Sep 10, 2018 · Explain why rainfall varies throughout the United States. Explain how the urban hydrologic cycle is different from the natural hydrologic cycle. If 2 inches of rain falls during an 8-hour storm, what is the average rainfall intensity in inch/hour? Explain the concept of …
View Unit II Assessment.docx from BEM 4351 at Columbia Southern University. QUESTION 1 Write an essay consisting of at least 500 words addressing ALL …
Key Finding 2. Heavy precipitation events in most parts of the United States have increased in both intensity and frequency since 1901 (high confidence).There are important regional differences in trends, with the largest increases occurring in the northeastern United States (high confidence).In particular, mesoscale convective systems (organized clusters of …
A particular country has 5555 total states. If the areas of allof all 5555 states are added and the sum is divided by 5555 , the result is 212 comma 072212,072 square kilometers. Determine whether this result is a statistic or a parameter. Choose the correct answer below. A.
In the United States, projected changes in seasonal mean precipitation span the range from profound decreases to profound increases. In many regions and seasons, projected changes in precipitation are not large compared to natural variations.
Changes in precipitation are one of the most important potential outcomes of a warming world because precipitation is integral to the very nature of society and ecosystems. These systems have developed and adapted to the past envelope of precipitation variations.
Spring and summer have comparable increases (about 3.5%) but substantially different patterns. In spring, the northern half of the contiguous United States has become wetter, and the southern half has become drier. In summer, there is a mixture of increases and decreases across the Nation.
The Third National Climate Assessment#N#54#N#projected reductions in annual snowpack of up to 40% in the western United States based on the SRES A2 emissions scenario in the CMIP3 suite of climate model projections. Recent research using the CMIP5 suite of climate model projections forced with a higher scenario (RCP8.5) and statistically downscaled for the western United States continues to show the expected declines in various snow metrics, including snow water equivalent, the number of extreme snowfall events, and number of snowfall days.#N#55#N#A northward shift in the rain–snow transition zone in the central and eastern United States was found using statistically downscaled CMIP5 simulations forced with RCP8.5. By the end of the 21st century, large areas that are currently snow dominated in the cold season are expected to be rainfall dominated.#N#56
Lake effect snows along the Great Lakes are affected greatly by ice cover extent and lake water temperatures. As ice cover diminishes in winter, the expectation is for more lake effect snow until temperatures increase enough such that much of what now falls as snow instead falls as rain.
Inferential statistics uses methods that generalize results obtained from a sample to the population and measure the reliability of the results. Statistic. Is a numerical summary of a sample, which is a subset of the population that is being studied.
Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, summarizing, and analyzing information to draw a conclusion and answer questions. In addition, statistics is about providing a measure of confidence in any conclusions. Parameter. Is a numerical summary of population, which is an entire group to be studied.
A lurking variable is an explanatory variable that was not considered in a study, but is also affected by the casual relationship of the explanatory variables in the study. In addition, lurking variables are typically related to explanatory variables in the study.
A discrete variable is a quantitative variable that has either a finite number of possible values or a countable number of possible values. The term "countable" means that the values result from counting, such as 0, 1, 2, 3, and so on. Continuous.
Worldwide, scientists observe weather conditions at thousands of stations every day of the year. Some observations are made hourly, others just once a day. Over time, these observations allow us to define what’s normal at each location.
Weather is what you experience when you step outside on any given day. In other words, it is the state of the atmosphere at a particular location over the short-term. Climate is the average of the weather patterns in a location over a longer period of time, usually 30 years or more.
NOAA’s National Weather Service is the nation’s lead forecasting agency, its first line of defense to ensure Americans can take steps to protect life and property.
A storm darkens the sky at the mouth of the Russian River, north of Bodega Bay, Calif. Weather can change from minute-to-minute, hour-to-hour, day-to-day, and season-to-season. Climate, is the average of weather over time and space. (NOAA) Download Image.
In many locations around the United States, weather and climate records have been kept for more than 140 years. NOAA is involved in a long-term effort to collect, quality control, and organize data to make it available to the public online. These long-term records enable scientists to detect climate patterns and trends.
Over time, these observations allow us to define what’s normal at each location. Scientists calculate averages of daily weather conditions, such as average temperature, precipitation, humidity, and wind speed, to describe climate. Drought is a normal feature of our climate and can happen nearly everywhere.
Weather can change quickly, from one moment to the next and over short distances. It can be raining one minute, and snowing the next. It can be pouring on one side of town and sunny on the other.
Annual rainfall exceeds 150 centimeters (59 inches), and the temperature varies more during a day than it does over a year. The coolest temperatures, about 20° to 23° Celsius (68°-73° Fahrenheit), occurs just before dawn. Afternoon temperatures usually reach 30° to 33° Celsius (86°-91° Fahrenheit).
Most arid climates receive 10 to 30 centimeters (four to 12 inches) of rain each year, and semiarid climates receive enough to support extensive grasslands. Temperatures in both arid and semiarid climates show large daily and seasonal variations. The hottest spots in the world are in arid climates.
Select Text Level: Climate is the long-term pattern of weather in a particular area. Weather can change from hour-to-hour, day-to-day, month-to-month or even year-to-year. A region ’s weather patterns, usually tracked for at least 30 years, are considered its climate.
Topography. Topography and vegetation influence climate by helping determine how the Sun’s energy is used on Earth. The abundance of plants and the type of land cover (such as soil, sand, or asphalt) impacts evaporation and ambient temperature.
In 1948, American climatologist Charles Thornthwaite developed a climate classification system that scientists still use today. Thornthwaite’s system relies on a region’s water budget and potential evapotranspiration. Potential evapotranspiration describes the amount of water evaporated from a vegetated piece of land.
Climate System. Different parts of the world have different climates. Some parts of the world are hot and rainy nearly every day. They have a tropical wet climate. Others are cold and snow-covered most of the year.
A climate system has five major components: the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, the land surface, and the biosphere.
What exactly is weather? More specifically, weather is the mix of events that happen each day in our atmosphere. Even though there’s only one atmosphere on Earth, the weather isn’t the same all around the world. Weather is different in different parts of the world and changes over minutes, hours, days, and weeks.
While the weather can change in just a few minutes or hours , climate changes over longer time frames While the weather can change in just a few minutes or hours, climate changes over longer time frames. Climate events, like El Niño, happen over several years, with larger fluctuations happening over decades.
And, there are many different factors that can change the atmosphere in a certain area like air pressure, temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction, and lots of other things. Together, they determine what the weather is like at a given time and location.
Here’s one way to visualize it. Weather tells you what to wear each day. Climate tells you what types of clothes to have in your closet.
Global climate is a description of the climate of a planet as a whole, with all the regional differences averaged. (link is external) . Overall, global climate depends on the amount of energy received by the sun and the amount of energy that is trapped in the system. And, these amounts are different for different planets.
Today, climates are changing. Our Earth is warming more quickly than it has in the past according to the research of scientists. Hot summer days may be quite typical of climates in many regions of the world, but warming is causing Earth's average global temperature to increase.
Climate is what you expect, weather is what you get. Though they are closely related, weather and climate aren’t the same thing. Climate is what you expect. Weather is what actually happens Take a moment and think about the weather today where you are.
Rain shadows are created when prevailing winds carrying moisture rise quickly in elevation up a mountainside, where the air cools and condenses to precipitate out its moisture in the form of rain or snow. By the time the air mass hits the top of the mountain, its moisture is much reduced.
The humid tropical type A climate, usually found in the tropics, has warm temperatures year round with a high level of precipitation, typically in the form of rain. Type A climates have various subgroups that indicate how variably the rainfall is distributed throughout the year.
Climate plays an important role in where humans live because precipitation is necessary for growing crops, raising livestock, and supplying fresh water to urban communities.
Climate can be defined as a long-term average weather pattern evident in a particular region of the world. Weather is a term usually used to define conditions on a short-term or even daily basis. The two main elements in climate conditions are temperature and precipitation.
For the purposes of this overview of world geography, the various climate types have been broken down into six basic types—A, B, C, D, E, and H—after the Köppen-Geiger classification system. Type H climates are actually a subset of the type E climate category. Type A: Tropical or equatorial climates.
Developing regions of the world in Latin America, Africa, and parts of Asia are experiencing serious problems with deforestation. Deforestation is widespread: Residents of Haiti have cut down about 99 percent of the country’s forests; most of the wood has been used as fuel to cook food.
There are no large cities or human communities in Antarctica because it is so cold; most of the sunlight filtering down to Antarctica is reflected off the earth at that latitude because of the tilt of the earth’s axis and the resulting angle of incoming solar radiation.