles are used in the shoulder?

• Function: Resists dislocation of the shoulder, flexion of the forearm, supination of the forearm
• Origin: Short head: coracoid process Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and superior labrum
• Insertion: Radial tuberosity of radius and forearm fascia (as bicipital aponeurosis)
• Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)

What are the 4 joints of the shoulder?

What is the shoulder?

The shoulder is made up of three bones: the scapula (shoulder blade), clavicle (collarbone) and humerus (upper arm bone). Two joints in the shoulder allow it to move: the acromioclavicular joint, where the highest point of the scapula (acromion) meets the clavicle, and the glenohumeral joint.

What are the parts of shoulder?

Your shoulder is made up of three bones: your upper arm bone (humerus), your shoulder blade (scapula), and your collarbone (clavicle). The head of your upper arm bone fits into a rounded socket in your shoulder blade. This socket is called the glenoid.

What is the shoulder area called?

Scapula: More commonly known as the shoulder blade, the scapula is a flat triangular bone located in the upper back. It connects with the collarbone at the front of the body. Humerus: The largest bone of the arm, the humerus connects to the scapula and clavicle in the shoulder.

Where is the shoulder location?

Your shoulder muscles surround the top of your arm where it connects to your body's trunk. Tendons connect your shoulder muscles to bones. These bones include your scapula (shoulder blade), humerus (bone between your shoulder and elbow) and clavicle (collarbone).

What are the 4 joints of the shoulder?

The shoulder girdle is composed of the clavicle and the scapula, which articulates with the proximal humerus of the upper limb. Four joints are present in the shoulder: the sternoclavicular (SC), acromioclavicular (AC), and scapulothoracic joints, and glenohumeral joint.

What are the 3 shoulder muscles?

The deltoid muscles have three parts, or heads:Anterior deltoids: The front delts that help move your arm forward. They connect to your clavicle. ... Lateral deltoids: Side delts that help move your arm out to the side, as well as up and down. ... Posterior deltoids: Rear delts that help move your arm backward.

What are the 5 joints of the shoulder?

Joints[edit | edit source]Glenohumeral Joint,Acromioclavicular Joint.Sternoclavicular Joint.Scapulothoracic Joint.

What is the upper arm called?

The arm proper (brachium), sometimes called the upper arm, the region between the shoulder and the elbow, is composed of the humerus with the elbow joint at its distal end.

What is the area between the neck and shoulder called?

The trapezius muscle is a large muscle bundle that extends from the back of your head and neck to your shoulder. It is composed of three parts: Upper trapezius.

Is the shoulder part of the arm?

The upper arm includes the shoulder as well as the area between the shoulder and elbow joint. The bones of the upper arm include the: Scapula. The scapula is also called the shoulder blade.

What is the reason behind shoulder pain?

The most common cause of shoulder pain occurs when rotator cuff tendons become trapped under the bony area in the shoulder. The tendons become inflamed or damaged. This condition is called rotator cuff tendinitis or bursitis.

Why is my shoulder so painful?

The most prevalent cause is rotator cuff tendinitis. This is a condition characterized by swollen tendons. Another common cause of shoulder pain is impingement syndrome where the rotator cuff gets caught between the acromium (part of the scapula that covers the ball) and humeral head (the ball portion of the humerus).

What joint connects the scapula and the humerus?

The glenohumeral joint is where the ball (humeral head) and the socket (the glenoid) meet. The rotator cuff connects the humerus to the scapula and is made up of the tendons of four muscles, the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and the subscapularis. Tendons attach muscle to bone.

What is the glenoid in the rotator cuff?

The muscles of the rotator cuff keep the humerus tightly in the socket. The socket, or the glenoid, is shallow and flat. It is rimmed with soft tissue called the labrum that makes a deeper socket that molds to fit the humeral head. The joint capsule surrounds the shoulder joint. It is a fluid filled sac that lubricates the joint.

What are the joints of the shoulder?

The shoulder is made up of two joints, the acromioclavicular joint and the glenohumeral joint . The acromiocla vicular joint is where the acromion, part of the shoulder blade (scapula) and the collar bone (clavicle) meet.

What is the capsule of the shoulder?

The joint capsule surrounds the shoulder joint. It is a fluid filled sac that lubricates the joint. It is made up of ligaments. Ligaments are soft tissue that holds bone to bone. Shoulder injuries can occur to any part of the shoulder.

What is the name of the joint that connects the clavicle to the sternum?

Sternoclavicular joint: This joint is at the center of the chest where the clavicle meets the sternum. It allows the clavicles to move. Each joint is surrounded by: tendons, to attach the muscles to the bones. The collection of muscles and tendons in the shoulder is known as the rotator cuff.

What is the collection of muscles and tendons in the shoulder called?

The collection of muscles and tendons in the shoulder is known as the rotator cuff. It stabilizes the shoulder and holds the head of the humerus in the glenoid, a shallow cavity in the scapula. The muscles of the rotator cuff include the suprasinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis.

Where is the scapula located?

Scapula: More commonly known as the shoulder blade, the scapula is a flat triangular bone located in the upper back. It connects with the collarbone at the front of the body. Humerus: The largest bone of the arm, the humerus connects to the scapula and clavicle in the shoulder. The head of the bone has a ball-like knob to create a ball-and-socket ...

Which joint forms the highest point of the shoulder and provides the ability to raise the arm above the head?

It is surrounded by soft tissue and strengthened by fibrous ligaments. Acromioclavicular (AC) joint: This joint forms the highest point of the shoulder and provides the ability to raise the arm above the head. The meeting of the scapula and clavicle forms it.

What is the joint that provides the widest range of motion?

Shoulder . The shoulder is a complex combination of bones and joints where many muscles act to provide the widest range of motion of any part of the body. Numerous muscles help stabilize the three joints of the shoulder while giving it motion.

Which bones are 90 degrees?

At the shoulder, three major bones meet and create a 90-degree angle: Clavicle: Also known as the collarbone, the clavicle extends across the front of the shoulder from the sternum to the scapula. It helps stabilize the shoulder’s movements. Scapula: More commonly known as the shoulder blade, the scapula is a flat triangular bone located in ...

What is the purpose of labrum in shoulder?

The socket of the shoulder joint is shallow, and the labrum gives the socket more depth, and thus more stability. The labrum also serves as the attachment of a major tendon in the shoulder, the biceps tendon. Labral tears in the shoulder can cause pain, instability of the joint, or both. Labral tears are usually classified based on their location.

What is the scapula called?

Shoulder blade ( scapula) Collarbone (clavicle) The scapula has one part that forms a socket for the ball-and-socket shoulder joint; this is called the glenoid. The glenoid is covered with smooth cartilage. Where the rounded top of the arm bone (humerus) contacts the shoulder blade is called the glenohumeral joint.

Why is the rotator cuff important?

The rotator cuff muscles are important in movements of the ball-and-socket shoulder joint. The rotator cuff is important in many routine activities, and when injured can cause severe pain. When the rotator cuff is inflamed or irritated, this is referred to as rotator cuff tendonitis or shoulder bursitis.

What is the joint between the shoulder blade and the arm bone called?

Where the rounded top of the arm bone (humerus) contacts the shoulder blade is called the glenohumeral joint . A second joint on the top of the shoulder is where a different part of the shoulder blade, the acromion, connects to the collarbone. This is called the acromioclavicular joint.

What is a labral tear?

Labral tears in the shoulder can cause pain, instability of the joint, or both. Labral tears are usually classified based on their location. The most common labral tears are those associated with a shoulder dislocation, called a Bankart tear, and those associated with biceps tendon problems, called SLAP tears .

What is the joint between the chest and the upper extremity?

The shoulder joint is the junction between the chest and the upper extremity. Two joints are at the shoulder. The glenohumeral joint is the ball-and-socket junction of the top of the arm bone, and the socket of the shoulder blade. A second joint in the shoulder is the junction of the collar bone with the shoulder blade, ...

What is it called when your shoulder capsule is too tight?

When the shoulder capsule is too tight, the condition is called a frozen shoulder (adhesvie capsulitis). 1 . Adhesive Capsulitis or Stiffness and Pain of the Shoulder Joint.

What are the bones that support the shoulder?

The shoulder consists of a ball-and-socket joint formed by the humerus and scapula and their surrounding structures - ligaments, muscles, tendons - which support the bones and maintain the relationship of one to another. These supporting structures attach to the clavicle, humerus, and scapula, the latter providing the glenoid cavity, acromion and coracoid processes. The main joint of the shoulder is the shoulder joint (or glenohumeral joint), between the humerus and the glenoid process of the scapular. The acromioclavicular joint and sternoclavicular joint also play a role in shoulder movements. White hyaline cartilage on the ends of the bones (called articular cartilage) allows the bones to glide and move on each other, and the joint space is surrounded by a synovial membrane. Around the joint space are muscles - the rotator cuff, which directly surrounds and attaches to the shoulder joint - and other muscles that help provide stability and facilitate movement.

What is the joint capsule?

The joint capsule is a soft tissue envelope that encircles the glenohumeral joint and attaches to the scapula, humerus, and head of the biceps. It is lined by a thin, smooth synovial membrane. The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles that surround the shoulder joint and contribute to the shoulder's stability.

What is the glenoid labrum?

The glenoid labrum is the second kind of cartilage in the shoulder which is distinctly different from the articular cartilage. This cartilage is more fibrous or rigid than the cartilage on the ends of the ball and socket.

What are the bones of the elbow?

The human elbow is made up of three bones: the clavicle (collarbone), the scapula (shoulder blade), and the humerus (upper arm bone) as well as associated muscles, ligaments and tendons. The articulations between the bones of the shoulder make up the elbow joints. The shoulder joint, also known as the glenohumeral joint, ...

What are the supporting structures of the shoulder?

These supporting structures attach to the clavicle, humerus, and scapula, the latter providing the glenoid cavity, acromion and coracoid processes. The main joint of the shoulder is the shoulder joint (or glenohumeral joint), between the humerus and the glenoid process of the scapular.

Which part of the deltoid is a contraction?

Contraction of each part of the deltoid assists in different movements of the shoulder - flexion (clavicular part), abduction (middle part) and extension (scapular part). The teres major attaches to the outer part of the back of the scapula, beneath the teres minor, and attaches to the upper part of the humerus.

Why is the shoulder so unstable?

The shoulder is the most movable joint in the body. However, it is an unstable joint because of the range of motion allowed. This instability increases the likelihood of joint injury, which often leads to a degenerative process in which tissues break down and no longer function well.

What is the function of the tendons in the rotator cuff?

Tendons are durable cords of tissue that attach muscles to the bones, and ligaments attach bones to each other for stability. Holding the upper arm (humerus) to the socket of the shoulder (glenoid fossa) is the job of the rotator cuff, which is made up of four muscles and their tendons.

What is the purpose of the shoulder blade?

Its purpose is to stabilize the humerus, which lies on the outer edge of the shoulder blade. The upper arm bone, or humerus. This is the bone of the upper arm.

What is the first step in treating shoulder pain?

An orthopaedic evaluation of your shoulder by a doctor is the first step in treating your joint pain. Based on this diagnosis, you may be recommended: Medication. Physical therapy. Shoulder joint fluid supplements (injections for temporary pain relief) Total shoulder joint replacement surgery.

How many people have hip replacement surgery?

According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), more than 700,000 Americans undergo a total knee or hip replacement surgery each year whereas about 23,000 undergo a shoulder replacement surgery.

What joint is the glenohumeral joint?

The glenohumeral joint is also known as the shoulder joint. It’s a ball-and-socket formation that connects the upper arm to the scapula or shoulder blade. It allows free movement of the arm with unrestricted range of motion. Two lesser-known joints also meet at the shoulder, and are less likely to be injured:

What does it mean when your shoulder is stiff?

Here are some things to look out for: Your shoulder feels stiff and you cannot achieve full range of motion. You are unable to perform usual daily activities. Your shoulder feels as if it’s out of place, such as a “popping” or “sliding” feeling in your upper arm.

How many parts of shoulder replacement are there?

The artificial shoulder joint can have either two or three parts depending on the type of surgery required. This will differ from patient to patient.

Overview

Your shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint that allows you to perform a wide range of movements. You use these muscles for actions from throwing a ball to reaching an item on a shelf. Also called the glenohumeral joint, it has more range of motion than any other joint in your body.

Anatomy

Your shoulder muscles surround the top of your arm where it connects to your body’s trunk. Tendons connect your shoulder muscles to bones. These bones include your scapula (shoulder blade), humerus (bone between your shoulder and elbow) and clavicle (collarbone).

Conditions and Disorders

The shoulder joint is extremely flexible, so the muscles and other soft tissues around it undergo a lot of wear and tear. This makes the shoulder muscles susceptible to injuries and degenerative conditions, including:

How to treat rotator cuff pain?

Rotator cuff problems can be treated at home also. If you have had shoulder pain before, use ice and ibuprofen after exercising. Learn exercises to stretch and strengthen your rotator cuff tendons and shoulder muscles.

Why does my shoulder hurt?

The most common cause of shoulder pain occurs when rotator cuff tendons become trapped under the bony area in the shoulder. The tendons become inflamed or damaged. This condition is called rotator cuff tendinitis or bursitis. Shoulder pain may also be caused by: Arthritis in the shoulder joint. Bone spurs in the shoulder area.

How to heal rotator cuff tendonitis?

A doctor or physical therapist can recommend such exercises. If you are recovering from tendinitis, continue to do range-of-motion exercises to avoid frozen shoulder.

What is frozen shoulder?

Shoulder separation. Frozen shoulder, which occurs when the muscles, tendons, and ligaments inside the shoulder become stiff, making movement difficult and painful. Overuse or injury of nearby tendons, such as the bicep muscles of the arms. Tears of the rotator cuff tendons.

What tests are needed to diagnose shoulder pain?

Blood or imaging tests, such as x-rays or MRI, may be ordered to help diagnose the problem. Your provider may recommend treatment for shoulder pain, including: If you have a rotator cuff problem, your provider will likely suggest self-care measures and exercises.

How to get shoulder pain to go away?

Here are some tips for helping shoulder pain get better: Put ice on the shoulder area for 15 minutes, then leave it off for 15 minutes. Do this 3 to 4 times a day for 2 to 3 days. Wrap the ice in cloth. Do not put ice directly on the skin because this can result in frostbite. Rest your shoulder for the next few days.

What is shoulder pain?

Definition. Shoulder pain is any pain in or around the shoulder joint.

What is aftercare in rehab?

Completing a drug or alcohol rehab program shouldn't spell the end of substance abuse treatment. Aftercare involves making a sustainable plan for recovery, including ongoing support. This can include sober living arrangements like halfway houses, career counseling, and setting a patient up with community programs like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) or Narcotics Anonymous (NA).

What is residential treatment?

Residential treatment programs are those that offer housing and meals in addition to substance abuse treatment. Rehab facilities that offer residential treatment allow patients to focus solely on recovery, in an environment totally separate from their lives. Some rehab centers specialize in short-term residential treatment (a few days to a week or two), while others solely provide treatment on a long-term basis (several weeks to months). Some offer both, and tailor treatment to the patient's individual requirements.

What is the shoulder?

The Shoulder believes that each and every one of us is a child of God deserving of hope, care and dignity. The facility is a Christian, non-profit treatment center offering support, education and treatment programs to those struggling with addiction. Addiction is a disease that while not curable, is treatable and manageable. Services are certified by the Alabama Department of Mental Health. The Shoulder offers a unique approach of quality, evidence-based therapy by Masters level counselors and encourage spiritual awakening alongside treatment plans. The shoulders has residential services for adult men. Any IV drug user or individuals who are HIV positive are given first availability on the waiting list.

What is an OP program?

Outpatient Programs (OP) are for those seeking mental rehab or drug rehab, but who also stay at home every night. The main difference between outpatient treatment (OP) and intensive outpatient treatment (IOP) lies in the amount of hours the patient spends at the facility.

What is individual therapy?

Individual Therapy: In individual therapy, a patient meets one-on-one with a trained psychologist or counselor. Therapy is a pivotal part of effective substance abuse treatment, as it often covers root causes of addiction, including challenges faced by the patient in their social, family, and work/school life.

What is intimate partnership?

Whether a marriage or other committed relationship, an intimate partnership is one of the most important aspects of a person's life. Drug and alcohol addiction affects both members of a couple in deep and meaningful ways, as does rehab and recovery.

What is the goal of alcoholism treatment?

The goal of treatment for alcoholism is abstinence . Those with poor social support, poor motivation, or psychiatric disorders tend to relapse within a few years of treatment. For these people, success is measured by longer periods of abstinence , reduced use of alcohol, better health, and improved social functioning.