Drug trafficking has the following dangers:Bad image for the nation.Imprisonment.Death penalty.Adverse effect on the economy.Affects national security.It brings shame.Anybody caught will forfeit his assets.
Estimated opium production in 2021 was 6,800 (6,200 - 7,400 tons) or 8 per cent more than in 2020, meaning production has exceeded 6,000 tons for an unprecedented fifth consecutive year. This amount of opium could be converted into some 270 - 320 tons of pure heroin or some 390 to 650 tons of heroin of export quality.
The drug types most often involved in these offenses were powder cocaine, methamphetamine, and marijuana. In fiscal year 2013, most offenders convicted of drug trafficking were male (85.8%).
The term narco-terrorism was first used to describe campaigns by drug traffickers using terrorist methods, such as the use of car bombs, assassinations and kidnappings, against anti-narcotics police in Colombia and Peru [2].
Afghanistan is endowed with a wealth of natural resources, including extensive deposits of natural gas, petroleum, coal, marble, gold, copper, chromite, talc, barites, sulfur, lead, zinc, iron ore, salt, precious and semi-precious stones, and many rare earth elements.
Which of the following is used by a greater number of people—heroin versus all of the other narcotics added together? opiates. Currently, the drug that causes the greatest number of deaths by overdose, in absolute numbers, is: narrow.
Drug trafficking is a global illicit trade involving the cultivation, manufacture, distribution and sale of substances which are subject to drug prohibition laws. UNODC is continuously monitoring and researching global illicit drug markets in order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of their dynamics.
Globalization has done so by increasing the efficiency of the distribution of drugs, by reducing the risk premium involved in dealing with drugs, and by increasing the degree of competition in the drug markets.
Drug Use and Sex Trafficking Commonly used drugs with sex trafficking victims include tobacco, alcohol, hallucinogens, cocaine, heroin, sedatives, and marijuana (Kara, 2009; McGaha, 2011; Raymond & Hughes, 2001; Williams et al., 2010).
Cyberterrorism is the convergence of cyberspace and terrorism. It refers to unlawful attacks and threats of attacks against computers, networks and the information stored therein when done to intimidate or coerce a government or its people in furtherance of political or social objectives.
Indeeed drug trafficking has provided funding for insurgency and those who use terrorist violence in various regions throughout the world, including in transit regions. In some cases, drugs have even been the currency used in the commission of terrorist attacks, as was the case in the Madrid bombings.
Definition of narco (Entry 1 of 2) 1 US slang : one who traffics or deals drugs illegally One of the ways for big narcos to launder drug money was to acquire land.—
At its most basic, it includes the sale of goods and services between countries. Yet, other forms of international business do exist.
A nation’s economic structure as a free market, centrally planned market, or mixed market also plays a distinct role in the ease at which internati...
Some of the challenges considered by companies and professionals involved in international business include: The economic environment may be very d...
The results of regression analysis indicate that the context variables, both internal and external, exerted more influence on international strateg...
International Business Decisions. (2018, Jan 21). Retrieved from https://phdessay.com/international-business-decisions/
International Business Decisions. (2018, Jan 21). Retrieved from https://phdessay.com/international-business-decisions/
To raise fund s internationally is one of them. With economies and the operations of the business organizations going global, Indian companies have an access to funds in the global capital market. International finance helps organizations engage in cross-border transactions with foreign business partners, such as customers, investors, ...
Business evaluates each of the source of finance in terms of the risk involved while issuing them. For example, there is the least risk in equity as the share capital has to be repaid only at the time of winding up and dividends need not be paid if no profits are available. Whereas, a loan has a repayment schedule for both the principal and the interest. The interest is required to be paid irrespective of the firm earning a profit or going through loss.
In the choice of source of funds, business should be in a good financial position to be able to repay the amount and interest on the borrowed amount. When the earnings of the organization are not stable, fixed charged funds like preference shares and debentures should be carefully selected as these add to the financial strain on the organization.
Another important aspect affecting the choice of finance is the flexibility and ease of obtaining funds. Restrictive provisions, detailed investigation, and documentation in case of borrowings from banks and financial institutions, for example, may be the reason that business organizations may not prefer it if other options are readily available.
Type of business organization and reputation in the market influences the choice of a source for raising money. A partnership firm, for example, cannot raise money by issue of equity shares as these can be issued only by a joint stock company.
There are two types of cost, the cost of obtaining of funds and cost of utilizing the funds. Both these costs should be considered while deciding about the source of funds that will be used by an organization.
Activities of companies are not limited to one region or a single country. And wherever there are activities of companies, there is money involved in them. Let’s understand the world of international financing.
The history of MNCs can be talked about since 200 years but due to initial start ups of the MNCAs, there was a limited foreign investment. There were fewer amounts of joint venture investments, portfolio investment. MNCs has turned out to be the most important and significant players in the global economy due to Globalization.
The global economy is mainly comprised of the multinational companies. The trend in the market is that the GDP of some of the small nations is even less that the 100 global companies. Even employment opportunities are provided by the MNCs.
The main intention behind the MNCs is to maximize the economies of scale and minimize the costs. And hence investment is being done in different countries. This factor motivates the firms to invest in other countries and thus enhance themselves into multinational companies.
The process by which the resources that include financial and other values such as efforts and time, person, business or any other private or public institution are acquired is known as funding. The process by which all the funds are gathered is known as fundraising.
There are various sources of international funds. Some of the most significant sources are as follows -
Foreign exchange risks are of different types. The different types of foreign exchange risks are as follows -
The risks associated with forex can be managed or reduced by following two different types of techniques – Internal techniques and External technique.
Running an organization must involve taking thousands of decisions a day as you can imagine. The decisions that have to be taken with respect to the capital structure are known as Financing Decision. Let us learn a bit more about the types of financing decisions.
A firm should pick where to invest in order to gain the highest conceivable returns.This decision relates to the careful selection of assets in which funds will be invested by the firms. The firm puts its funds in procuring fixed assets and current assets.
The decisions related to money are called ‘Financing Decisions.’. There are three decisions that financial managers have to take: Investment Decision. Financing Decision and. Dividend Decision.
Cash flow of the venture: When an organization starts a venture it invests a huge capital at the start. Even so, the organization expects at least some form of income to meet everyday day-to-day expenses. Therefore, there must be some regular cash flow within the venture to help it sustain.
Condition of the market: The condition of the market matter a lot for the financing decisions. During boom period issue of equity is in majority but during a depression, a firm will have to use debt. These decisions are an important part of financing decisions.
Financial decision is important to make wise decisions about when, where and how should a business acquire fund. Because a firm tends to profit most when the market estimation of an organization’s share expands and this is not only a sign of development for the firm but also it boosts investor’s wealth.
If carefully reviewed what constitutes a business, we will come to the conclusion that there are two things that matter, money and decision Without money, a company won’t survive and without decisions, money can’t survive. An administration has to take countless decisions in the lifetime of the company. Thus, the most important ones are related ...