The people in Pena Blanca and in other countries, cities, and states don't always have enough money to get the nutrition they need that's essential. Most of the time people have rice and beans 3 meals a day which doesn't give them he nutrition that they need to keep going throughout the day.
In Pena Blanca finding a job is hard. It's hard for a lot of people to find jobs because 40% of the population doesn't speak spanish where 60% does. How can such a big portion of Pena Blanca are not able to find jobs? Which means that there can be more people around the world who aren't able to find jobs.
There are big challenges that the people of Pena Blanca and the 1.1 billion people worldwide that live off of a $1 a day face. There are effects that dramatically cause problems such as unclean water, people not getting the nutrition they need, and having a hard time finding a job.
A long term benefit to finding a solution to make unclean water clean is the water would be fresher for the people in Pena Blanca and the kids would be able to focus more in school and in their work at home. Also, the people wouldn't have to go to the so much which cost so much.
Based on the housing stock, population density, and the proximity of amenities of the area.
Based on employment rates, job and business growth, and cost of living.