Step 1: Gather PDU information as a packet travels from 172.16.31.5 to 10.10.10.2. Click 172.16.31.5 and open the Command Prompt. Enter the ping 10.10.10.2 command. Switch to simulation mode and repeat the ping 10.10.10.2 command. A PDU appears next to 172.16.31.5. Click the PDU and note the following information from the Outbound PDU Layer tab:
The fact was that the Inbound and Outbound PDUs were the same packet and so contained the same information especially when they hit the L2 Switch. The fact was that R1 was sending the Packet to PC1 and it was passing "through" SW1, so SW1's wasn't processing it and SW1's MAC address would never have been listed.
Click the Outbound PDU Details tab and scroll down to the TCP section. Are these communications considered to be reliable? Yes. Record the SRC PORT, DEST PORT, SEQUENCE NUM, and ACK NUM values. What is the value in the flag field? 1025, 21, 0, 0. SYN Close the PDU and click Capture/Forward until a PDU returns to the FTP Client with a checkmark.
PC1 ---------- SW1 ------------ R1 ------------ PC2 In one of his labs where we do a Packet Tracer PING Test from PC1 to PC2, we explore the Inbound and Outbound PDUs and both the Inbound Destination MAC Address and Outbound Destination MAC Address are the same -- they are both R!'s MAC Address.
b. Click Capture/Forward six times and watch the PDUs from the different hosts as they travel on the network. Note that only one PDU can cross a wire in each direction at any given time.
Part 2: Examine Functionality of the TCP and UDP Protocols. Step 1: Examine multiplexing as all of the traffic crosses the network. Step 2: Examine FTP traffic as the clients communicate with the server. Step 3: Examine DNS traffic as the clients communicate with the server.
Part 1: Generate Network Traffic in Simulation Mode. Part 2: Examine the Functionality of the TCP and UDP Protocols.
Packet Tracer Simulation mode enables you to view each of the protocols and the associated PDUs. The steps outlined below lead you through the process of requesting network services using various applications that are available on a client PC. You will explore the functionality of the TCP and UDP protocols, multiplexing, and the function of port numbers in determining which local application requested the data or is sending the data. Packet Tracer will not score this activity.
Yes, TCP is in use. Record the SRC PORT, DEST PORT, SEQUENCE NUM, and ACK NUM values. 1029 (value could vary), 80, 1, 1. f. Look at the value in the Flags field, which is located next to the Window field. The values to the right of the “b” represent the TCP flags that are set for this stage of the data conversation.
In the URL field, enter 192.168.1.254 and click Go. Envelopes (PDUs) will appear in the topology window.
Enter the nslookup multiserver.pt.ptu command. A PDU will appear in the simulation window.
Open the browser on HTTP Client and enter 192.168.1.254 in the URL field. Click Go to connect to the server over HTTP. Minimize the HTTP Client window. Click Capture/Forward until you see a PDU appear for HTTP.
Because TCP must first establish the connection so that the HTTP traffic can begin.
Look at the value in the Flags field, which is located next to the Window field. The values to the right of the “b” represent the TCP flags that are set for this stage of the data conversation. Each of the six places corresponds to a flag. The presence of a “1” in any place indicates that the flag is set. More than one flag can be set at a time. The values for the flags are shown below.
Packet Tracer simulation mode provides you the ability to view the state of different PDUs as they travel through the network.
This simulation activity is intended to provide a foundation for understanding the TCP and UDP in detail. Simulation mode provides the ability to view the functionality of the different protocols.
Perform the following tasks task to reduce the amount of network traffic viewed in the simulation.
You will now use the Capture/Forward button and the Back button in the Simulation Panel.
Answers Note: Red font color or gray highlights indicate text that appears in the Answers copy only.
Note: Review the Reflection Questions in Part 3 before proceeding with Part 1. It will give you an idea of the type of information you will need to gather.
In order to communicate with remote networks, a gateway device is necessary. Study the process that takes place to communicate with devices on the remote network. Pay close attention to the MAC addresses used.