Sep 05, 2018 · Human Factors • Work-arounds • ID bands, overrides • Assuming the computer is right • Data entry errors • Fatigue or short -staffing Clinical Decision Support • Clinical guidelines • Evidenced based practice • Computerized physician order entry • Alerts for allergies or adverse effects • Improved regulatory compliance
Apr 13, 2019 · View C791 PowerPoint.pptx from NURSING MS C791 at Western Governors University. Advanced Information Management and the Application of Technology Tracy Berman Western Governors University Health
One can apply Human factors knowledge to wherever humans work. In health care, human factors knowledge can help design processes that make it easier for doctors and nurses to do the job right. Human factors applications are highly relevant to patient safety because embedded in the discipline of human factors engineering are the basic sciences of safety.
factors helped to find out the Health Information System factors. Finally, the effective human factors on Health Information System have been identified and the structure of Healthcare industry has been studied. Moreover, these factors are categorized in three new groups: Organizational Factors, Motivational Factors and Learning. This ...
These factors are included culture, policies and workload.
It is essential to recognize the diverse kinds of human errors and inform users of the potential risks and implement strategies to avoid them so as to hinder such human errors from happening in information security contexts. A variety of models and concepts have been created for understanding and describing various kinds and stages of human error within the field of human factors. To examine the causes of accidents, these models and concepts have been positively employed in a variety of industries.
Cooperation among diverse entities towards fulfilling a shared goal is what defines a system. A system where people and technology, having their own constituents and associated activities, communicate for the same reason is called an Information Technology system. Systems fail to operate, as usually anticipated similarly to Information Technology systems. It is not just the machine segment of the system that must operate adequately but the user as well; when a user flops, it gives rise to human error. One of the fundamental explanations for system failure is actually human error. This is a consequence of attempting to shrink the human nature into a simplified model. Getting rid of elements, which at first might not seem of significance; but the dearth of them could result in catastrophe, is involved in the process of simplifying a model to make it simpler to use. Information Technology is such a case; systems which are man-made, are diminished models of a fact that we want to embody and abide by the flawed patterns of their creators, us. The very same commands that we prescribe limits our analog nature in a digital world of binary digits. Hence, as there are nearly limitless probabilities for something unforeseen to happen, an error is something that we should expect (Rupere et al., 2012).
Hardware, software and data make up the technological portion of an Information Technology system. These constituents may be targeted directly or not; the human part of the system is not abused when attacked directly; rather, when these constituents are attacked indirectly it indicates that the human part of the system is abused also. Figure 1 shows constituent communications.
system condition that could permit an intrusion is called system vulnerability. A successful effort to infiltrate a system by means of abusing a current vulnerability is an intrusion. A vulnerable constituent will not necessarily cause an intrusion; however, vulnerabilities should be prevented from being abused by a responsible system management. An attacker initially attempts to locate the weakest point of a system; while strong looking defenses might also be vulnerable, the weakest point of a system delivers a greater attack achievement degree and hence it is on average the first to be aimed at (Pfleeger, 2003).
In Reason (1990) assumes that based upon an individual‘s degree of performance, human errors may be separated into classifications of behavior. The errors could be differentiated by both psychological and situational variables.
In complex and dynamic environments, human decision making is highly dependent on situation awareness (SA) — a constantly evolving picture of the state of the environment. SA is formally defined as a person‘s ―perception of the elements in the environment within a volume of time and space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their status in the near future (Endsley, 1988).
Aviation maintenance human factors programs focus on the people who perform the work and address physical, physiological, psychological, and psychosocial factors. [Figure 14-11] It must focus on individuals, their physical capabilities, and the factors that affect them. It also should consider their mental state, cognitive capacity, and conditions that may affect their interaction with others. In most cases, human factors programs are designed around the people in the company’s existing workforce. You cannot apply identical strength, size, endurance, experience, motivation, and certification standards equally to all employees. The company must match the physical characteristics of each person to the tasks each performs.
The Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) is the only organization in the United States dedicated specifically to the human factors profession. The HFES was formed in 1957 and typically maintains about 5,000 members. For more information, visit their website at www.hfes.org.
Clinical psychology includes the study and application of psychology for the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically-based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development. It focuses on the mental well-being of the individual. Clinical psychology can help individuals deal with stress, coping mechanisms for adverse situations, poor self image, and accepting criticism from coworkers.
Experimental psychology includes the study of a variety of basic behavioral processes, often in a laboratory environment. These processes may include learning, sensation, perception, human performance, motivation, memory, language, thinking, and communication, as well as the physiological processes underlying behaviors, such as eating, reading, and problem solving. In an effort to test the efficiency of work policies and procedures, experimental studies help measure performance, productivity, and deficiencies.
Anthropometry is the study of the dimensions and abilities of the human body. This is essential to aviation maintenance due to the environment and spaces that AMTs have to work with.
Industrial engineering is the organized approach to the study of work. It is important for supervisors to set reasonable work standards that can be met and exceeded. Unrealistic work standards create unnecessary stressors that cause mistakes. It is also beneficial to have an efficient facility layout so that there is room to work. Clean and uncluttered environments enhance work performance. Another aspect of industrial engineering that helps in the understanding of human factors is the statistical analysis of work performance. Concrete data of work performance, whether good or bad, can show the contributing factors that may have been present when the work was done.
Human error is defined as a human action with unintendedconsequences. There is nothing inherently wrong or Figure 14-15. Safety awareness will help foresee and mitigate the troublesome with error itself, but when you couple error with risk of human error.
A Human Factors (or Ergonomics) approach focuses on how to make the best use of these capabilities: by designing jobs and equipment which are fit for people. This not only improves their health and safety but often ensures a better managed, more effective organisation.
Managing human failures is essential to prevent major accidents, occupational accidents and ill health, all of which can cost businesses money, reputation and potentially their continued existence. Successful businesses achieve high productivity and quality while ensuring health and safety.
Reducing error and influencing behaviour (HSG48) is the key document in understanding HSE's approach to human factors. It gives a simple introduction to generic industry guidance on human factors, which it defines as: "Human factors refer to environmental, organisational and job factors, and human and individual characteristics, ...
Human Factors, often referred to as ergonomics, is an established scientific discipline used in many other safety critical industries. Human Factors approaches underpin current patient safety and quality improvement science, offering an integrated, evidenced and coherent approach to patient safety, quality improvement and clinical excellence.
NHS England is harnessing Professor Don Berwick's call4 for the NHS to nurture and embrace a culture of learning and continual improvement by supporting a nationwide programme of safety improvement collaboratives. These collaborative groups will be supported nationally to harness improvement science and other techniques to deliver locally owned and led programmes that deliver safer care. Existing examples already successfully utilise Human Factors approaches and NHS England will ensure the use of Human Factors science is applied, where appropriate, through the safety collaborative programme.
The National Quality Board – which brings together different national organisations with responsibility for quality in the NHS, alongside patient representatives and experts - will provide leadership and oversight for embedding Human Factors principles and practices, bringing together all levels of the system to support:
Fumes. By its nature,the maintenance of aircraft involves working with a variety of fluids and chemical substances. For instance, technicians may come across various lubricants (oils and greases), hydraulic fluids, paints, cleaning compounds and, solder. They will also be exposed to aircraft fuel and exhaust.
This type of stress can be reduced by careful management, good training, etc. Within the organization, the social and managerial aspects of work can be stressful. It is important to know the impact on the individual of peer pressure, organizational culture and management, all of which can be stressors.
The aircraft maintenance technician can expect to work in a variety of different environments, from "line"(generally outside the hangar) to "base"(usually inside a hangar or workshop ), in all types of weather and climatic conditions, day and night.
The overall principle of progressive relaxation is that each of the main muscle groups in the body is first tensed, then held taut, and then relaxed in turn, until the whole body is relaxed. The idea is that before you can relax your body, you must learn how your muscles feel when they are tight and tense.
Human Performance as Part of the Maintenance Engineering System. Just as mechanical components used in aircraft maintenance engineering have limitations, technicians themselves have capabilities and limitations that must be considered when looking at the maintenance engineering "system.".