Pneumonia can affect anyone at any age, but the two age groups at the highest risk both for contracting it and for having more severe cases are children under age 2 and adults over age 65.
Most often, shock is a result of cardiovascular problems and changes. Patients in acute care settings are at higher risk, but shock can occur in any setting. For example, older patients in long-term care settings are at risk for sepsis and shock related to urinary tract infections.
1 Evaluate patient risk for hypovolemic shock or sepsis and septic shock. 2 Ensure vital sign measurements are accurate, and monitor them for changes indicating the presence of shock. 3 Apply principles of infection control to prevent infection and sepsis in susceptible patients, especially older adults.
Patients in acute care settings are at higher risk, but shock can occur in any setting. For example, older patients in long-term care settings are at risk for sepsis and shock related to urinary tract infections.
Conclusions: Septic shock is a frequent complication of pneumococcal pneumonia and causes high morbidity and mortality. Current tobacco smoking, chronic corticosteroid treatment and infection caused by serotype 3 are independent risk factors for this complication.
In summary, septic shock is a frequent complication of pneumococcal pneumonia and causes high morbidity and mortality.
Lung diseases, such as asthma, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, or COPD, also increase your pneumonia risk. Other serious conditions, such as malnutrition, diabetes, heart failure, sickle cell disease, or liver or kidney disease, are additional risk factors.
Epidemiology of respiratory viral sepsis. Pneumonia was found to be the most common cause of sepsis and septic shock [14, 29]. A recent retrospective cohort study that included hospitalised patients diagnosed as viral CAP without bacterial co-infection showed viral sepsis was present in 61% of these patients [30].
Shock may result from trauma, heatstroke, blood loss, an allergic reaction, severe infection, poisoning, severe burns or other causes. When a person is in shock, his or her organs aren't getting enough blood or oxygen. If untreated, this can lead to permanent organ damage or even death.
There are mainly four broad categories of shock: distributive, hypovolemic, cardiogenic, and obstructive. [1] The wide range of etiologies can contribute to each of these categories and are manifested by the final outcome of shock.
Age, smoking, environmental exposures, malnutrition, previous CAP, chronic bronchitis/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, functional impairment, poor dental health, immunosuppressive therapy, oral steroids, and treatment with gastric acid-suppressive drugs were definitive risk factors for CAP.
The signs and symptoms of pneumonia may include:Cough, which may produce greenish, yellow or even bloody mucus.Fever, sweating and shaking chills.Shortness of breath.Rapid, shallow breathing.Sharp or stabbing chest pain that gets worse when you breathe deeply or cough.Loss of appetite, low energy, and fatigue.More items...
Common Causes of Pneumonia In the United States, common causes of viral pneumonia are influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19). A common cause of bacterial pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus).
At one time, sepsis was thought to arise from an overgrowth of bacteria or other germs in the bloodstream. We now know that sepsis actually springs from 2 factors: first an infection (such as pneumonia or a urinary tract infection) and then a powerful and harmful response by your body's own immune system.
While any type of infection — bacterial, viral or fungal — can lead to sepsis, infections that more commonly result in sepsis include infections of: Lungs, such as pneumonia.
Septic shock is a life-threatening condition that happens when your blood pressure drops to a dangerously low level after an infection. Any type of bacteria can cause the infection. Fungi such as candida and viruses can also be a cause, although this is rare. At first the infection can lead to a reaction called sepsis.