the nuclear membrane of the cell disintegrates during which phase of the cell cycle course hero

Full Answer

How are chromosomes held in the metaphase plate?

Chromosomes are held at the metaphase plate by the equal forces of the polar fibers pushing on the centromeres of the chromosomes.

What is the phase of the cell cycle where chromosomes are evenly divided between two cells?

Mitosis is the phase of the cell cycle where chromosomes in the nucleus are evenly divided between two cells. When the cell division process is complete, two daughter cells with identical genetic material are produced.

How do chromosomes move?

Chromosomes move randomly until they attach (at their kinetochores) to polar fibers from both sides of their centromeres.

When do diploid cells begin to form?

It begins prior to the end of mitosis in anaphase and completes shortly after telophase/mitosis. At the end of cytokinesis, two genetically identical daughter cells are produced. These are diploid cells, with each cell containing a full complement of chromosomes.

What happens during prophase?

In prophase, the chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes. The nuclear envelope breaks down and spindles form at opposite poles of the cell. Prophase (versus interphase) is the first true step of the mitotic process. During prophase, a number of important changes occur:

What is the S phase in biology?

S phase: The period during which DNA is synthesized. In most cells, there is a narrow window of time during which DNA is synthesized. The S stands for synthesis.

Why do centrioles move away from each other?

The two pairs of centrioles (formed from the replication of one pair in Interphase) move away from one another toward opposite ends of the cell due to the lengthening of the ​microtubules that form between them.

How long does the cell cycle take?

A typical human cell might take about 24 hours to divide, but fast-cycling mammalian cells, like the ones that line the intestine, can complete a cycle every 9-10 hours when they're grown in culture.

What does the prefix "inter" mean?

The prefix inter - means between, reflecting that interphase takes place between one mitotic (M) phase and the next. Image of the cell cycle. Interphase is composed of G1 phase (cell growth), followed by S phase (DNA synthesis), followed by G2 phase (cell growth). At the end of interphase comes the mitotic phase, ...

How many stages of mitosis are there?

Mitosis takes place in four stages: prophase (sometimes divided into early prophase and prometaphase), metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. You can learn more about these stages in the video on mitosis. In cytokinesis, the cytoplasm of the cell is split in two, making two new cells.

How many steps does mitosis go through?

The cell goes through 4 steps (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.) The cells at the end of the process also have the same amount of chromosomes as the parent cell. At the end, 2 cells are produced. Mitosis is used to make body cells, and occurs in the body.

How do different types of cells split their time?

Different types of cells also split their time between cell cycle phases in different ways. In early frog embryos, for example, cells spend almost no time in G and G and instead rapidly cycle between S and M phases—resulting in the division of one big cell, the zygote, into many smaller cells.

Where does cytokinesis take place?

Importantly, cytokinesis takes place differently in animal and plant cells. Cytokinesis in animal and plant cells. In an animal cell, a contractile ring of cytoskeletal fibers forms at the middle of the cell and contracts inward, producing an indentation called the cleavage furrow. Eventually, the contractile ring pinches the mother cell in two, ...

What is the name of the structure that separates DNA in the cell during the S phase?

S phase. In S phase, the cell synthesizes a complete copy of the DNA in its nucleus. It also duplicates a microtubule-organizing structure called the centrosome. The centrosomes help separate DNA during M phase.